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A strategic approach for synthesis of benzimidazo[2,1-b]thiazolidinone appended dispirooxindole hybrids via [3 + 2] cycloaddition using fluoro-ethanol as solvent. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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2
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Varpe BD, Kulkarni AA, Jadhav SB, Mali AS, Jadhav SY. Isatin Hybrids and Their Pharmacological Investigations. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1182-1225. [PMID: 33302835 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520999201209213029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization is an important strategy to design molecules that can be effectively used to treat fatal diseases known to mankind. Molecular hybrids and their pharmacological investigations aided in discovering several potent isatin (Indole 2, 3 dione) derivatives with anti-HIV, antimalarial, antitubercular, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. Indole-2,3-dione and their derivatives have diverse pharmacological properties and have a prominent role in the discovery of new drugs. To understand the various approaches for designing new molecules based on isatin nucleus analysis of various pharmacophore hybrids, spacers/linkers between pharmacophores and isatin for hybridization and their biological activities are important. This review discusses the progress in developing isatin hybrids as biologically effective agents and their crucial aspects of design and structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan D Varpe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DKSS's Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Swami Chincholi, Dist-Pune, 413130 Maharashtra, India
| | - Amol A Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DKSS's Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Swami Chincholi, Dist-Pune, 413130 Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailaja B Jadhav
- PES's Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune, 411044, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil S Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DKSS's Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Swami Chincholi, Dist-Pune, 413130 Maharashtra, India
| | - Shravan Y Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, DBF Dayanand College of Arts & Science, Solapur 413002, Maharashtra, India
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3
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Deivasigamani G, Adukamparai Rajukrishnan SB. A sequential multicomponent reaction (SMCR) strategy: Synthesis of novel pyrazolo-1,4-dioxaspiro[4,5]decane grafted spiro-indenoquinoxaline pyrrolidine heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1919901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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4
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In-silico driven design and development of spirobenzimidazo-quinazolines as potential DNA gyrase inhibitors. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111132. [PMID: 33360050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV are promising antibacterial drug targets as they regulate bacterial DNA replication and topology. In a quest for novel DNA topoisomerase inhibitors, a multidisciplinary approach was adopted that involves computational prediction of binding sites and molecular modelling followed by green synthesis and biological evaluation of antibacterial activity of spirobenzimidazo quinazolines derivatives. Using basic quantum chemistry principles, we evaluated spirobenzimidazo quinazolines derivatives with their pharmacokinetic profiles. Based on the results of the aforesaid in-silico studies, we synthesized a series of titled compounds using green synthetic methodology that were validated as potential antimicrobial agents. Quantum chemoinformatics based predicted activity for the synthesized compounds 9b, 9c, and 9j was concomitant with biological evaluation of broadspectrum antibacterial activity. Biological evaluation revealed that inhibition of biofilm formation was due to their potential antibacterial activity. We believe that the novel spirobenzimidazo quinazolines have the potential to be alternatives to aminocoumarins and classical quinazolines upon detailed target specific biological studies.
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5
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Pavithra D, Ethiraj KR, Nawaz Khan F. Cu‐TEMPO Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Friedlander Annulation/sp
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C–H Functionalization/Spiroannulation towards Spiro[indoline‐3,3'‐pyrrolizin]‐2'‐yl)‐4‐phenylquinoline‐3‐Carboxylates. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalavai Pavithra
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology 632014 Vellore Tamil Nadu India
| | - Kannat Radhakrishnan Ethiraj
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology 632014 Vellore Tamil Nadu India
| | - Fazlur‐Rahman Nawaz Khan
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology 632014 Vellore Tamil Nadu India
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6
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Three-Component Access to Functionalized Spiropyrrolidine Heterocyclic Scaffolds and Their Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081963. [PMID: 32340203 PMCID: PMC7221748 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel one-pot [3+2]-cycloaddition reaction of (E)-3-arylidene-1-phenyl-succinimides, cyclic 1,2-diketones (isatin, 5-chloro-isatin and acenaphtenequinone), and diverse α-aminoacids such as 2-phenylglycine or sarcosine is reported. The reaction provides succinimide-substituted dispiropyrrolidine derivatives with high regio- and diastereoselectivities under mild reaction conditions. The stereochemistry of these N-heterocycles has been confirmed by four X-ray diffraction studies. Several synthetized compounds show higher inhibition on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) than butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Of the 17 synthesized compounds tested, five exhibit good AChE inhibition with IC50 of 11.42 to 22.21 µM. A molecular docking study has also been undertaken for compound 4n possessing the most potent AChE inhibitory activity, disclosing its binding to the peripheral anionic site of AChE enzymes.
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7
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Singh R, Saini MR, Bhardwaj D, Singh A. An expedient synthesis of new imino-thiazolidinone grafted dispiro-pyrrolidine-oxindole/indeno hybrids via a multicomponent [3+2] cycloaddition reaction in a deep eutectic solvent. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00801j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A facile and selective synthesis of novel factionalized dispiro-pyrrolidines via a three component [3+2] cycloaddition reaction using a deep eutectic solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Jaipur National University
- Jaipur
- India
| | - Munna Ram Saini
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Jaipur National University
- Jaipur
- India
| | - Diksha Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Jaipur National University
- Jaipur
- India
| | - Aakash Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Jaipur National University
- Jaipur
- India
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8
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Boudriga S, Elmhawech B, Moheddine A. Straightforward and Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of a New Set of Functionalized Dispiropyrrolidines Involving Multicomponent 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition with Azomethine Ylides. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Boudriga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of MonastirLaboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Products and Reactivity/LCHPNR 5000 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Besma Elmhawech
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of MonastirLaboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Products and Reactivity/LCHPNR 5000 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Askri Moheddine
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of MonastirLaboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Products and Reactivity/LCHPNR 5000 Monastir Tunisia
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9
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Rahman M, Mukherjee A, Kovalev IS, Kopchuk DS, Zyryanov GV, Tsurkan MV, Majee A, Ranu BC, Charushin VN, Chupakhin ON, Santra S. Recent Advances on Diverse Decarboxylative Reactions of Amino Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matiur Rahman
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering InstituteUral Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Anindita Mukherjee
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering InstituteUral Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Igor S. Kovalev
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering InstituteUral Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry S. Kopchuk
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering InstituteUral Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic SynthesisUral Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
| | - Grigory V. Zyryanov
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering InstituteUral Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic SynthesisUral Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V. Tsurkan
- Max Bergmann Center of BiomaterialsLeibniz Institute of Polymer Research Hohe Strasse 6 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Adinath Majee
- Department of ChemistryVisva-Bharati (A Central University) Santiniketan 731235 India
| | - Brindaban C. Ranu
- Department of Organic ChemistryIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Valery N. Charushin
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering InstituteUral Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic SynthesisUral Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
| | - Oleg N. Chupakhin
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering InstituteUral Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic SynthesisUral Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. Yekaterinburg 620219 Russian Federation
| | - Sougata Santra
- Department of Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering InstituteUral Federal University 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
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10
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Tang S, Zhang X, Sun J, Niu D, Chruma JJ. 2-Azaallyl Anions, 2-Azaallyl Cations, 2-Azaallyl Radicals, and Azomethine Ylides. Chem Rev 2018; 118:10393-10457. [PMID: 30302999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This review covers the use of 2-azaallyl anions, 2-azaallyl cations, and 2-azaallyl radicals in organic synthesis up through June 2018. Particular attention is paid to both foundational studies and recent advances over the past decade involving semistabilized and nonstabilized 2-azaallyl anions as key intermediates in various carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond-forming processes. Both transition-metal-catalyzed and transition-metal-free transformations are covered. Azomethine ylides, which have received significant attention elsewhere, are discussed briefly with the primary focus on critical comparisons with 2-azaallyl anions in regard to generation and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology (MOE), College of Chemistry, Sino-British Materials Research Institute, College of Physical Sciences & Technology, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology (MOE), College of Chemistry, Sino-British Materials Research Institute, College of Physical Sciences & Technology, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology (MOE), College of Chemistry, Sino-British Materials Research Institute, College of Physical Sciences & Technology, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dawen Niu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology (MOE), College of Chemistry, Sino-British Materials Research Institute, College of Physical Sciences & Technology, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jason J Chruma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology (MOE), College of Chemistry, Sino-British Materials Research Institute, College of Physical Sciences & Technology, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610064 , People's Republic of China
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11
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Karmakar R, Mukhopadhyay C. Regio‐ and Stereoselective Multicomponent Synthesis of Novel Chromeno‐Annulated Pyrrolizine and Thiazolizine Scaffolds via 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Karmakar
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Calcutta 92 APC Road Kolkata-700009 India
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12
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Lotfy G, El Ashry ESH, Said MM, El Tamany ES, Abdel Aziz YM, Al-Dhfyan A, Al-Majid AM, Barakat A. Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of new spirooxindoles via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction: Anticancer and molecular docking studies. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 180:98-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Lotfy G, Said MM, El Ashry ESH, El Tamany ESH, Al-Dhfyan A, Abdel Aziz YM, Barakat A. Synthesis of new spirooxindole-pyrrolothiazole derivatives: Anti-cancer activity and molecular docking. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1514-1523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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14
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Rajkumar V, Babu SA, Padmavathi R. Regio- and diastereoselective construction of a new set of functionalized pyrrolidine, spiropyrrolidine and spiropyrrolizidine scaffolds appended with aryl- and heteroaryl moieties via the azomethine ylide cycloadditions. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Shi G, He X, Shang Y, Xie M. Combinatorial synthesis of spiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrrole] derivatives via a three-component reaction under catalyst-free conditions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23860a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reported here is a convenient catalyst-free method for preparing a series of spiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrroles] from a three-component reaction of isatins, α-amino acid and phenylpropiolic acid esters in refluxing isopropanol with high regioselectivity and yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Xinwei He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Yongjia Shang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Meihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
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16
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Design of novel dispirooxindolopyrrolidine and dispirooxindolopyrrolothiazole derivatives as potential antitubercular agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:4308-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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17
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Dandia A, Singh R, Khan S, Kumari S, Soni P. A rational eco-compatible design strategy for regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of novel dispiropyrrolidine/thiapyrrolizidine hybrids. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.04.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Adiyala PR, Chandrasekhar D, Kapure JS, Reddy CN, Maurya RA. Synthesis of α-amino amidines through molecular iodine-catalyzed three-component coupling of isocyanides, aldehydes and amines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2065-70. [PMID: 25246965 PMCID: PMC4168875 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile and efficient synthetic protocol for the synthesis of α-amino amidines has been developed using a molecular iodine-catalyzed three-component coupling reaction of isocyanides, amines, and aldehydes. The presented strategy offers the advantages of mild reaction conditions, low environmental impact, clean and simple methodology, high atom economy, wide substrate scope and high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Reddy Adiyala
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India
| | - D Chandrasekhar
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India
| | - Jeevak Sopanrao Kapure
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India
| | - Chada Narsimha Reddy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India
| | - Ram Awatar Maurya
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500007, India
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19
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Kapure JS, Reddy CN, Adiyala PR, Nayak R, Nayak VL, Nanubolu JB, Singarapu KK, Maurya RA. Diastereoselective synthesis of spiro[cyclopropane-1,3′-indolin]-2′-ones through metal-free cyclopropanation using tosylhydrazone salts. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05755d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticancer spiro[cyclopropane-1,3′-indolin]-2′-ones are accessible through a transition metal-free diastereoselective cyclopropanation using in situ generated diazo-compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeevak Sopanrao Kapure
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
| | - Chada Narsimha Reddy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
| | - Praveen Reddy Adiyala
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
| | - Ranjita Nayak
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
| | - V. Lakshma Nayak
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Kiran Kumar Singarapu
- Centre for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
| | - Ram Awatar Maurya
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
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