1
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Yu N, Geng W, Liu Y, Zhang H, Lu H, Duan Z, Yang L, Zhang Y, Chou X. Robust global arrangement by coherent enhancement in Huygens-Fresnel traveling surface acoustic wave interference field. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:509-518. [PMID: 37989848 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The application of standing surface acoustic wave (SSAW) tweezers based on backpropagation superposition to achieve precise behavior manipulation of microscale cells and even nanoscale bacteria has been widely studied and industrialized. However, the structure requires multiple transducer components or full channel resonance. It is very challenging to design a simple structure for nano-control by complex acoustic field. In this study, a reflector-interdigital transducer (R-IDT) acoustofluidic device based on unilateral coherence enhancement is proposed to achieve SSAW definition features of periodic particle capture positions. The SAW device based on a unilateral transducer can not only generate leaky-SAW in water-filled microchannel, but also have a contribution of spherical waves in the vibration area of the substrate-liquid interface due to the Huygens-Fresnel diffractive principle. Both of them form a robust time-averaged spatial periodicity in the pressure potential gradient, accurately predicting the lateral spacing of these positions through acoustic patterning methods. Furthermore, a reflector based on Bragg-reflection is used to suppress backward transmitted SAW and enhance forward conducted SAW beams. By using a finite element model, R-IDT structure's amplitude enhances 60.78% compared to single IDT structure. The particle manipulation range of the diffractive acoustic field greatly improves, verified by experimental polystyrene microspheres. Besides, biocompatibility is conformed through red blood cells and Bacillus subtilis. We investigate the overall shift of periodic pressure field that can still occur when the phase changes. This work provides a simpler and low-cost solution for the application of acoustic tweezer in biological cell culture and filtering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxin Yu
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Wenping Geng
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China.
| | - Yukai Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Huiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Zhigang Duan
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Lingxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Xiujian Chou
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
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2
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Weser R, Deng Z, Kondalkar VV, Darinskii AN, Cierpka C, Schmidt H, König J. Three-dimensional heating and patterning dynamics of particles in microscale acoustic tweezers. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:2886-2901. [PMID: 35851398 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00200k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic tweezers facilitate a noninvasive, contactless, and label-free method for the precise manipulation of micro objects, including biological cells. Although cells are exposed to mechanical and thermal stress, acoustic tweezers are usually considered as biocompatible. Here, we present a holistic experimental approach to reveal the correlation between acoustic fields, acoustophoretic motion and heating effects of particles induced by an acoustic tweezer setup. The system is based on surface acoustic waves and was characterized by applying laser Doppler vibrometry, astigmatism particle tracking velocimetry and luminescence lifetime imaging. In situ measurements with high spatial and temporal resolution reveal a three-dimensional particle patterning coinciding with the experimentally assisted numerical result of the acoustic radiation force distribution. In addition, a considerable and rapid heating up to 55 °C depending on specific parameters was observed. Although these temperatures may be harmful to living cells, counter-measures can be found as the time scales of patterning and heating are shown to be different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Weser
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, SAWLab Saxony, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Zhichao Deng
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany.
| | - Vijay V Kondalkar
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, SAWLab Saxony, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Alexandre N Darinskii
- Institute of Crystallography FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Christian Cierpka
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany.
| | - Hagen Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, SAWLab Saxony, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jörg König
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany.
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3
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Hawkes JJ, Maramizonouz S, Jia C, Rahmati M, Zheng T, McDonnell MB, Fu YQ. Node formation mechanisms in acoustofluidic capillary bridges. ULTRASONICS 2022; 121:106690. [PMID: 35091124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2022.106690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Using acoustofluidic channels formed by capillary bridges two models are developed to describe nodes formed by leaky and by evanescent waves. The liquid channel held between a microscope slide (waveguide) and a strip of polystyrene film (fluid guide) avoids solid-sidewall interactions. With this simplification, our experimental and numerical study showed that waves emitted from a single plane surface, interfere and form the nodes without any resonance in the fluid. Both models pay particular attention to tensor elements normal to the solid-liquid interfaces they find that; initially nodes form in the solid and the node pattern is replicated by waves emitted into the fluid from antinodes in the stress. At fluids depths near half an acoustic wavelength, most nodes are formed by leaky waves. In the glass, water-loading reduces node-node separation and forms an overlay type waveguide which aligns the nodes predominantly along the channel. One new practical insight is that node separation can be controlled by water depth. At 0.2 mm water depths (which are smaller than a ¼ wavelength) nodes form from evanescent waves. Here a suspension of yeast cells formed a pattern of small dot-like clumps of cells on the surface of the polystyrene film. We found the same pattern in sound intensity normal, and close, to the water-polystyrene interface. The capillary bridge channel developed for this study is simple, low-cost, and could be developed for filtration, separation, or patterning of biological species in rapid immuno-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J Hawkes
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Sadaf Maramizonouz
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Changfeng Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Mohammad Rahmati
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Tengfei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Martin B McDonnell
- School of Engineering and Technology, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Yong-Qing Fu
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
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4
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Kolesnik K, Xu M, Lee PVS, Rajagopal V, Collins DJ. Unconventional acoustic approaches for localized and designed micromanipulation. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:2837-2856. [PMID: 34268539 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00378j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic fields are ideal for micromanipulation, being biocompatible and with force gradients approaching the scale of single cells. They have accordingly found use in a variety of microfluidic devices, including for microscale patterning, separation, and mixing. The bulk of work in acoustofluidics has been predicated on the formation of standing waves that form periodic nodal positions along which suspended particles and cells are aligned. An evolving range of applications, however, requires more targeted micromanipulation to create unique patterns and effects. To this end, recent work has made important advances in improving the flexibility with which acoustic fields can be applied, impressively demonstrating generating arbitrary arrangements of pressure fields, spatially localizing acoustic fields and selectively translating individual particles in ways that are not achievable via traditional approaches. In this critical review we categorize and examine these advances, each of which open the door to a wide range of applications in which single-cell fidelity and flexible micromanipulation are advantageous, including for tissue engineering, diagnostic devices, high-throughput sorting and microfabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Kolesnik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Mingxin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Peter V S Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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5
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Nguyen TD, Tran VT, Du H. Manipulation of self-assembled three-dimensional architecture in reusable acoustofluidic device. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2375-2382. [PMID: 33765330 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Reconstructing of cell architecture plays a vital role in tissue engineering. Recent developments of self-assembling of cells into three-dimensional (3D) matrix pattern using surface acoustic waves have paved a way for a better tissue engineering platform thanks to its unique properties such as nature of noninvasive and noncontact, high biocompatibility, low-power consumption, automation capability, and fast actuation. This article discloses a method to manipulate the orientation and curvature of 3D matrix pattern by redesigning the top wall of microfluidic chamber and the technique to create a 3D longitudinal pattern along preinserted polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rods. Experimental results showed a good agreement with model predictions. This research can actively contribute to the development of better organs-on-chips platforms with capability of controlling cell architecture and density. Meanwhile, the 3D longitudinal pattern is suitable for self-assembling of microvasculatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Dai Nguyen
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
| | - Van-Thai Tran
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
| | - Hejun Du
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
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6
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Yamaguchi Y, Yamamoto T. One-Dimensional Flow of Bacteria on an Electrode Rail by Dielectrophoresis: Toward Single-Cell-Based Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12020123. [PMID: 33498919 PMCID: PMC7911595 DOI: 10.3390/mi12020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many applications in biotechnology and medicine, among other disciplines, require the rapid enumeration of bacteria, preferably using miniaturized portable devices. Microfluidic technology is expected to solve this miniaturization issue. In the enumeration of bacteria in microfluidic devices, the technique of aligning bacteria in a single line prior to counting is the key to an accurate count at single-bacterium resolution. Here, we describe the numerical and experimental evaluation of a device utilizing a dielectrophoretic force to array bacteria in a single line, allowing their facile numeration. The device comprises a channel to flow bacteria, two counter electrodes, and a capture electrode several microns or less in width for arranging bacteria in a single line. When the capture electrode is narrower than the diameter of a bacterium, the entrapment efficiency of the one-dimensional array is 80% or more within 2 s. Furthermore, since some cell-sorting applications require bacteria to move against the liquid flow, we demonstrated that bacteria can move in a single line in the off-axial direction tilted 30° from the flow direction. Our findings provide the basis for designing miniature, portable devices for evaluating bacteria with single-cell accuracy.
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7
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Zhao S, Wu M, Yang S, Wu Y, Gu Y, Chen C, Ye J, Xie Z, Tian Z, Bachman H, Huang PH, Xia J, Zhang P, Zhang H, Huang TJ. A disposable acoustofluidic chip for nano/microparticle separation using unidirectional acoustic transducers. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:1298-1308. [PMID: 32195522 PMCID: PMC7199844 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00106f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Separation of nano/microparticles based on surface acoustic waves (SAWs) has shown great promise for biological, chemical, and medical applications ranging from sample purification to cancer diagnosis. However, the permanent bonding of a microchannel onto relatively expensive piezoelectric substrates and excitation transducers renders the SAW separation devices non-disposable. This limitation not only requires cumbersome cleaning and increased labor and material costs, but also leads to cross-contamination, preventing their implementation in many biological, chemical, and medical applications. Here, we demonstrate a high-performance, disposable acoustofluidic platform for nano/microparticle separation. Leveraging unidirectional interdigital transducers (IDTs), a hybrid channel design with hard/soft materials, and tilted-angle standing SAWs (taSSAWs), our disposable acoustofluidic devices achieve acoustic radiation forces comparable to those generated by existing permanently bonded, non-disposable devices. Our disposable devices can separate not only microparticles but also nanoparticles. Moreover, they can differentiate bacteria from human red blood cells (RBCs) with a purity of up to 96%. Altogether, we developed a unidirectional IDT-based, disposable acoustofluidic platform for micro/nanoparticle separation that can achieve high separation efficiency, versatility, and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiguo Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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8
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Qian J, Ren J, Liu Y, Lam RHW, Lee JEY. A two-chip acoustofluidic particle manipulation platform with a detachable and reusable surface acoustic wave device. Analyst 2020; 145:7752-7758. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01469a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A two-chip acoustofluidic particle manipulation platform with a detachable and reusable surface acoustic wave device enables manipulation of microparticles in 2D on a replaceable silicon superstrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingui Qian
- Department of Electrical Engineering
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jifeng Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong SAR
| | - Raymond H. W. Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong SAR
| | - Joshua E.-Y. Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves
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9
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Richard C, Fakhfouri A, Colditz M, Striggow F, Kronstein-Wiedemann R, Tonn T, Medina-Sánchez M, Schmidt OG, Gemming T, Winkler A. Blood platelet enrichment in mass-producible surface acoustic wave (SAW) driven microfluidic chips. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:4043-4051. [PMID: 31723953 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00804g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability to separate specific biological components from cell suspensions is indispensable for liquid biopsies, and for personalized diagnostics and therapy. This paper describes an advanced surface acoustic wave (SAW) based device designed for the enrichment of platelets (PLTs) from a dispersion of PLTs and red blood cells (RBCs) at whole blood concentrations, opening new possibilities for diverse applications involving cell manipulation with high throughput. The device is made of patterned SU-8 photoresist that is lithographically defined on the wafer scale with a new proposed methodology. The blood cells are initially focused and subsequently separated by an acoustic radiation force (ARF) applied through standing SAWs (SSAWs). By means of flow cytometric analysis, the PLT concentration factor was found to be 7.7, and it was proven that the PLTs maintain their initial state. A substantially higher cell throughput and considerably lower applied powers than comparable devices from literature were achieved. In addition, fully coupled 3D numerical simulations based on SAW wave field measurements were carried out to anticipate the coupling of the wave field into the fluid, and to obtain the resulting pressure field. A comparison to the acoustically simpler case of PDMS channel walls is given. The simulated results show an ideal match to the experimental observations and offer the first insights into the acoustic behavior of SU-8 as channel wall material. The proposed device is compatible with current (Lab-on-a-Chip) microfabrication techniques allowing for mass-scale, reproducible chip manufacturing which is crucial to push the technology from lab-based to real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Richard
- Leibniz-IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | | | - Melanie Colditz
- Leibniz-IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | | | - Romy Kronstein-Wiedemann
- Experimentelle Transfusionsmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden/DRK-Blutspendedienst Nord-Ost gGmbH, Blasewitzer str. 68/70, 01370 Dresden, Germany
| | - Torsten Tonn
- Experimentelle Transfusionsmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden/DRK-Blutspendedienst Nord-Ost gGmbH, Blasewitzer str. 68/70, 01370 Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Gemming
- Leibniz-IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Andreas Winkler
- Leibniz-IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
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10
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Lin Z, Zhou W, Huang X, Wang K, Tang J, Niu L, Meng L, Zheng H. On-Chip Ultrasound Modulation of Pyramidal Neuronal Activity in Hippocampal Slices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Lin
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1068 Xueyuan Avenue Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1068 Xueyuan Avenue Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1068 Xueyuan Avenue Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Kaiyue Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1068 Xueyuan Avenue Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Physiology; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Southern Medical University; 1023-1063 Shatai South Avenue Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Lili Niu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1068 Xueyuan Avenue Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Long Meng
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1068 Xueyuan Avenue Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1068 Xueyuan Avenue Shenzhen 518055 China
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11
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Connacher W, Zhang N, Huang A, Mei J, Zhang S, Gopesh T, Friend J. Micro/nano acoustofluidics: materials, phenomena, design, devices, and applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1952-1996. [PMID: 29922774 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00112j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic actuation of fluids at small scales may finally enable a comprehensive lab-on-a-chip revolution in microfluidics, overcoming long-standing difficulties in fluid and particle manipulation on-chip. In this comprehensive review, we examine the fundamentals of piezoelectricity, piezoelectric materials, and transducers; revisit the basics of acoustofluidics; and give the reader a detailed look at recent technological advances and current scientific discussions in the discipline. Recent achievements are placed in the context of classic reports for the actuation of fluid and particles via acoustic waves, both within sessile drops and closed channels. Other aspects of micro/nano acoustofluidics are examined: atomization, translation, mixing, jetting, and particle manipulation in the context of sessile drops and fluid mixing and pumping, particle manipulation, and formation of droplets in the context of closed channels, plus the most recent results at the nanoscale. These achievements will enable applications across the disciplines of chemistry, biology, medicine, energy, manufacturing, and we suspect a number of others yet unimagined. Basic design concepts and illustrative applications are highlighted in each section, with an emphasis on lab-on-a-chip applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Connacher
- Medically Advanced Devices Laboratory, Center for Medical Devices and Instrumentation, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411, USA.
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12
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Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Focused Surface Acoustic Wave (F-SAW) Device for Interfacial Droplet Jetting. INVENTIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/inventions3020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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13
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Ahmed H, Destgeer G, Park J, Jung JH, Sung HJ. Vertical Hydrodynamic Focusing and Continuous Acoustofluidic Separation of Particles via Upward Migration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700285. [PMID: 29619294 PMCID: PMC5827645 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A particle suspended in a fluid within a microfluidic channel experiences a direct acoustic radiation force (ARF) when traveling surface acoustic waves (TSAWs) couple with the fluid at the Rayleigh angle, thus producing two components of the ARF. Most SAW-based microfluidic devices rely on the horizontal component of the ARF to migrate prefocused particles laterally across a microchannel width. Although the magnitude of the vertical component of the ARF is more than twice the magnitude of the horizontal component, it is long ignored due to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannel fabrication limitations and difficulties in particle focusing along the vertical direction. In the present work, a single-layered PDMS microfluidic chip is devised for hydrodynamically focusing particles in the vertical plane while explicitly taking advantage of the horizontal ARF component to slow down the selected particles and the stronger vertical ARF component to push the particles in the upward direction to realize continuous particle separation. The proposed particle separation device offers high-throughput operation with purity >97% and recovery rate >99%. It is simple in its fabrication and versatile due to the single-layered microchannel design, combined with vertical hydrodynamic focusing and the use of both the horizontal and vertical components of the ARF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husnain Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKAISTDaejeon34141South Korea
| | - Ghulam Destgeer
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKAISTDaejeon34141South Korea
| | - Jinsoo Park
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKAISTDaejeon34141South Korea
| | - Jin Ho Jung
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKAISTDaejeon34141South Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Sung
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKAISTDaejeon34141South Korea
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14
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Bian Y, Guo F, Yang S, Mao Z, Bachman H, Tang SY, Ren L, Zhang B, Gong J, Guo X, Huang TJ. Acoustofluidic waveguides for localized control of acoustic wavefront in microfluidics. MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS 2017; 21:132. [PMID: 29358901 PMCID: PMC5774628 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-017-1971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The precise manipulation of acoustic fields in microfluidics is of critical importance for the realization of many biomedical applications. Despite the tremendous efforts devoted to the field of acoustofluidics during recent years, dexterous control, with an arbitrary and complex acoustic wavefront, in a prescribed, microscale region is still out of reach. Here, we introduce the concept of acoustofluidic waveguide, a three-dimensional compact configuration that is capable of locally guiding acoustic waves into a fluidic environment. Through comprehensive numerical simulations, we revealed the possibility of forming complex field patterns with defined pressure nodes within a highly localized, pre-determined region inside the microfluidic chamber. We also demonstrated the tunability of the acoustic field profile through controlling the size and shape of the waveguide geometry, as well as the operational frequency of the acoustic wave. The feasibility of the waveguide concept was experimentally verified via microparticle trapping and patterning. Our acoustofluidic waveguiding structures can be readily integrated with other microfluidic configurations and can be further designed into more complex types of passive acoustofluidic devices. The waveguide platform provides a promising alternative to current acoustic manipulation techniques and is useful in many applications such as single-cell analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, and studies of cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Bian
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Shujie Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zhangming Mao
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Hunter Bachman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Shi-Yang Tang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Liqiang Ren
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Gong
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiasheng Guo
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics (MOE), Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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15
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Tan MK, Siddiqi A, Yeo LY. A Facile and Flexible Method for On-Demand Directional Speed Tunability in the Miniaturised Lab-on-a-Disc. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6652. [PMID: 28751783 PMCID: PMC5532283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The Miniaturised Lab-on-a-Disc (miniLOAD) platform, which utilises surface acoustic waves (SAWs) to drive the rotation of thin millimeter-scale discs on which microchannels can be fabricated and hence microfluidic operations can be performed, offers the possibility of miniaturising its larger counterpart, the Lab-on-a-CD, for true portability in point-of-care applications. A significant limitation of the original miniLOAD concept, however, is that it does not allow for flexible control over the disc rotation direction and speed without manual adjustment of the disc’s position, or the use of multiple devices to alter the SAW frequency. In this work, we demonstrate the possibility of achieving such control with the use of tapered interdigitated transducers to confine a SAW beam such that the localised acoustic streaming it generates imparts a force, through hydrodynamic shear, at a specific location on the disc. Varying the torque that arises as a consequence by altering the input frequency to the transducers then allows the rotational velocity and direction of the disc to be controlled with ease. We derive a simple predictive model to illustrate the principle by which this occurs, which we find agrees well with the experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming K Tan
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia.,School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ariba Siddiqi
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Leslie Y Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia.
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16
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Go DB, Atashbar MZ, Ramshani Z, Chang HC. Surface acoustic wave devices for chemical sensing and microfluidics: A review and perspective. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2017; 9:4112-4134. [PMID: 29151901 PMCID: PMC5685524 DOI: 10.1039/c7ay00690j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Surface acoustic waves (SAWs), are electro-mechanical waves that form on the surface of piezoelectric crystals. Because they are easy to construct and operate, SAW devices have proven to be versatile and powerful platforms for either direct chemical sensing or for upstream microfluidic processing and sample preparation. This review summarizes recent advances in the development of SAW devices for chemical sensing and analysis. The use of SAW techniques for chemical detection in both gaseous and liquid media is discussed, as well as recent fabrication advances that are pointing the way for the next generation of SAW sensors. Similarly, applications and progress in using SAW devices as microfluidic platforms are covered, ranging from atomization and mixing to new approaches to lysing and cell adhesion studies. Finally, potential new directions and perspectives on the field as it moves forward are offered, with a specific focus on potential strategies for making SAW technologies for bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Go
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Masood Z. Atashbar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
| | - Zeinab Ramshani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
| | - Hsueh-Chia Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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17
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Zhou W, Wang J, Wang K, Huang B, Niu L, Li F, Cai F, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang X, Cheng H, Kang L, Meng L, Zheng H. Ultrasound neuro-modulation chip: activation of sensory neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans by surface acoustic waves. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1725-1731. [PMID: 28447086 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00163k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound neuro-modulation has gained increasing attention as a non-invasive method. In this paper, we present an ultrasound neuro-modulation chip, capable of initiating reversal behaviour and activating neurons of C. elegans under the stimulation of a single-shot, short-pulsed ultrasound. About 85.29% ± 6.17% of worms respond to the ultrasound stimulation exhibiting reversal behaviour. Furthermore, the worms can adapt to the ultrasound stimulation with a lower acoustic pulse duration of stimulation. In vivo calcium imaging shows that the activity of ASH, a polymodal sensory neuron in C. elegans, can be directly evoked by the ultrasound stimulation. On the other hand, AFD, a thermal sensitive neuron, cannot be activated by the ultrasound stimulation using the same parameter and the temperature elevation during the stimulation process is relatively small. Consistent with the calcium imaging results, the tax-4 mutants, which are insensitive to temperature increase, do not show a significant difference in avoidance probability compared to the wild type. Therefore, the mechanical effects induced by ultrasound are the main reason for neural and behavioural modulation of C. elegans. With the advantages of confined acoustic energy on the surface, compatible with standard calcium imaging, this neuro-modulation chip could be a powerful tool for revealing the molecular mechanisms of ultrasound neuro-modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, China.
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18
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Ma Z, Collins DJ, Ai Y. Detachable Acoustofluidic System for Particle Separation via a Traveling Surface Acoustic Wave. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5316-23. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Ma
- Pillar of Engineering Product
Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - David J. Collins
- Pillar of Engineering Product
Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Ye Ai
- Pillar of Engineering Product
Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
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19
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Brenker JC, Collins DJ, Van Phan H, Alan T, Neild A. On-chip droplet production regimes using surface acoustic waves. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:1675-83. [PMID: 27045939 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01341k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous droplets suspended in an immiscible carrier fluid are a key tool in microfluidic chemical analysis platforms. The approaches for producing droplets in microfluidic devices can be divided into three general categories: batch emulsification, continuous production and tailored on-demand production. The major distinctions between each category are the rate of production and the degree of control over the droplet formation process in terms of the size and quantity. On-demand methods are highly desirable when, for example, small numbers or even single droplets of one sample type are required at a time. Here, we present a method for the on-demand production of femtolitre droplets, utilising a pressure source generated by high frequency surface acoustic waves (SAW). An increase in the continuous phase flow rate is enabled by a quasi-3D feature at the droplet production nozzle. A wide range of accessible flow rates permits the identification of different physical regimes in which droplets of different dimensions are produced. In the system investigated droplets measuring as little as 200 fl have been produced, ∼1/60th of the minimum volume previously reported. The experimental findings are supported by a numerical model which demonstrates the link between the number of droplets formed and the pulse length used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Brenker
- Laboratory for Micro Systems, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - David J Collins
- Laboratory for Micro Systems, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Hoang Van Phan
- Laboratory for Micro Systems, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Tuncay Alan
- Laboratory for Micro Systems, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Adrian Neild
- Laboratory for Micro Systems, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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20
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Destgeer G, Ha B, Park J, Sung HJ. Lamb Wave-Based Acoustic Radiation Force-Driven Particle Ring Formation Inside a Sessile Droplet. Anal Chem 2016; 88:3976-81. [PMID: 26937678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an acoustofluidic device using Lamb waves (LWs) to manipulate polystyrene (PS) microparticles suspended in a sessile droplet of water. The LW-based acoustofluidic platform used in this study is advantageous in that the device is actuated over a range of frequencies without changing the device structure or electrode pattern. In addition, the device is simple to operate and cheap to fabricate. The LWs, produced on a piezoelectric substrate, attenuate inside the fluid and create acoustic streaming flow (ASF) in the form of a poloidal flow with toroidal vortices. The PS particles experience direct acoustic radiation force (ARF) in addition to being influenced by the ASF, which drive the concentration of particles to form a ring. This phenomenon was previously attributed to the ASF alone, but the present experimental results confirm that the ARF plays an important role in forming the particle ring, which would not be possible in the presence of only the ASF. We used a range of actuation frequencies (45-280 MHz), PS particle diameters (1-10 μm), and droplet volumes (5, 7.5, and 10 μL) to experimentally demonstrate this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Destgeer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Byunghang Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jinsoo Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Sung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
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21
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Collins DJ, Neild A, Ai Y. Highly focused high-frequency travelling surface acoustic waves (SAW) for rapid single-particle sorting. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:471-9. [PMID: 26646200 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01335f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
High-speed sorting is an essential process in a number of clinical and research applications, where single cells, droplets and particles are segregated based on their properties in a continuous flow. With recent developments in the field of microscale actuation, there is increasing interest in replicating the functions available to conventional fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) flow cytometry in integrated on-chip systems, which have substantial advantages in cost and portability. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are ideal for many acoustofluidic applications, and have been used to perform such sorting at rates on the order of kHz. Essential to the accuracy of this sorting, however, is the dimensions of the region over which sorting occurs, where a smaller sorting region can largely avoid inaccurate sorting across a range of sample concentrations. Here we demonstrate the use of flow focusing and a highly focused SAW generated by a high-frequency (386 MHz), 10 μm wavelength set of focused interdigital transducers (FIDTs) on a piezoelectric lithium niobate substrate, yielding an effective sorting region only ~25 μm wide, with sub-millisecond pulses generated at up to kHz rates. Furthermore, because of the use of high frequencies, actuation of particles as small as 2 μm can be realized. Such devices represent a substantial step forward in the evolution of highly localized forces for lab-on-a-chip microfluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Collins
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Adrian Neild
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ye Ai
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
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22
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Guo F, Xie Y, Li S, Lata J, Ren L, Mao Z, Ren B, Wu M, Ozcelik A, Huang TJ. Reusable acoustic tweezers for disposable devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:4517-23. [PMID: 26507411 PMCID: PMC4683015 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01049g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate acoustic tweezers used for disposable devices. Rather than forming an acoustic resonance, we locally transmitted standing surface acoustic waves into a removable, independent polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-glass hybridized microfluidic superstrate device for micromanipulation. By configuring and regulating the displacement nodes on a piezoelectric substrate, cells and particles were effectively patterned and transported into said superstrate, accordingly. With the label-free and contactless nature of acoustic waves, the presented technology could offer a simple, accurate, low-cost, biocompatible, and disposable method for applications in the fields of point-of-care diagnostics and fundamental biomedical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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23
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Destgeer G, Sung HJ. Recent advances in microfluidic actuation and micro-object manipulation via surface acoustic waves. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:2722-38. [PMID: 26016538 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00265f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The realization of microscale total analysis systems and lab-on-a-chip technologies requires efficient actuation (mixing, pumping, atomizing, nebulizing, driving, etc.) of fluids on the microscopic scale and dexterous manipulation (separation, sorting, trapping, concentration, merging, patterning, aligning, focusing, etc.) of micro-objects (cells, droplets, particles, nanotubes, etc.) in open (sessile droplets) as well as confined spaces (microchannels/chambers). These capabilities have been recently achieved using powerful acoustofluidic techniques based on high-frequency (10-1000 MHz) surface acoustic waves (SAWs). SAW-based miniaturized microfluidic devices are best known for their non-invasive properties, low costs, and ability to manipulate micro-objects in a label-free manner. The energy-efficient SAWs are also compatible with conventional microfabrication technologies. The present work critically analyses recent reports describing the use of SAWs in microfluidic actuation and micro-object manipulation. Acoustofluidic techniques may be categorized according to the use of travelling SAWs (TSAWs) or standing SAWs (SSAWs). TSAWs are used to actuate fluids and manipulate micro-objects via acoustic streaming flow (ASF) as well as acoustic radiation force (ARF). SSAWs are mainly used for micro-object manipulation and are rarely employed for microfluidic actuation. We have reviewed reports of new technological developments that have not been covered in other recent reviews. In the end, we describe the future prospects of SAW-based acoustofluidic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Destgeer
- Flow Control Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 305-338, Korea.
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