1
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Cigan E, Pletz J, Berger SA, Hierzberger B, Grilec-Zlamal M, Steiner A, Oroz-Guinea I, Kroutil W. Concise synthesis of ( R)-reticuline and (+)-salutaridine by combining early-stage organic synthesis and late-stage biocatalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9863-9871. [PMID: 37736642 PMCID: PMC10510765 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02304d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient access to the morphinan scaffold remains a major challenge in both synthetic chemistry and biotechnology. Here, a biomimetic chemo-enzymatic strategy to synthesize the natural promorphinan intermediate (+)-salutaridine is demonstrated. By combining early-stage organic synthesis with enzymatic asymmetric key step transformations, the prochiral natural intermediate 1,2-dehydroreticuline was prepared and subsequently stereoselectively reduced by the enzyme 1,2-dehydroreticuline reductase obtaining (R)-reticuline in high ee and yield (>99% ee, up to quant. conversion, 92% isol. yield). In the final step, membrane-bound salutaridine synthase was used to perform the selective ortho-para phenol coupling to give (+)-salutaridine. The synthetic route shows the potential of combining early-stage advanced organic chemistry to minimize protecting group techniques with late-stage multi-step biocatalysis to provide an unprecedented access to the medicinally important compound class of promorphinans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Cigan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Jakob Pletz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Sarah A Berger
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Bettina Hierzberger
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Michael Grilec-Zlamal
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Isabel Oroz-Guinea
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz 8010 Graz Austria
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2
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Wu X, Li Z, Lin J, Huang Z, Chen F. Engineered Cyclohexylamine Oxidase with Improved Activity and Stereoselectivity for Asymmetric Synthesis of a Bulky Dextromethorphan Precursor and Its Analogues. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Wu
- Fudan University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhining Li
- Fudan University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Juan Lin
- Fuzhou University College of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zedu Huang
- Fudan University Chemistry Department 220 Handan Road 200433 Shanghai CHINA
| | - Fener Chen
- Fudan University Department of Chemistry CHINA
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3
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Keller M, Sauvageot-Witzku K, Geisslinger F, Urban N, Schaefer M, Bartel K, Bracher F. The ethoxycarbonyl group as both activating and protective group in N-acyl-Pictet-Spengler reactions using methoxystyrenes. A short approach to racemic 1-benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2716-2725. [PMID: 34804241 PMCID: PMC8576818 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a systematic investigation on an improved variant of the N-acyl-Pictet-Spengler condensation for the synthesis of 1-benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines, based on our recently published synthesis of N-methylcoclaurine, exemplified by the total syntheses of 10 alkaloids in racemic form. Major advantages are a) using ω-methoxystyrenes as convenient alternatives to arylacetaldehydes, and b) using the ethoxycarbonyl residue for both activating the arylethylamine precursors for the cyclization reaction, and, as a significant extension, also as protective group for phenolic residues. After ring closure, the ethoxycarbonyl-protected phenols are deprotected simultaneously with the further processing of the carbamate group, either following route A (lithium alanate reduction) to give N-methylated phenolic products, or following route B (treatment with excess methyllithium) to give the corresponding alkaloids with free N-H function. This dual use of the ethoxycarbonyl group shortens the synthetic routes to hydroxylated 1-benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines significantly. Not surprisingly, these ten alkaloids did not show noteworthy effects on TPC2 cation channels and the tumor cell line VCR-R CEM, and did not exhibit P-glycoprotein blocking activity. But due to their free phenolic groups they can serve as valuable intermediates for novel derivatives addressing all of these targets, based on previous evidence for structure-activity relationships in this chemotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Keller
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Karl Sauvageot-Witzku
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Geisslinger
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Urban
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Härtelstr. 16–18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Härtelstr. 16–18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karin Bartel
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich, Germany
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4
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Cigan E, Eggbauer B, Schrittwieser JH, Kroutil W. The role of biocatalysis in the asymmetric synthesis of alkaloids - an update. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28223-28270. [PMID: 35480754 PMCID: PMC9038100 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids are a group of natural products with interesting pharmacological properties and a long history of medicinal application. Their complex molecular structures have fascinated chemists for decades, and their total synthesis still poses a considerable challenge. In a previous review, we have illustrated how biocatalysis can make valuable contributions to the asymmetric synthesis of alkaloids. The chemo-enzymatic strategies discussed therein have been further explored and improved in recent years, and advances in amine biocatalysis have vastly expanded the opportunities for incorporating enzymes into synthetic routes towards these important natural products. The present review summarises modern developments in chemo-enzymatic alkaloid synthesis since 2013, in which the biocatalytic transformations continue to take an increasingly 'central' role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Cigan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, BioHealth Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Bettina Eggbauer
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, BioHealth Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Joerg H Schrittwieser
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, BioHealth Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, BioHealth Heinrichstrasse 28/II 8010 Graz Austria
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5
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Wu X, Huang Z, Wang Z, Li Z, Wang J, Lin J, Chen F. Asymmetric Synthesis of a Key Dextromethorphan Intermediate and Its Analogues Enabled by a New Cyclohexylamine Oxidase: Enzyme Discovery, Reaction Development, and Mechanistic Insight. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5598-5614. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Zedu Huang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zexu Wang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhining Li
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Juan Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Fener Chen
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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6
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Faverio C, Boselli MF, Medici F, Benaglia M. Ammonia borane as a reducing agent in organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7789-7813. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01351j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia borane is gaining increasing attention as a sustainable and atom-economical winning reagent for the reduction of several substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Faverio
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Medici
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Maurizio Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
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7
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Ju S, Qian M, Xu G, Yang L, Wu J. Chemoenzymatic Approach to (
S
)‐1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinoline Carboxylic Acids Employing D‐Amino Acid Oxidase. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Ju
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Qian
- Tongli Biomedical Co., Ltd 1# Guotai North Road, Zhangjiagang Economic Development Zone Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Xu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
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8
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Batista VF, Galman JL, G. A. Pinto DC, Silva AMS, Turner NJ. Monoamine Oxidase: Tunable Activity for Amine Resolution and Functionalization. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasco F. Batista
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - James L. Galman
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Diana C. G. A. Pinto
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, U.K
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9
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Yao P, Cong P, Gong R, Li J, Li G, Ren J, Feng J, Lin J, Lau PCK, Wu Q, Zhu D. Biocatalytic Route to Chiral 2-Substituted-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinolines Using Cyclohexylamine Oxidase Muteins. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Yao
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
| | - Peiqian Cong
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Rui Gong
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
| | - Guangyue Li
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ren
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Lin
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
| | - Peter C. K. Lau
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial
Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic
Area, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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10
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Gong R, Yao P, Chen X, Feng J, Wu Q, Lau PCK, Zhu D. Accessing d
-Valine Synthesis by Improved Variants of Bacterial Cyclohexylamine Oxidase. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Peter C. K. Lau
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
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11
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Li G, Yao P, Gong R, Li J, Liu P, Lonsdale R, Wu Q, Lin J, Zhu D, Reetz MT. Simultaneous engineering of an enzyme's entrance tunnel and active site: the case of monoamine oxidase MAO-N. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4093-4099. [PMID: 30155214 PMCID: PMC6099926 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05381e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A new directed evolution approach is presented to enhance the activity of an enzyme and to manipulate stereoselectivity by focusing iterative saturation mutagenesis (ISM) simultaneously on residues lining the entrance tunnel and the binding pocket. This combined mutagenesis strategy was applied successfully to the monoamine oxidase from Aspergillus niger (MAO-N) in the reaction of sterically demanding substrates which are of interest in the synthesis of chiral pharmaceuticals based on the benzo-piperidine scaffold. Reversal of enantioselectivity of Turner-type deracemization was achieved in the synthesis of (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-methyl-isoquinoline, (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-ethylisoquinoline and (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-isopropylisoquinoline. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the altered catalytic profile is due to increased hydrophobicity of the entrance tunnel acting in concert with the altered shape of the binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyue Li
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 , 45470 , Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
- Fachbereich Chemie , Philipps-Universität , Hans-Meerwein-Strasse , 35032 Marburg , Germany
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes , Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area , Tianjin 300308 , People's Republic of China . ;
| | - Rui Gong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes , Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area , Tianjin 300308 , People's Republic of China . ;
| | - Jinlong Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes , Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area , Tianjin 300308 , People's Republic of China . ;
| | - Pi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes , Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area , Tianjin 300308 , People's Republic of China . ;
| | - Richard Lonsdale
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 , 45470 , Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
- Fachbereich Chemie , Philipps-Universität , Hans-Meerwein-Strasse , 35032 Marburg , Germany
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes , Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area , Tianjin 300308 , People's Republic of China . ;
| | - Jianping Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes , Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area , Tianjin 300308 , People's Republic of China . ;
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes , Tianjin Engineering Center for Biocatalytic Technology , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area , Tianjin 300308 , People's Republic of China . ;
| | - Manfred T Reetz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 , 45470 , Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
- Fachbereich Chemie , Philipps-Universität , Hans-Meerwein-Strasse , 35032 Marburg , Germany
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12
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Chrzanowska M, Grajewska A, Rozwadowska MD. Asymmetric Synthesis of Isoquinoline Alkaloids: 2004-2015. Chem Rev 2016; 116:12369-12465. [PMID: 27680197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, the asymmetric synthesis of chiral nonracemic isoquinoline alkaloids, a family of natural products showing a wide range of structural diversity and biological and pharmaceutical activity, has been based either on continuation or improvement of known traditional methods or on new, recently developed, strategies. Both diastereoselective and enantioselective catalytic methods have been applied. This review describes the stereochemically modified traditional syntheses (the Pictet-Spengler, the Bischler-Napieralski, and the Pomeranz-Fritsch-Bobbitt) along with strategies based on closing of the nitrogen-containing ring B of the isoquinoline core by the formation of bonds between C1-N2, N2-C3, C1-N2/N2-C3, and C1-N2/C4-C4a atoms. Methods involving introduction of substituents at the C1 carbon of isoquinoline core along with syntheses applying various biocatalytic techniques have also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chrzanowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University , Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Grajewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University , Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria D Rozwadowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University , Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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13
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New recombinant cyclohexylamine oxidase variants for deracemization of secondary amines by orthogonally assaying designed mutants with structurally diverse substrates. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24973. [PMID: 27138090 PMCID: PMC4853734 DOI: 10.1038/srep24973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
To further expand the substrate range of the cyclohexylamine oxidase (CHAO) from Brevibacterium oxydans, a library of diverse mutants was created and assayed toward a group of structurally diverse substrates. Among them, mutants T198A and M226A exhibited enhanced activity relative to wt CHAO for most (S)-enantiomers of primary amines and some secondary amines. While mutants T198I, L199I, L199F, M226I and M226T were more active than wt CHAO toward the primary amines, mutants T198F, L199T, Y321A, Y321T, Y321I and Y321F enhanced the enzyme activity toward the secondary amines. In particular, mutant Y321I displayed an enhanced catalytic efficiency toward 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-octahydroisoquinoline (13). Whereas a double mutant, Y321I/M226T, acted on (S)-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-2, 3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine [(S)-8]. Since (R)-8 is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase and (S)-13 is an intermediate of dextromethorphan, a cough suppressant drug, deracemizations of 8 and 13 were carried out with crude enzyme extracts of the respective mutants. This resulted in 51% and 78% isolated yields of (R)-8 and (S)-13, respectively, each with high enantiomeric excess (93% and 99% ee). The results demonstrated the application potential of the evolved CHAO mutants in drug synthesis requiring chiral secondary amines.
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Schläger S, Dräger B. Exploiting plant alkaloids. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 37:155-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Ramesh H, Zajkoska P, Rebroš M, Woodley JM. The effect of cultivation media and washing whole-cell biocatalysts on monoamine oxidase catalyzed oxidative desymmetrization of 3-azabicyclo[3,3,0]octane. Enzyme Microb Technol 2015; 83:7-13. [PMID: 26777245 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that washing whole-cells containing enzyme activities after fermentation, but prior to biocatalysis can improve their activity in the subsequent reaction. In this paper, we quantify the impact of both the fermentation media and cell washing on the performance of whole-cell biocatalysis. The results are illustrated using a recombinant monoamine oxidase (expressed in Escherichia coli, used in resting state) for the oxidative desymmetrization of 3-azabicyclo[3,3,0]octane. It was shown that the need for washing biocatalyst prior to use in a reaction is dependent upon growth medium. Unlike cells grown in LB medium, washing of the cells was essential for cells grown on TB medium. With TB media, washing the cells improved the final conversion by approximately a factor of two. Additionally, over 50-fold improvement was achieved in initial activity. A potential reason for this improvement in activity was identified to be the increase in transfer of substrates across the cell membrane as a result of cell washing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemalata Ramesh
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Building 229, Søltofts Plads, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Petra Zajkoska
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Rebroš
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - John M Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Building 229, Søltofts Plads, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Biocatalysts for the formation of three- to six-membered carbo- and heterocycles. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:457-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ruiz-Olalla A, Würdemann MA, Wanner MJ, Ingemann S, van Maarseveen JH, Hiemstra H. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Pictet–Spengler Approach to Biologically Relevant 1-Benzyl-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids. J Org Chem 2015; 80:5125-32. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ruiz-Olalla
- Van ‘t
Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A. Würdemann
- Van ‘t
Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin J. Wanner
- Van ‘t
Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steen Ingemann
- Van ‘t
Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. van Maarseveen
- Van ‘t
Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Hiemstra
- Van ‘t
Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Sigrist R, da Costa BZ, Marsaioli AJ, de Oliveira LG. Nature-inspired enzymatic cascades to build valuable compounds. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:394-411. [PMID: 25795056 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalysis currently is focusing on enzymatic and multi-enzymatic cascade processes instead of single steps imbedded into chemical pathways. Alongside this scientific revolution, this review provides an overview on multi-enzymatic cascades that are responsible for the biosynthesis of some terpenes, alkaloids and polyethers, which are important classes of natural products. Herein, we illustrate the development of studies inspired by multi- and chemo-enzymatic approaches to build the core moieties of polyethers, polypeptide alkaloids, piperidines and pyrrolidines promoted by the joint action of oxidoreductases, hydrolases, cyclases, transaminases and imine reductases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Sigrist
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Zucoloto da Costa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anita Jocelyne Marsaioli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Gonzaga de Oliveira
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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