1
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Yang HM, Lee C, Min J, Ha N, Bae D, Nam G, Park HJ. Development of a tetrahydroindazolone-based HDAC6 inhibitor with in-vivo anti-arthritic activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 99:117587. [PMID: 38237257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages; therefore, HDAC inhibitors may be beneficial for the treatment of macrophage-associated immune disorders and chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Structure-activity relationship studies were conducted on various phenyl hydroxamate HDAC6 inhibitors with indolone/indazolone-based bi- or tricyclic ring moieties as the cap group aiming to develop novel anti-arthritic drug candidates. Several compounds exhibited nanomolar activity and HDAC6 selectivity greater than 500-fold over HDAC1. Compound 21, a derivative with the tetrahydroindazolone cap group, is a potent HDAC6 inhibitor with an IC50 of 18 nM and 217-fold selectivity over HDAC1 and showed favorable oral bioavailability in animals. Compound 21 increases the acetylation level of tubulin without affecting histone acetylation in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cells and inhibits TNF-α secretion in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. The anti-arthritic effects of compound 21 were evaluated using a rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model. Treatment with compound 21 significantly reduced the arthritis score, and combination treatment with methotrexate showed a synergistic effect in AIA models. We identified a novel HDAC6 inhibitor, compound 21, with excellent in vivo anti-arthritic efficacy, which can lead to the development of oral anti-arthritic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Mo Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea; Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceuticals, Gyeonggi-do 16995, South Korea
| | - Changsik Lee
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceuticals, Gyeonggi-do 16995, South Korea
| | - Jaeki Min
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea; Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceuticals, Gyeonggi-do 16995, South Korea
| | - Nina Ha
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceuticals, Gyeonggi-do 16995, South Korea
| | - Daekwon Bae
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceuticals, Gyeonggi-do 16995, South Korea
| | - Gibeom Nam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea.
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2
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Design, synthesis, and biological evalution of bifunctional inhibitors against Hsp90-HDAC6 interplay. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114582. [PMID: 35834905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
HDAC6 and Hsp90, existing as a cytosolic complex play an important role in maintaining the protein homeostasis. The interplay of HDAC6 and Hsp90 has attracted wide attention due to their important role and promise as therapeutic targets in malignant cancers. Therefore, the discovery of dual inhibitors targeting HDAC6 and Hsp90 is of high importance. In the present study, we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of bifunctional inhibitors against HDAC6 and Hsp90 interplay. In particular, compound 6e shows a significant inhibitory activity against both HDAC6 and Hsp90 with IC50 values of 106 nM and 61 nM, respectively. Compound 6e promotes the acetylation of HDAC6 substrate proteins such as α-tubulin and Hsp90 via HDAC6 inhibition, and also induces the degradation of Hsp90 clients such as Her2, EGFR, Met, Akt, and HDAC6 via Hsp90 inhibition. Compound 6e consequently furnishes potent antiproliferative effect on gefitinib-resistant H1975 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a GI50 value of 1.7 μM. In addition, compound 6e successfully achieved significant tumor growth inhibition in H1975 NSCLC xenograft model without noticeable abnormal behavior, body weight changes, and apparent ocular toxicity. We conclude that compound 6e constitutes an excellent tool as well as a valuable lead for assessment of Hsp90 and HDAC6 dual inhibition with a single molecule.
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3
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Abstract
Lead optimization represents the tedious process of fine-tuning lead compounds from biologically active hits to suitable drug candidates for clinical trials. By chemically modifying a hit structure, an improved compound can be obtained in terms of activity, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) properties. The carboxylic acid moiety is known to be a crucial functionality in many pharmaceutically active compounds. Despite its common use as a key functionality in drugs, its presence in a lead molecule is often associated with poor pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity. In this literature overview, we discuss how the shortcomings of a carboxylic acid can be circumvented by replacing this functionality with bioisosteres. In this way, the positive aspects of this moiety, such as its activity, for example, by virtue of its capacity to form hydrogen bonds, can be maintained or even improved. To that end, we provide an overview of the most promising carboxylic acid bioisosteres and discuss a selection of synthetic routes towards the main functionalities.
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4
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Geurs S, Clarisse D, Baele F, Franceus J, Desmet T, De Bosscher K, D'hooghe M. Identification of mercaptoacetamide-based HDAC6 inhibitors via a lean inhibitor strategy: screening, synthesis, and biological evaluation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6239-6242. [PMID: 35510683 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-selective inhibition of different histone deacetylase enzymes by hydroxamic acid-based drugs causes severe side effects when used as a (long-term) cancer treatment. In this work, we searched for a potent zinc-binding group able to replace the contested hydroxamic acid by employing a lean inhibitor strategy. This instructed the synthesis of a set of HDAC6-selective inhibitors containing the more desirable mercaptoacetamide moiety. Biological evaluation of these new compounds showed an IC50 in the nanomolar range, dose-dependent HDAC6 inhibition in MM1.S cells and improved genotoxicity results, rendering these new inhibitors valuable hits for applications even beyond oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Geurs
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. .,Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Dorien Clarisse
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Freya Baele
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jorick Franceus
- Center for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- Center for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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5
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Li S, Zhao C, Zhang G, Xu Q, Liu Q, Zhao W, James Chou C, Zhang Y. Development of selective HDAC6 inhibitors with in vitro and in vivo anti-multiple myeloma activity. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105278. [PMID: 34474303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune disorders. Herein a novel series of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based HDAC inhibitors were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated, among which compounds 7a, 12a1, and 16a1 exhibited potent inhibitory activities and selectivities against HDAC6. Notably, compared with the well-known HDAC6 inhibitor Tubastatin A, our pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based HDAC6 inhibitors showed superior in vitro antiproliferative activity against human multiple myeloma cell lines RPMI 8226, U266 and MM.1S, while maintaining the low cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and two normal cell lines. The HDAC6 selective inhibition of one representative compound 12a1 in RPMI 8226 cells was confirmed by western blot analysis. Although pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine is a privileged structure in many kinase inhibitors, compound 12a1 showed negligible inhibition against several kinases including JAK family members and Akt1, indicating its acceptable off-target profile. Besides, compound 12a1 exhibited desirable metabolic stability in mouse liver microsome. The in vivo anti-multiple myeloma potency of 12a1, alone and in combination with bortezomib, was demonstrated in a RPMI 8226 xenograft model.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Development
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Histone Deacetylase 6/antagonists & inhibitors
- Histone Deacetylase 6/metabolism
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/chemistry
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Microsomes, Liver/chemistry
- Microsomes, Liver/metabolism
- Molecular Structure
- Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy
- Multiple Myeloma/metabolism
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunda Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Chunlong Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Guozhen Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Qifu Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - C James Chou
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
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6
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Pulya S, Amin SA, Adhikari N, Biswas S, Jha T, Ghosh B. HDAC6 as privileged target in drug discovery: A perspective. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105274. [PMID: 33171304 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
HDAC6, a class IIB HDAC isoenzyme, stands unique in its structural and physiological functions. Besides histone modification, largely due to its cytoplasmic localization, HDAC6 also targets several non-histone proteins including Hsp90, α-tubulin, cortactin, HSF1, etc. Thus, it is one of the key regulators of different physiological and pathological disease conditions. HDAC6 is involved in different signaling pathways associated with several neurological disorders, various cancers at early and advanced stage, rare diseases and immunological conditions. Therefore, targeting HDAC6 has been found to be effective for various therapeutic purposes in recent years. Though several HDAC6 inhibitors (HDAC6is) have been developed till date, only two ACY-1215 (ricolinostat) and ACY-241 (citarinostat) are in the clinical trials. A lot of work is still needed to pinpoint strictly selective as well as potent HDAC6i. Considering the recent crystal structure of HDAC6, novel HDAC6is of significant therapeutic value can be designed. Notably, the canonical pharmacophore features of HDAC6is consist of a zinc binding group (ZBG), a linker function and a cap group. Significant modifications of cap function may lead to achieve better selectivity of the inhibitors. This review details the study about the structural biology of HDAC6, the physiological and pathological role of HDAC6 in several disease states and the detailed structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the known HDAC6is. This detailed review will provide key insights to design novel and highly effective HDAC6i in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravani Pulya
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Sk Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, P. O. Box 17020, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, P. O. Box 17020, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, P. O. Box 17020, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India.
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7
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Recent advances in small molecular modulators targeting histone deacetylase 6. FUTURE DRUG DISCOVERY 2020. [DOI: 10.4155/fdd-2020-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a unique isozyme in the HDAC family with various distinguished characters. HDAC6 is predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and has several specific nonhistone substrates, such as α-tubulin, cortactin, Hsp90, tau and peroxiredoxins. Accumulating evidence reveals that targeting HDAC6 may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancers, neurological disorders and immune diseases, making the development of HDAC6 inhibitors particularly attractive. Recently, multitarget drug design and proteolysis targeting chimera technology have also been applied in the discovery of novel small molecular modulators targeting HDAC6. In this review, we briefly describe the structural features and biological functions of HDAC6 and discuss the recent advances in HDAC6 modulators, including selective inhibitors, chimeric inhibitors and proteolysis targeting chimeras for multiple therapeutic purposes.
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8
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Tavares MT, Kozikowski AP, Shen S. Mercaptoacetamide: A promising zinc-binding group for the discovery of selective histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112887. [PMID: 33035922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a zinc-dependent HDAC that mainly modulates the acetylation status of non-histone substrates, such as α-tubulin and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). The activity of HDAC6 plays a critical role in cell proliferation, protein trafficking and degradation, cell shape, migration, as well as regulation of immunomodulatory factors. For this reason, HDAC6 influences the progress of cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune responses. In the last few years, the discovery of selective HDAC6 inhibitors (HDAC6is) has become an attractive research area as five HDAC6is are being investigated in phase I/II clinical trials. However, the hydroxamic acid functional group still represents the predominant zinc-binding group (ZBG), that often suffers from poor pharmacokinetics and mutagenic potential, thus impairing the application of hydroxamate-based HDAC6is for long-term therapies. On the other hand, mercaptoacetamide (MCA)-based HDAC6is comprise a class of compounds that, in some cases, display nanomolar HDAC6 potency and a thousand-fold selectivity over class I HDAC isozymes. Moreover, MCA-based HDAC6is lack the mutagenicity associated with the hydroxamate function and display pharmacological effects, demonstrating the potential of this particular ZBG to improve upon the drug-like properties of HDAC6is. Herein, we summarize for the first time the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of MCA-based HDAC6is, discuss their HDAC6 selectivity at the molecular level using inhibitor-HDAC co-crystal structures, and further provide our perspective regarding their drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício T Tavares
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, 33458, United States
| | | | - Sida Shen
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, And Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.
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9
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of dual targeting inhibitors of histone deacetylase 6/8 and bromodomain BRPF1. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112338. [PMID: 32497960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Histone modifying proteins, specifically histone deacetylases (HDACs) and bromodomains, have emerged as novel promising targets for anticancer therapy. In the current work, based on available crystal structures and docking studies, we designed dual inhibitors of both HDAC6/8 and the bromodomain and PHD finger containing protein 1 (BRPF1). Biochemical and biophysical tests showed that compounds 23a,b and 37 are nanomolar inhibitors of both target proteins. Detailed structure-activity relationships were deduced for the synthesized inhibitors which were supported by extensive docking and molecular dynamics studies. Cellular testing in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells showed only a weak effect, most probably because of the poor permeability of the inhibitors. We also aimed to analyse the target engagement and the cellular activity of the novel inhibitors by determining the protein acetylation levels in cells by western blotting (tubulin vs histone acetylation), and by assessing their effects on various cancer cell lines.
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10
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Shen S, Kozikowski AP. A patent review of histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors in neurodegenerative diseases (2014-2019). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2020; 30:121-136. [PMID: 31865813 PMCID: PMC6950832 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2019.1708901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is unique in comparison with other zinc-dependent HDAC family members. An increasing amount of evidence from clinical and preclinical research demonstrates the potential of HDAC6 inhibition as an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, as well as neurological disorders. The recently disclosed crystal structures of HDAC6-ligand complexes offer further means for achieving pharmacophore refinement, thus further accelerating the pace of HDAC6 inhibitor discovery in the last few years.Area covered: This review summarizes the latest clinical status of HDAC6 inhibitors, discusses pharmacological applications of selective HDAC6 inhibitors in neurodegenerative diseases, and describes the patent applications dealing with HDAC6 inhibitors from 2014-2019 that have not been reported in research articles.Expert opinion: Phenylhydroxamate has proven a very useful scaffold in the discovery of potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitors. However, weaknesses of the hydroxamate function such as metabolic instability and mutagenic potential limit its application in the neurological field, where long-term administration is required. The recent invention of oxadiazole-based ligands by pharmaceutical companies may provide a new opportunity to optimize the druglike properties of HDAC6 inhibitors for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Shen
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
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11
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Soumyanarayanan U, Ramanujulu PM, Mustafa N, Haider S, Fang Nee AH, Tong JX, Tan KS, Chng WJ, Dymock BW. Discovery of a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) 3/6 selective dual inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Shen S, Hadley M, Ustinova K, Pavlicek J, Knox T, Noonepalle S, Tavares MT, Zimprich CA, Zhang G, Robers MB, Bařinka C, Kozikowski AP, Villagra A. Discovery of a New Isoxazole-3-hydroxamate-Based Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor SS-208 with Antitumor Activity in Syngeneic Melanoma Mouse Models. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8557-8577. [PMID: 31414801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Isoxazole is a five-membered heterocycle that is widely used in drug discovery endeavors. Here, we report the design, synthesis, and structural and biological characterization of SS-208, a novel HDAC6-selective inhibitor containing the isoxazole-3-hydroxamate moiety as a zinc-binding group as well as a hydrophobic linker. A crystal structure of the Danio rerio HDAC6/SS-208 complex reveals a bidentate coordination of the active-site zinc ion that differs from the preferred monodentate coordination observed for HDAC6 complexes with phenylhydroxamate-based inhibitors. While SS-208 has minimal effects on the viability of murine SM1 melanoma cells in vitro, it significantly reduced in vivo tumor growth in a murine SM1 syngeneic melanoma mouse model. These findings suggest that the antitumor activity of SS-208 is mainly mediated by immune-related antitumor activity as evidenced by the increased infiltration of CD8+ and NK+ T cells and the enhanced ratio of M1 and M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Shen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Melissa Hadley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine , The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia 20052 , United States
| | - Kseniya Ustinova
- Laboratory of Structural Biology , Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prumyslova 595 , 252 50 Vestec , Czech Republic.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Science , Charles University , Albertov 6 , 128 43 Prague 2 , Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Pavlicek
- Laboratory of Structural Biology , Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prumyslova 595 , 252 50 Vestec , Czech Republic
| | - Tessa Knox
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine , The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia 20052 , United States
| | - Satish Noonepalle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine , The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia 20052 , United States
| | - Mauricio T Tavares
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Chad A Zimprich
- Promega Corporation , Madison , Wisconsin 53711 , United States
| | - Guiping Zhang
- Bontac Bio-Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518102 , China
| | | | - Cyril Bařinka
- Laboratory of Structural Biology , Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prumyslova 595 , 252 50 Vestec , Czech Republic
| | - Alan P Kozikowski
- StarWise Therapeutics LLC, University Research Park, Inc. , Madison , Wisconsin 53719 , United States
| | - Alejandro Villagra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine , The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia 20052 , United States
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13
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Benoy V, Van Helleputte L, Prior R, d'Ydewalle C, Haeck W, Geens N, Scheveneels W, Schevenels B, Cader MZ, Talbot K, Kozikowski AP, Vanden Berghe P, Van Damme P, Robberecht W, Van Den Bosch L. HDAC6 is a therapeutic target in mutant GARS-induced Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Brain 2019; 141:673-687. [PMID: 29415205 PMCID: PMC5837793 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve axons require a well-organized axonal microtubule network for efficient transport to ensure the constant crosstalk between soma and synapse. Mutations in more than 80 different genes cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, which is the most common inherited disorder affecting peripheral nerves. This genetic heterogeneity has hampered the development of therapeutics for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. The aim of this study was to explore whether histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) can serve as a therapeutic target focusing on the mutant glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS/GARS)-induced peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia from the C201R mutant Gars mouse model showed reduced acetylated α-tubulin levels. In primary dorsal root ganglion neurons, mutant GlyRS affected neurite length and disrupted normal mitochondrial transport. We demonstrated that GlyRS co-immunoprecipitated with HDAC6 and that this interaction was blocked by tubastatin A, a selective inhibitor of the deacetylating function of HDAC6. Moreover, HDAC6 inhibition restored mitochondrial axonal transport in mutant GlyRS-expressing neurons. Systemic delivery of a specific HDAC6 inhibitor increased α-tubulin acetylation in peripheral nerves and partially restored nerve conduction and motor behaviour in mutant Gars mice. Our study demonstrates that α-tubulin deacetylation and disrupted axonal transport may represent a common pathogenic mechanism underlying Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and it broadens the therapeutic potential of selective HDAC6 inhibition to other genetic forms of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronick Benoy
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lawrence Van Helleputte
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Prior
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Constantin d'Ydewalle
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wanda Haeck
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natasja Geens
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wendy Scheveneels
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Begga Schevenels
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Zameel Cader
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Alan P Kozikowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Drug Discovery Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.,University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Robberecht
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.,University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,VIB - Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
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14
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Histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) and its inhibitors with selectivity to other isoforms: An overview. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 164:214-240. [PMID: 30594678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The histone deacetylases (HDACs) enzymes provided crucial role in transcriptional regulation of cells through deacetylation of nuclear histone proteins. Discoveries related to the HDAC8 enzyme activity signified the importance of HDAC8 isoform in cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, cancer, neuronal disorders, parasitic/viral infections and other epigenetic regulations. The pan-HDAC inhibitors can confront these conditions but have chances to affect epigenetic functions of other HDAC isoforms. Designing of selective HDAC8 inhibitors is a key feature to combat the pathophysiological and diseased conditions involving the HDAC8 activity. This review is concerned about the structural and positional aspects of HDAC8 in the HDAC family. It also covers the contributions of HDAC8 in the pathophysiological conditions, a preliminary discussion about the recent scenario of HDAC8 inhibitors. This review might help to deliver the structural, functional and computational information in order to identify and design potent and selective HDAC8 inhibitors for target specific treatment of diseases involving HDAC8 enzymatic activity.
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15
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Novel spiroindoline HDAC inhibitors: Synthesis, molecular modelling and biological studies. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:127-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Zeb A, Park C, Son M, Rampogu S, Alam SI, Park SJ, Lee KW. Investigation of non-hydroxamate scaffolds against HDAC6 inhibition: A pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation approach. J Bioinform Comput Biol 2018; 16:1840015. [PMID: 29945500 DOI: 10.1142/s0219720018400152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Proteins deacetylation by Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been shown in various human chronic diseases like neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, and hence is an important therapeutic target. Since, the existing inhibitors have hydroxamate group, and are not HDAC6-selective, therefore, this study has designed to investigate non-hydroxamate HDAC6 inhibitors. Ligand-based pharmacophore was generated from 26 training set compounds of HDAC6 inhibitors. The statistical parameters of pharmacophore (Hypo1) included lowest total cost of 115.63, highest cost difference of 135.00, lowest RMSD of 0.70 and the highest correlation of 0.98. The pharmacophore was validated by Fischer's Randomization and Test Set validation, and used as screening tool for chemical databases. The screened compounds were filtered by fit value ([Formula: see text]), estimated Inhibitory Concentration (IC[Formula: see text]) ([Formula: see text]), Lipinski's Rule of Five and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) Descriptors to identify drug-like compounds. Furthermore, the drug-like compounds were docked into the active site of HDAC6. The best docked compounds were selected having goldfitness score [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and hydrogen bond interaction with catalytic active residues. Finally, three inhibitors having sulfamoyl group were selected by Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation, which showed stable root mean square deviation (RMSD) (1.6-1.9[Formula: see text]Å), lowest potential energy ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]kJ/mol), and hydrogen bonding with catalytic active residues of HDAC6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Zeb
- * Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.,† System and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanin Park
- * Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.,† System and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Minky Son
- * Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.,† System and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Shailima Rampogu
- * Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.,† System and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Syed Ibrar Alam
- * Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.,† System and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ju Park
- ‡ Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- * Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.,† System and Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (SSAC), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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17
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Recent advances in the discovery of potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:1406-1418. [PMID: 29133060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase HDAC6, a member of the class IIb HDAC family, is unique among HDAC enzymes in having two active catalytic domains, and has unique physiological function. In addition to the modification of histone, HDAC6 targets specific substrates including α-tubulin and HSP90, and are involved in protein trafficking and degradation, cell shape and migration. Selective HDAC6 inhibitors are an emerging class of pharmaceuticals due to the involvement of HDAC6 in different pathways related to neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and immunology. Therefore, extensive investigations have been made in the discovery of selective HDAC6 inhibitors. Based on their different zinc binding groups (ZBGs), in this review, HDAC6 inhibitors are grouped as hydroxamic acids, a sulfur containing ZBG based derivatives and other ZBG-derived compounds, and their enzymatic inhibitory activity, selectivity and other biological activities are introduced and summarized.
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18
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Glucocorticoid Receptor-mediated transactivation is hampered by Striatin-3, a novel interaction partner of the receptor. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8941. [PMID: 28827617 PMCID: PMC5567040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional activity of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is co-determined by its ability to recruit a vast and varying number of cofactors. We here identify Striatin-3 (STRN3) as a novel interaction partner of GR that interferes with GR’s ligand-dependent transactivation capacity. Remarkably, STRN3 selectively affects only GR-dependent transactivation and leaves GR-dependent transrepression mechanisms unhampered. We found that STRN3 down-regulates GR transactivation by an additional recruitment of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PPP2CA) to GR. We hypothesize the existence of a functional trimeric complex in the nucleus, able to dephosphorylate GR at serine 211, a known marker for GR transactivation in a target gene-dependent manner. The presence of STRN3 appears an absolute prerequisite for PPP2CA to engage in a complex with GR. Herein, the C-terminal domain of GR is essential, reflecting ligand-dependency, yet other receptor parts are also needed to create additional contacts with STRN3.
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19
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Keri RS, Chand K, Budagumpi S, Balappa Somappa S, Patil SA, Nagaraja BM. An overview of benzo[b]thiophene-based medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:1002-1033. [PMID: 28759875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Among sulfur containing heterocycles, benzothiophene and its derivatives are at the focus as these candidates have structural similarities with active compounds to develop new potent lead molecules in drug design. Benzo[b]thiophene scaffold is one of the privileged structures in drug discovery as this core exhibits various biological activities allowing them to act as anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tubercular, anti-diabetic, anti-convulsant agents and many more. Further, numerous benzothiophene-based compounds as clinical drugs have been extensively used to treat various types of diseases with high therapeutic potency, which has led to their extensive developments. Due to the wide range of biological activities of benzothiophene, their structure activity relationships (SAR) have generated interest among medicinal chemists, and this has culminated in the discovery of several lead molecules against numerous diseases. The present review is endeavoring to highlight the progress in the various pharmacological activities of benzo[b]thiophene derivatives. It is hoped that this review will be helpful for new thoughts in the quest for rational designs of more active and less toxic benzothiophene-based medicinal drugs, as well as more effective diagnostic agents and pathologic probes. Also, SAR studies that highlight the chemical groups responsible for evoking the potential activities of benzothiophene derivatives are studied and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangappa S Keri
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram, Bangalore 562112, India.
| | - Karam Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Srinivasa Budagumpi
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram, Bangalore 562112, India
| | - Sasidhar Balappa Somappa
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Organic Chemistry Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Siddappa A Patil
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram, Bangalore 562112, India
| | - Bhari Mallanna Nagaraja
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Ramanagaram, Bangalore 562112, India
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20
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Synthesis and applications of benzohydroxamic acid-based histone deacetylase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:174-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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21
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Benoy V, Vanden Berghe P, Jarpe M, Van Damme P, Robberecht W, Van Den Bosch L. Development of Improved HDAC6 Inhibitors as Pharmacological Therapy for Axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease. Neurotherapeutics 2017; 14:417-428. [PMID: 27957719 PMCID: PMC5398982 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-016-0501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common inherited peripheral neuropathy, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 2500. The degeneration of motor and sensory nerve axons leads to motor and sensory symptoms that progress over time and have an important impact on the daily life of these patients. Currently, there is no curative treatment available. Recently, we identified histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), which deacetylates α-tubulin, as a potential therapeutic target in axonal CMT (CMT2). Pharmacological inhibition of the deacetylating function of HDAC6 reversed the motor and sensory deficits in a mouse model for mutant "small heat shock protein B1" (HSPB1)-induced CMT2 at the behavioral and electrophysiological level. In order to translate this potential therapeutic strategy into a clinical application, small drug-like molecules that are potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitors are essential. To screen for these, we developed a method that consisted of 3 distinct phases and that was based on the pathological findings in the mutant HSPB1-induced CMT2 mouse model. Three different inhibitors (ACY-738, ACY-775, and ACY-1215) were tested and demonstrated to be both potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitors. Moreover, these inhibitors increased the innervation of the neuromuscular junctions in the gastrocnemius muscle and improved the motor and sensory nerve conduction, confirming that HDAC6 inhibition is a potential therapeutic strategy in CMT2. Furthermore, ACY-1215 is an interesting lead molecule as it is currently tested in clinical trials for cancer. Taken together, these results may speed up the translation of pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 into a therapy against CMT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronick Benoy
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Philip Van Damme
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Robberecht
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), University of Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- VIB, Center for Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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22
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Abstract
Aim: The recurring resistance of the malaria parasite to many drugs compels the design of innovative chemical entities in antimalarial research. Pan-histone deacetylase inhibitors (pan-HDACis) have recently been presented in the literature as powerful novel antimalarials, although their application is hampered due to toxic side effects. This drawback might be neutralized by the deployment of isoform-selective HDACis. Results: In this study, 42 thiaheterocyclic benzohydroxamic acids, 17 of them being potent and selective hHDAC6 inhibitors, were tested to investigate a possible correlation between hHDAC6 inhibition and antiplasmodial activity. Conclusion: Four hHDAC6 inhibitors showed submicromolar potency against both a chloroquine-sensitive and a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum with high selectivity indices, pointing to the relevance of exploring hHDAC6 inhibitors as potential new antiplasmodial agents.
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23
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Raji I, Ahluwalia K, Oyelere AK. Design, synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of melanoma-targeted histone deacetylase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:744-749. [PMID: 28131715 PMCID: PMC5314971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The clinical validation of histone deacetylase inhibition as a cancer therapeutic modality has stimulated interest in the development of new generation of potent and tumor selective histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). With the goal of selective delivery of the HDACi to melanoma cells, we incorporated the benzamide, a high affinity melanin-binding template, into the design of HDACi to generate a new series of compounds 10a-b and 11a-b which display high potency towards HDAC1 and HDAC6. However, these compounds have attenuated antiproliferative activities relative to the untargeted HDACi. An alternative strategy furnished compound 14, a prodrug bearing the benzamide template linked via a labile bond to a hydroxamate-based HDACi. This pro-drug compound showed promising antiproliferative activity and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Raji
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA
| | - Kabir Ahluwalia
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA.
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24
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De Vreese R, Galle L, Depetter Y, Franceus J, Desmet T, Van Hecke K, Benoy V, Van Den Bosch L, D'hooghe M. Synthesis of Potent and Selective HDAC6 Inhibitors Bearing a Cyclohexane- or Cycloheptane-Annulated 1,5-Benzothiazepine Scaffold. Chemistry 2016; 23:128-136. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rob De Vreese
- SynBioC Research Group; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Lisa Galle
- SynBioC Research Group; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Yves Depetter
- SynBioC Research Group; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Jorick Franceus
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct, Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281-S3 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Veronick Benoy
- University of Leuven; Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, VIB-Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Neurobiology; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- University of Leuven; Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, VIB-Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Neurobiology; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
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25
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Targeting histone deacetylase 8 as a therapeutic approach to cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:1609-34. [PMID: 27572818 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8), a unique class I zinc-dependent HDAC, is an emerging target in cancer and other diseases. Its substrate repertoire extends beyond histones to many nonhistone proteins. Besides being a deacetylase, HDAC8 also mediates signaling via scaffolding functions. Aberrant expression or deregulated interactions with transcription factors are critical in HDAC8-dependent cancers. Many potent HDAC8-selective inhibitors with cellular activity and anticancer effects have been reported. We present HDAC8 as a druggable target and discuss inhibitors of different chemical scaffolds with cellular effects. Furthermore, we review HDAC8 activators that revert activity of mutant enzymes. Isotype-selective HDAC8 targeting in patients with HDAC8-relevant cancers is challenging, however, is promising to avoid adverse side effects as observed with pan-HDAC inhibitors.
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26
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Shen S, Kozikowski AP. Why Hydroxamates May Not Be the Best Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors--What Some May Have Forgotten or Would Rather Forget? ChemMedChem 2015; 11:15-21. [PMID: 26603496 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) have been approved as therapeutic agents by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in oncology applications. While the potential utility of such HDACIs in other areas of medicinal chemistry is tremendous, there are significant concerns that "pan-HDAC inhibitors" may be too broadly acting and/or toxic for clinical use beyond oncology. In addition to the isozyme selectivity challenge, the potential mutagenicity of hydroxamate-containing HDAC inhibitors represents a major hindrance in their application to other therapeutic areas. Herein we report on the mutagenicity of known hydroxamates, discuss the mechanisms responsible for their genotoxicity, and review some of the current alternatives to hydroxamates. We conclude that the hydroxamate group, while providing high-potency HDACIs, is not necessarily the best zinc-binding group for HDACI drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Shen
- Drug Discovery Program, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Alan P Kozikowski
- Drug Discovery Program, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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