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Dalinot C, Jeux V, Sanguinet L, Cauchy T, Allain M, Morille Y, Bonnin V, Leriche P. Prediction of the Synthesis of Spiro Derivatives by Double Intramolecular Aromatic Electrophilic Substitution Using Reactivity Indices. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:4571-4583. [PMID: 31459648 PMCID: PMC6647987 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of heterocyclic spirobifluorene (SBF) analogs generally requires long and complicated synthetic pathways. Despite this synthetic effort, such structural modification allows the (opto)electronic properties of this remarkable three-dimensional node to be tuned especially for molecular electronic applications. For this reason, the development of a simple, robust, and efficient synthetic methodology to introduce various heterocycles in place of classical phenyl rings in the spirofluorene motif is highly and timely desirable. In this context, we describe herein our efforts to develop a straightforward and efficient synthesis leading to replacement of 2 phenyl rings by various heterocycles in spiro compounds from 2,2'-dibromobenzophenone. As the same procedure to form fully heterocyclic compounds failed, an original theoretical approach based mainly on the uncommon Fukui dual function was developed in order to determine clearly the limitation of this strategy and provide an efficient predictive tool. Indeed, such calculation allows prediction of the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the synthesis of spiro derivatives using a double aromatic electrophilic substitution. If this procedure reproduces well our experimental results focused on (heterocyclic) SBF compounds, it can be certainly adapted and generalized to other intramolecular substitutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Dalinot
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS-UMR 6200, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Victorien Jeux
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS-UMR 6200, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Lionel Sanguinet
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS-UMR 6200, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Thomas Cauchy
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS-UMR 6200, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Magali Allain
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS-UMR 6200, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Yohann Morille
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS-UMR 6200, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Valérie Bonnin
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS-UMR 6200, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Leriche
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS-UMR 6200, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
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2
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Higashino T, Kurumisawa Y, Iiyama H, Imahori H. ABC-ABC-Type Directly meso
-meso
Linked Porphyrin Dimers. Chemistry 2018; 25:538-547. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Higashino
- Department of Molecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yuma Kurumisawa
- Department of Molecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hitomi Iiyama
- Department of Molecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imahori
- Department of Molecular Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences; Kyoto University; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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3
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Kegelmann L, Wolff CM, Awino C, Lang F, Unger EL, Korte L, Dittrich T, Neher D, Rech B, Albrecht S. It Takes Two to Tango-Double-Layer Selective Contacts in Perovskite Solar Cells for Improved Device Performance and Reduced Hysteresis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:17245-17255. [PMID: 28436227 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solar cells made from inorganic-organic perovskites have gradually approached market requirements as their efficiency and stability have improved tremendously in recent years. Planar low-temperature processed perovskite solar cells are advantageous for possible large-scale production but are more prone to exhibiting photocurrent hysteresis, especially in the regular n-i-p structure. Here, a systematic characterization of different electron selective contacts with a variety of chemical and electrical properties in planar n-i-p devices processed below 180 °C is presented. The inorganic metal oxides TiO2 and SnO2, the organic fullerene derivatives C60, PCBM, and ICMA, as well as double-layers with a metal oxide/PCBM structure are used as electron transport materials (ETMs). Perovskite layers deposited atop the different ETMs with the herein applied fabrication method show a similar morphology according to scanning electron microscopy. Further, surface photovoltage spectroscopy measurements indicate comparable perovskite absorber qualities on all ETMs, except TiO2, which shows a more prominent influence of defect states. Transient photoluminescence studies together with current-voltage scans over a broad range of scan speeds reveal faster charge extraction, less pronounced hysteresis effects, and higher efficiencies for devices with fullerene compared to those with metal oxide ETMs. Beyond this, only double-layer ETM structures substantially diminish hysteresis effects for all performed scan speeds and strongly enhance the power conversion efficiency up to a champion stabilized value of 18.0%. The results indicate reduced recombination losses for a double-layer TiO2/PCBM contact design: First, a reduction of shunt paths through the fullerene to the ITO layer. Second, an improved hole blocking by the wide band gap metal oxide. Third, decreased transport losses due to an energetically more favorable contact, as implied by photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The herein demonstrated improvements of multilayer selective contacts may serve as a general design guideline for perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian M Wolff
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam , Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | | | | | - Eva L Unger
- Department of Chemistry and NanoLund, Lund University , Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | | | | | - Dieter Neher
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam , Potsdam 14476, Germany
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Pecnikaj I, Minudri D, Otero L, Fungo F, Cavazzini M, Orlandi S, Pozzi G. Fluorous molecules for dye-sensitized solar cells: synthesis and properties of di-branched, di-anchoring organic sensitizers containing fluorene subunits. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01516j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four organic sensitizers having a di-branched molecular structure D–(π–A)2 were applied in the development of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilir Pecnikaj
- Department of Chemical
- Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel
- Tirana
| | - Daniela Minudri
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. CONICET
- Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - Luis Otero
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. CONICET
- Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - Fernando Fungo
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. CONICET
- Río Cuarto
- Argentina
| | - Marco Cavazzini
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- ISTM-CNR
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Simonetta Orlandi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- ISTM-CNR
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Gianluca Pozzi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- ISTM-CNR
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
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Fuse S, Matsumura K, Wakamiya A, Masui H, Tanaka H, Yoshikawa S, Takahashi T. Elucidation of the structure-property relationship of p-type organic semiconductors through rapid library construction via a one-pot, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2014; 16:494-9. [PMID: 25090049 DOI: 10.1021/co500071x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The elucidation of the structure-property relationship is an important issue in the development of organic electronics. Combinatorial synthesis and the evaluation of systematically modified compounds is a powerful tool in the work of elucidating structure-property relationships. In this manuscript, D-π-A structure, 32 p-type organic semiconductors were rapidly synthesized via a one-pot, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with subsequent Knoevenagel condensation. Evaluation of the solubility and photovoltaic properties of the prepared compounds revealed that the measured solubility was strongly correlated with the solubility parameter (SP), as reported by Fedors. In addition, the SPs were correlated with the Jsc of thin-film organic solar cells prepared using synthesized compounds. Among the evaluated photovoltaic properties of the solar cells, Jsc and Voc had strong correlations with the photoconversion efficiency (PCE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Fuse
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsumura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hisashi Masui
- Yokohama College of Pharmacy, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Susumu Yoshikawa
- Institute
of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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Kumar D, Justin Thomas KR, Lee CP, Ho KC. Organic Dyes Containing Fluorene Decorated with Imidazole Units for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3159-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500330r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Kumar
- Organic
Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India
| | - K. R. Justin Thomas
- Organic
Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India
| | - Chuan-Pei Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Ho
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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7
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Smari I, Zhao L, Yuan K, Ammar HB, Doucet H. Reactivity of bromofluorenes in palladium-catalysed direct arylation of heteroaromatics. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy00771a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The palladium-catalysed direct arylation using 2-bromofluorene or 2,7-dibromofluorene and heteroaromatics as the coupling partners proceeded using only 0.1–0.5 mol% catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Smari
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Asymétrique et catalyse homogène
- (UR 11ES56) Université de Monastir
- Faculté des Sciences de Monastir
- Avenue de l'environnement
- Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Liqin Zhao
- Institut Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes “Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse”
- Campus de Beaulieu
- 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Kedong Yuan
- Institut Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes “Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse”
- Campus de Beaulieu
- 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Hamed Ben Ammar
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Asymétrique et catalyse homogène
- (UR 11ES56) Université de Monastir
- Faculté des Sciences de Monastir
- Avenue de l'environnement
- Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Henri Doucet
- Institut Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes “Organométalliques: Matériaux et Catalyse”
- Campus de Beaulieu
- 35042 Rennes, France
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8
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Pozzi G, Orlandi S, Cavazzini M, Minudri D, Macor L, Otero L, Fungo F. Synthesis and Photovoltaic Applications of a 4,4′-Spirobi[cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b′]dithiophene]-Bridged Donor/Acceptor Dye. Org Lett 2013; 15:4642-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402420w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Pozzi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISTM-CNR, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Simonetta Orlandi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISTM-CNR, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Marco Cavazzini
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISTM-CNR, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Daniela Minudri
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISTM-CNR, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Lorena Macor
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISTM-CNR, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Luis Otero
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISTM-CNR, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Fernando Fungo
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISTM-CNR, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, and Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
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