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Zhang C, Wang Y, Chen Y, Ma X, Chen W. Droplet-Based Microfluidic Preparation of Shape-Variable Alginate Hydrogel Magnetic Micromotors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 12:115. [PMID: 35010065 PMCID: PMC8796028 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This article introduces a facile droplet-based microfluidic method for the preparation of Fe3O4-incorporated alginate hydrogel magnetic micromotors with variable shapes. By using droplet-based microfluidics and water diffusion, monodisperse (quasi-)spherical microparticles of sodium alginate and Fe3O4 (Na-Alg/Fe3O4) are obtained. The diameter varies from 31.9 to 102.7 µm with the initial concentration of Na-Alginate in dispersed fluid ranging from 0.09 to 9 mg/mL. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is used for gelation, immediately transforming Na-Alg/Fe3O4 microparticles into Ca-Alginate hydrogel microparticles incorporating Fe3O4 nanoparticles, i.e., Ca-Alg/Fe3O4 micromotors. Spherical, droplet-like, and worm-like shapes are yielded depending on the concentration of CaCl2, which is explained by crosslinking and anisotropic swelling during the gelation. The locomotion of Ca-Alg/Fe3O4 micromotors is activated by applying external magnetic fields. Under the rotating magnetic field (5 mT, 1-15 Hz), spherical Ca-Alg/Fe3O4 micromotors exhibit an average advancing velocity up to 158.2 ± 8.6 µm/s, whereas worm-like Ca-Alg/Fe3O4 micromotors could be rotated for potential advancing. Under the magnetic field gradient (3 T/m), droplet-like Ca-Alg/Fe3O4 micromotors are pulled forward with the average velocity of 70.7 ± 2.8 µm/s. This article provides an inspiring and timesaving approach for the preparation of shape-variable hydrogel micromotors without using complex patterns or sophisticated facilities, which holds potential for biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xing Ma
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Wenjun Chen
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
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Hejmady P, van Breemen LC, Anderson PD, Cardinaels R. A processing route to spherical polymer particles via controlled droplet retraction. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kratz K, Heuchel M, Weigel T, Lendlein A. Surface hydrophilization of highly porous poly(ether imide) microparticles by covalent attachment of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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The effect of ethanol evaporation on the properties of inkjet produced liposomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:271-280. [PMID: 32303981 PMCID: PMC7214573 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Inkjet method has been used to produce nano-sized liposomes with a uniform size distribution. However, following the production of liposomes by inkjet method, the solvent residue in the product could have a significant effect on the properties of the final liposomes. Objective This research paper aimed to find a suitable method to remove ethanol content and to study its effect on the properties of the final liposomal suspension. Method Egg phosphatidylcholine and lidocaine were dissolved in ethanol; and inkjet method at 80 kHz was applied to produce uniform droplets, which were deposited in an aqueous solution to form liposomes. Dry nitrogen gas flow, air-drying, and rotary evaporator were tested to remove the ethanol content. Liposome properties such as size, polydispersity index (PDI), and charge were screened before and after ethanol evaporation. Results Only rotary evaporator (at constant speed and room temperature for 2 h) removed all of the ethanol content, with a final drug entrapment efficiency (EE) of 29.44 ± 6.77%. This was higher than a conventional method. Furthermore, removing ethanol led to liposome size reduction from approximately 200 nm to less than 100 nm in most samples. Additionally, this increased the liposomal net charge, which contributed to maintain the uniform and narrow size distribution of liposomes. Conclusion Nano-sized liposomes were produced with a narrow PDI and higher EE compared to a conventional method by using an inkjet method. Moreover, rotary evaporator for 2 h reduced effectively the ethanol content, while maintaining the narrow size distribution. Graphical abstract ![]()
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A microfluidic method generating monodispersed microparticles with controllable sizes and mechanical properties. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.115322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Inkjet printing platform for fabrication of uniform, excipient-free drug particles for pulmonary delivery in a preclinical setting. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sun M, Xu D, Wang S, Uchiyama K. Inkjet-Based Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Method Coupled with UHPLC–MS/MS for the Determination of Aflatoxins in Wheat. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3027-3034. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Sicen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Katsumi Uchiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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Zhang W, Li N, Zhang Y, Zeng H, Uchiyama K, Lin JM. Shell microparticles of morphology controlled and inner-modified hole from sequential inkjet-printed double emulsions. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhang W, Li N, Koga D, Zhang Y, Zeng H, Nakajima H, Lin JM, Uchiyama K. Inkjet Printing Based Droplet Generation for Integrated Online Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5329-5334. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weifei Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Daisuke Koga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hulie Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hizuru Nakajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Katsumi Uchiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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Udoh CE, Cabral JT, Garbin V. Nanocomposite capsules with directional, pulsed nanoparticle release. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:eaao3353. [PMID: 29234728 PMCID: PMC5725263 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao3353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The precise spatiotemporal delivery of nanoparticles from polymeric capsules is required for applications ranging from medicine to materials science. These capsules derive key performance aspects from their overall shape and dimensions, porosity, and internal microstructure. To this effect, microfluidics provide an exceptional platform for emulsification and subsequent capsule formation. However, facile and robust approaches for nanocomposite capsule fabrication, exhibiting triggered nanoparticle release, remain elusive because of the complex coupling of polymer-nanoparticle phase behavior, diffusion, phase inversion, and directional solidification. We investigate a model system of polyelectrolyte sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) and 22-nm colloidal silica and demonstrate a robust capsule morphology diagram, achieving a range of internal morphologies, including nucleated and bicontinuous microstructures, as well as isotropic and non-isotropic external shapes. Upon dissolution in water, we find that capsules formed with either neat polymers or neat nanoparticles dissolve rapidly and isotropically, whereas bicontinuous, hierarchical, composite capsules dissolve via directional pulses of nanoparticle clusters without disrupting the scaffold, with time scales tunable from seconds to hours. The versatility, facile assembly, and response of these nanocomposite capsules thus show great promise in precision delivery.
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Udoh CE, Garbin V, Cabral JT. Microporous Polymer Particles via Phase Inversion in Microfluidics: Impact of Nonsolvent Quality. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:8131-8140. [PMID: 27448632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the impact of ternary phase behavior on the microstructure of porous polymer particles produced by solvent extraction of polymer solution droplets by a nonsolvent. Microfluidic devices fabricated by frontal photopolymerization are employed to produce monodisperse polymer (P)/solvent (S) droplets suspended in a carrier (C) phase before inducing solvent extraction by precipitation in a nonsolvent (NS) bath. Model systems of sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) (P), water (S), hexadecane (C), and either methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or ethyl acetate (EA) as NS are selected. Extraction across the liquid-liquid interface results in a decrease in the droplet radius and also an ingress of nonsolvent, leading to droplet phase demixing and coarsening. As the concentration of the polymer-rich phase increases, droplet shrinkage and solvent exchange slow down and eventually cease, resulting in microporous polymer particles (of radius ≃50-200 μm) with a smooth surface. The internal structure of these capsules, with pore sizes of ≃1-100 μm, is found to be controlled by polymer solution thermodynamics and the extraction pathway. The ternary phase diagrams are measured by turbidimetry, and the kinetics of phase separation is estimated by stopped-flow small-angle neutron scattering. The higher solubility of water in MEK results in faster particle-formation kinetics than in EA. Surprisingly, however, the lower polymer miscibility with EA/water results in a deeper quench inside the phase boundary and small phase sizes, thus yielding particles with small pores (of narrow distribution). The effects of droplet size, polymer content, and nonsolvent quality provide comprehensive insight into porous particle and capsule formation by phase inversion, with a range of practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana E Udoh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Valeria Garbin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - João T Cabral
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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Yang J, Katagiri D, Mao S, Zeng H, Nakajima H, Kato S, Uchiyama K. Inkjet printing based assembly of thermoresponsive core–shell polymer microcapsules for controlled drug release. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4156-4163. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00424e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A thermoresponsive polymer microcapsule with a hollow core–porous shell structure was fabricated based on inkjet printing, which can be used to control drug release by changing the temperature at around 38 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Daisuke Katagiri
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Sifeng Mao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Hulie Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Hizuru Nakajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Shungo Kato
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Katsumi Uchiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
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