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Golež A, Frangež I, Cankar K, Frangež HB, Ovsenik M, Nemeth L. Effects of low-level light therapy on xerostomia related to hyposalivation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:745-758. [PMID: 34409539 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyposalivation is a condition represented by a reduced salivary flow and may include symptoms such as mouth dryness (xerostomia), loss of taste, pain, dysphagia, and dysphonia, all of which greatly affect an individual's quality of life.The aim of the present study was to systematically review the effects of low-level light therapy irradiation (photobiomodulation) on salivary gland function in patients with hyposalivation.The main question of the systematic review was: "Does low-level light irradiation therapy of the salivary glands affect salivary flow rate or indicators of salivary function (ion and protein concentrations) in patients with xerostomia or hyposalivation?" The question was based on the PICO (participant, intervention, control, outcome) principle and followed the PRISMA guidelines. Databases were explored and papers published between the years 1997 and 2020 were reviewed for the following Mesh-term keywords and their corresponding entry terms in different combinations: "Low-level light therapy," "Xerostomia," "Saliva," "Salivary glands," "Salivation."The initial sample consisted of 220 articles. Of those, 47 articles were used for full-text analysis and 18 were used for a systematic review, 14 were used in meta-analysis. According to their individual quality, most articles were classified as high quality of evidence according to the GRADE score. Meta-analysis of the evidence observed increase of unstimulated salivary flow 0.51 SMD compared to placebo (95% CI: 0.16-0.86), I2 = 50%, p = 0.005.The findings of our review revealed evidence of a beneficial effect of photobiomodulation therapy on salivary gland function. The therapy alleviates xerostomia and hyposalivation. However, these effects are reported short term only and did not induce lasting effects of photobiomodulation therapy on patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljaž Golež
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Frangež
- Department for Surgical Infections, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 7, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Cankar
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Ban Frangež
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slajmerjeva 3, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slajmerjeva 3, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Ovsenik
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lidija Nemeth
- Department of Dental Diseases and Normal Dental Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Division of Stomatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Stomatoloska klinika, Hrvatski trg 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Galo IDC, Prado RP, Santos WGD. Blue and red light photoemitters as approach to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e231742. [PMID: 33787710 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.231742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of pathogenic bacteria acquire resistance to the existing antibiotics has long been considered a dangerous health risk threat. Currently, the use of visible light has been considered a new approach to treat bacterial infections as an alternative to antibiotics. Herein, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of two range of visible light, blue and red, on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two pathogenic bacterial commonly found in healthcare settings-acquired infections and responsible for high rate of morbidity and mortality. Bacterial cultures were exposed to blue or red light (470 nm and 660 nm) provided by light-emitting diodes - LED. The fluencies and irradiance used for blue and red light were 284.90 J/cm2, 13.19 mW/cm2 and 603.44 J/cm2, 27.93 mW/cm2 respectively. Different experimental approaches were used to determine the optimal conditions of light application. Only exposure to blue light for 6 hours was able to inhibit about 75% in vitro growth of both bacterial species after 24 hours. The surviving exposed bacteria formed colonies significantly smaller than controls, however, these bacteria were able to resume growth after 48 hours. Blue light was able to inhibit bacterial growth upon inoculation in both saline solution and BHI culture medium. We can conclude that blue light, but not red light, is capable of temporarily retarding the growth of gram negative and gram positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- I D C Galo
- Universidade Federal de Jataí - UFJ, Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Jataí, GO, Brasil
| | - R P Prado
- Universidade Federal de Catalão - UFCAT, Departamento de Medicina, Catalão, GO, Brasil
| | - W G Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Jataí - UFJ, Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Jataí, GO, Brasil
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3
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Low-power lasers on bacteria: stimulation, inhibition, or effectless? Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1791-1805. [PMID: 33486614 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Clinical protocols based on low-power lasers have been widely used for inflammation process resolution improvement, pain relief, wound healing, and nerve regeneration. However, there are concerns if exposure to such lasers could have negative effects on infected organs and tissues. There are experimental data suggesting exposure to radiations emitted by low-power lasers either induces stimulation, inhibition, or it is effectless on bacterial cultures. Thus, this review aimed to carry out a review of studies and to propose a hypothesis to explain why exposure to low-power lasers could stimulate, inhibit, or have no effect on bacteria. A literature search was carried out for assessment of published reports on effect of low-power lasers on bacteria. The experimental data suggest that keys for determining laser-induced effects on bacteria are specific physical laser and biological parameters. Final consequence on bacterial cells could depend on exposure to low-power laser which could either cause more stimulation of endogenous photoacceptors, more excitation of endogenous photosensitizers, or a balance between such effects.
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da Fonseca Iwahara LK, de Paoli F, da Fonseca ADS. Low-Power Red and Infrared Laser Effects on Cells Deficient in DNA Repair. J Lasers Med Sci 2019; 10:157-162. [PMID: 31749939 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2019.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Low-level lasers are successfully used to prevent and treat diseases in soft oral and bone tissues, particularly diseases in oral cavity caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy in oncology. However, controversy exists as to whether these lasers induce molecular side effects, mainly on DNA. The aim of this work was to assess the effects of low-power lasers on mutant Escherichia coli cells in DNA repair. Methods: Escherichia coli wild type cultures as well as those lacking recombination DNA repair (recA -) and la SOS responses (lexA -) irradiated with lasers at different energy densities, powers, and emission modes for cell viability and morphology assessment were used in this study. Results: Laser irradiation: (i) did not affect cell viability of non-mutant and lexA - cells but decreased viability in recA - cultures; (ii) altered morphology of wild type and lexA, depending on the energy density, power, emission mode, and wavelength. Conclusion: Results show that low-level lasers have lethal effects on both recombination DNA repair and SOS response bacterial cells but do not induce morphological modifications in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Kiyoshi da Fonseca Iwahara
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Pasteur, 296, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, 22290240, Brazil
| | - Flavia de Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036900, Brazil
| | - Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Biofotônica, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4º andar, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro, 20211040, Brazil.,Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Avenida Alberto Torres, 111, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25964004, Brazil
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Trajano LADSN, Sergio LPDS, Stumbo AC, Mencalha AL, Fonseca ADSD. Low power lasers on genomic stability. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 180:186-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Kim HL, Kim HJ, Kim HS, Lee TR, Shin DW, Seo YR. A Protective Mechanism of Visible Red Light in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts: Enhancement of GADD45A-Mediated DNA Repair Activity. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 137:466-474. [PMID: 27729279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The phototherapeutic effects of visible red light on skin have been extensively investigated, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to elucidate the protective mechanism of visible red light in terms of DNA repair of UV-induced oxidative damage in normal human dermal fibroblasts. The protective effect of visible red light on UV-induced DNA damage was identified by several assays in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture systems. With regard to the protective mechanism of visible red light, our data showed alterations in base excision repair mediated by growth arrest and DNA damage inducible, alpha (GADD45A). We also observed an enhancement of the physical activity of GADD45A and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) by visible red light. Moreover, UV-induced DNA damages were diminished by visible red light in an APE1-dependent manner. On the basis of the decrease in GADD45A-APE1 interaction in the activating transcription factor-2 (ATF2)-knockdown system, we suggest a role for ATF2 modulation in GADD45A-mediated DNA repair upon visible red light exposure. Thus, the enhancement of GADD45A-mediated base excision repair modulated by ATF2 might be a potential protective mechanism of visible red light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Jin Kim
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-June Kim
- Bioscience Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Lim Kim
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ryong Lee
- Bioscience Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Bioscience Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Rok Seo
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Sergio LPS, Campos VMA, Vicentini SC, Mencalha AL, de Paoli F, Fonseca AS. Low-intensity red and infrared lasers affect mRNA expression of DNA nucleotide excision repair in skin and muscle tissue. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:429-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1870-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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8
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Barboza LL, Campos VMA, Magalhães LAG, Paoli F, Fonseca AS. Low-intensity red and infrared laser effects at high fluences on Escherichia coli cultures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:945-52. [PMID: 26445339 PMCID: PMC4617122 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Semiconductor laser devices are readily available and practical radiation sources providing wavelength tenability and high monochromaticity. Low-intensity red and near-infrared lasers are considered safe for use in clinical applications. However, adverse effects can occur via free radical generation, and the biological effects of these lasers from unusually high fluences or high doses have not yet been evaluated. Here, we evaluated the survival, filamentation induction and morphology of Escherichia coli cells deficient in repair of oxidative DNA lesions when exposed to low-intensity red and infrared lasers at unusually high fluences. Cultures of wild-type (AB1157), endonuclease III-deficient (JW1625-1), and endonuclease IV-deficient (JW2146-1) E. coli, in exponential and stationary growth phases, were exposed to red and infrared lasers (0, 250, 500, and 1000 J/cm2) to evaluate their survival rates, filamentation phenotype induction and cell morphologies. The results showed that low-intensity red and infrared lasers at high fluences are lethal, induce a filamentation phenotype, and alter the morphology of the E. coli cells. Low-intensity red and infrared lasers have potential to induce adverse effects on cells, whether used at unusually high fluences, or at high doses. Hence, there is a need to reinforce the importance of accurate dosimetry in therapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Barboza
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - V M A Campos
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - L A G Magalhães
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - F Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, BR
| | - A S Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
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9
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Canuto KS, Sergio LPS, Guimarães OR, Geller M, Paoli F, Fonseca AS. Low-level red laser therapy alters effects of ultraviolet C radiation on Escherichia coli cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:939-44. [PMID: 26445338 PMCID: PMC4617121 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Low-level lasers are used at low power densities and doses according to clinical
protocols supplied with laser devices or based on professional practice. Although use
of these lasers is increasing in many countries, the molecular mechanisms involved in
effects of low-level lasers, mainly on DNA, are controversial. In this study, we
evaluated the effects of low-level red lasers on survival, filamentation, and
morphology of Escherichia colicells that were exposed to ultraviolet
C (UVC) radiation. Exponential and stationary wild-type and
uvrA-deficientE. coli cells were exposed to a
low-level red laser and in sequence to UVC radiation. Bacterial survival was
evaluated to determine the laser protection factor (ratio between the number of
viable cells after exposure to the red laser and UVC and the number of viable cells
after exposure to UVC). Bacterial filaments were counted to obtain the percentage of
filamentation. Area-perimeter ratios were calculated for evaluation of cellular
morphology. Experiments were carried out in duplicate and the results are reported as
the means of three independent assays. Pre-exposure to a red laser protected
wild-type and uvrA-deficient E. coli cells against
the lethal effect of UVC radiation, and increased the percentage of filamentation and
the area-perimeter ratio, depending on UVC fluence and physiological conditions in
the cells. Therapeutic, low-level red laser radiation can induce DNA lesions at a
sub-lethal level. Consequences to cells and tissues should be considered when
clinical protocols based on this laser are carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Canuto
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos =rgãos, Teresópolis, RJ, BR
| | - L P S Sergio
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - O R Guimarães
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos =rgãos, Teresópolis, RJ, BR
| | - M Geller
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos =rgãos, Teresópolis, RJ, BR
| | - F Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, BR
| | - A S Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
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Fonseca AS, Campos VMA, Magalhães LAG, Paoli F. Nucleotide excision repair pathway assessment in DNA exposed to low-intensity red and infrared lasers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:929-38. [PMID: 26445337 PMCID: PMC4617120 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Low-intensity lasers are used for prevention and management of oral mucositis induced
by anticancer therapy, but the effectiveness of treatment depends on the genetic
characteristics of affected cells. This study evaluated the survival and induction of
filamentation of Escherichia coli cells deficient in the nucleotide
excision repair pathway, and the action of T4endonuclease V on plasmid DNA
exposed to low-intensity red and near-infrared laser light. Cultures of wild-type
(strain AB1157) E. coli and strain AB1886 (deficient in uvrA
protein) were exposed to red (660 nm) and infrared (808 nm) lasers at various
fluences, powers and emission modes to study bacterial survival and filamentation.
Also, plasmid DNA was exposed to laser light to study DNA lesions produced in
vitro by T4endonuclease V. Low-intensity
lasers:i) had no effect on survival of wild-type E.
coli but decreased the survival of uvrA protein-deficient
cells,ii) induced bacterial filamentation, iii)
did not alter the electrophoretic profile of plasmids in agarose gels,
andiv) did not alter the electrophoretic profile of plasmids
incubated with T4 endonuclease V. These results increase our understanding
of the effects of laser light on cells with various genetic characteristics, such as
xeroderma pigmentosum cells deficient in nucleotide excision pathway activity in
patients with mucositis treated by low-intensity lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Fonseca
- Laboratório de Ciências Radiológicas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - V M A Campos
- Laboratório de Ciências Radiológicas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - L A G Magalhães
- Laboratório de Ciências Radiológicas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - F Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, BR
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Low-level laser therapy in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers: a systematic review. ScientificWorldJournal 2015; 2015:150412. [PMID: 25879049 PMCID: PMC4386290 DOI: 10.1155/2015/150412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAUs) are the most common lesion found in the oral cavity. There is no definitive cure for RAUs and current treatments are aimed at minimizing symptoms. Since low-level laser therapy (LLLT) modulates inflammatory responses, and promotes pain reduction and cellular biostimulation, LLLT can be suggested as an alternative treatment for RAUs. The literature concerning the potential of LLLT in the treatment of RAUs was evaluated. A systematic literature review identified 22 publications, of which only 2 studies were adopted. The eligibility criteria consisted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Both RCTs achieved significant results concerning LLLT and pain-level reductions and reduced healing times. Despite the variance in irradiation conditions applied in both studies, very similar wavelengths were adopted. There is accordingly strong evidence that wavelength plays an important role in RAU treatment. Taking into account the different parameters applied by selected RCTs, it is not possible to suggest that a specific protocol should be used. However, in light of the significant results found in both studies, LLLT can be suggested as an alternative for RAU treatment. Additional RCTs should be performed in order to reach a clinical protocol and better understand the application of LLLT in RAU treatment.
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Sergio LPDS, Silva APAD, Amorim PF, Campos VMA, Magalhães LAG, de Paoli F, de Souza da Fonseca A. DNA damage in blood cells exposed to low-level lasers. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 47:361-8. [PMID: 25740459 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In regenerative medicine, there are increasing applications of low-level lasers in therapeutic protocols for treatment of diseases in soft and in bone tissues. However, there are doubts about effects on DNA, and an adequate dosimetry could improve the safety of clinical applications of these lasers. This work aimed to evaluate DNA damage in peripheral blood cells of Wistar rats induced by low-level red and infrared lasers at different fluences, powers, and emission modes according to therapeutic protocols. MATERIAL AND METHODS Peripheral blood samples were exposed to lasers and DNA damage was accessed by comet assay. In other experiments, DNA damage was accessed in blood cells by modified comet assay using formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg) and endonuclease III enzymes. RESULTS Data show that exposure to low-level red and infrared lasers induce DNA damage depending on fluence, power and emission mode, which are targeted by Fpg and endonuclease III. CONCLUSION Oxidative DNA damage should be considered for therapeutic efficacy and patient safety in clinical applications based on low-level red and infrared lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Philippe da Silva Sergio
- Laboratório, de Ciências, Radiológicas, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, 20550900, Brazil
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Expression of DNA repair genes in burned skin exposed to low-level red laser. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 29:1953-7. [PMID: 24930134 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1612-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Although red laser lights lie in the region of non-ionizing radiations in the electromagnetic spectrum, there are doubts whether absorption of these radiations causes lesions in the DNA molecule. Our aim was to investigate the expression of the genes involved with base excision and nucleotide excision repair pathways in skin tissue submitted to burn injury and exposed to low-level red laser. Wistar rats were divided as follows: control group-rats burned and not irradiated, laser group-rats burned and irradiated 1 day after injury for five consecutive days, and later laser group-rats injured and treated 4 days after injury for five consecutive days. Irradiation was performed according to a clinical protocol (20 J/cm(2), 100 mW, continuous wave emission mode). The animals were sacrificed on day 10, and scarred tissue samples were withdrawn for total RNA extraction, complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis, and evaluation of gene expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Low-level red laser exposure (1) reduces the expression of APE1 messenger (mRNA), (2) increases the expression of OGG1 mRNA, (3) reduces the expression of XPC mRNA, and (4) increases the expression of XPA mRNA both in laser and later laser groups. Red laser exposure at therapeutic fluences alters the expression of genes related to base excision and nucleotide excision pathways of DNA repair during wound healing of burned skin.
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da Silva Sergio LP, da Silva Marciano R, Teixeira GR, da Silva Canuto K, Polignano GAC, Guimarães OR, Geller M, de Paoli F, de Souza da Fonseca A. Therapeutic low-intensity red laser for herpes labialis on plasmid survival and bacterial transformation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 12:930-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pp25394e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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