1
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Hoffmann L, Beerwerth J, Moch K, Böhmer R. Phenol, the simplest aromatic monohydroxy alcohol, displays a faint Debye-like process when mixed with a nonassociating liquid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:24042-24059. [PMID: 37654228 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02774k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Solvated in propylene carbonate, viscous phenol is studied using dielectric spectroscopy and shear rheology. In addition, several oxygen-17 and deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques are applied to specifically isotope labeled equimolar mixtures. Quantum chemical calculations are used to check the electrical field gradient at phenol's oxygen site. The chosen combination of NMR methods facilitates the selective examination of potentially hydrogen-bond related contributions as well as those dominated by the structural relaxation. Taken together the present results for phenol in equimolar mixtures with the van der Waals liquid propylene carbonate provide evidence for the existence of a very weak Debye-like process that originates from ringlike supramolecular associates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hoffmann
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joachim Beerwerth
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kevin Moch
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Roland Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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2
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Metya S, Das A. S–H···O Hydrogen Bond Can Win over O–H···S Hydrogen Bond: Gas-Phase Spectroscopy of 2-Fluorothiophenol···H 2O Complex. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:9178-9189. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Metya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Aloke Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
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3
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The Relevance of Experimental Charge Density Analysis in Unraveling Noncovalent Interactions in Molecular Crystals. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123690. [PMID: 35744821 PMCID: PMC9229234 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The work carried out by our research group over the last couple of decades in the context of quantitative crystal engineering involves the analysis of intermolecular interactions such as carbon (tetrel) bonding, pnicogen bonding, chalcogen bonding, and halogen bonding using experimental charge density methodology is reviewed. The focus is to extract electron density distribution in the intermolecular space and to obtain guidelines to evaluate the strength and directionality of such interactions towards the design of molecular crystals with desired properties. Following the early studies on halogen bonding interactions, several "sigma-hole" interaction types with similar electrostatic origins have been explored in recent times for their strength, origin, and structural consequences. These include interactions such as carbon (tetrel) bonding, pnicogen bonding, chalcogen bonding, and halogen bonding. Experimental X-ray charge density analysis has proved to be a powerful tool in unraveling the strength and electronic origin of such interactions, providing insights beyond the theoretical estimates from gas-phase molecular dimer calculations. In this mini-review, we outline some selected contributions from the X-ray charge density studies to the field of non-covalent interactions (NCIs) involving elements of the groups 14-17 of the periodic table. Quantitative insights into the nature of these interactions obtained from the experimental electron density distribution and subsequent topological analysis by the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) have been discussed. A few notable examples of weak interactions have been presented in terms of their experimental charge density features. These examples reveal not only the strength and beauty of X-ray charge density multipole modeling as an advanced structural chemistry tool but also its utility in providing experimental benchmarks for the theoretical studies of weak interactions in crystals.
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4
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Ibrahim MAA, Shehata MNI, Soliman MES, Moustafa MF, El-Mageed HRA, Moussa NAM. Unusual chalcogen⋯chalcogen interactions in like⋯like and unlike YCY⋯YCY complexes (Y = O, S, and Se). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:3386-3399. [PMID: 35072679 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chalcogen⋯chalcogen interactions were investigated within four types of like⋯like and unlike YCY⋯YCY complexes (where Y = O, S, or Se). A plethora of quantum mechanical calculations, including molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), surface electrostatic potential extrema, point-of-charge (PoC), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), noncovalent interaction (NCI), and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory-based energy decomposition analysis (SAPT-EDA) calculations, were executed. The energetic findings revealed a preferential tendency of the studied chalcogen-bearing molecules to engage in type I, II, III, or IV chalcogen⋯chalcogen interactions. Notably, the selenium-bearing molecules exhibited the most potent ability to favorably participate in all the explored chalcogen⋯chalcogen interactions. Among like⋯like complexes, type IV interactions showed the most favorable negative binding energies, whereas type III interactions exhibited the weakest binding energies. Unexpectedly, oxygen-containing complexes within type IV interactions showed an alien pattern of binding energies that decreased along with an increase in the chalcogen atomic size level. QTAIM analysis provided a solo BCP, via chalcogen⋯chalcogen interactions, with no clues as to any secondary ones. SAPT-EDA outlined the domination of the explored interactions by the dispersion forces and indicated the pivotal shares of the electrostatic forces, except type III σ-hole⋯σ-hole and di-σ-hole interactions. These observations demonstrate in better detail all the types of chalcogen⋯chalcogen interactions, providing persuasive reasons for their more intensive use in versatile fields related to materials science and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A A Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed N I Shehata
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Lab, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud F Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - H R Abd El-Mageed
- Micro-Analysis, Environmental Research and Community Affairs Center (MAESC), Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Nayra A M Moussa
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
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5
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Morimoto K, Kitagawa D, Tong F, Chalek K, Mueller LJ, Bardeen CJ, Kobatake S. Correlating Reaction Dynamics and Size Change during the Photomechanical Transformation of 9‐Methylanthracene Single Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Morimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Daichi Kitagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Fei Tong
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
- Present address: Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Kevin Chalek
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Leonard J. Mueller
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Christopher J. Bardeen
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Seiya Kobatake
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
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6
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Arakawa Y, Shiba T, Igawa K, Sasaki S, Tsuji H. 4′-Alkylseleno-4-cyanobiphenyls, nSeCB: synthesis and substituent effects on the phase-transition and liquid crystalline behaviors. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00551d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A homologous series of 4′-alkylseleno-4-cyanobiphenyls (nSeCB) was synthesized and their phase-transition behaviors were investigated and compared with those of the alkyl, alkoxy, and alkylthio homologs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Arakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Takuma Shiba
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Igawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sasaki
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
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7
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Medishetty R, Ekka A, Mulijanto CE, Tandiana R, Vittal JJ. Isostructurality in amino molecular salts of two dicarboxylic acids driven by noncovalent synthons. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00822j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Isostructurality was investigated for the molecular salts of two carboxylates. The luminescence properties of the solid solutions of 4apy salts of these carboxylates indicate that this property can be used to fine tune the physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavender Medishetty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492015, India
| | - Akansha Ekka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492015, India
| | | | - Rika Tandiana
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jagadese J. Vittal
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
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8
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Morimoto K, Kitagawa D, Tong F, Chalek K, Mueller LJ, Bardeen CJ, Kobatake S. Correlating Reaction Dynamics and Size Change during the Photomechanical Transformation of 9-Methylanthracene Single Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114089. [PMID: 34761506 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Photomechanical molecular crystals that expand under illumination could potentially be used as photon-powered actuators. In this study, we find that the use of high-quality single crystals of 9-methylanthracene (9MA) leads to more homogeneous reaction kinetics than that previously seen for polycrystalline samples, presumably due to a lower concentration of defects. Furthermore, simultaneous observation of absorbance and shape changes in single crystals revealed that the dimensional change mirrors the reaction progress, resulting in a smooth expansion of 7 % along the c-axis that is linearly correlated with reaction progress. The same expansion dynamics are highly reproducible across different single crystal samples. Organic single crystals exhibit well-defined linear expansions during 100 % photoconversion, suggesting that this class of solid-state phase change material could be used for actuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Morimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Daichi Kitagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Fei Tong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.,Present address: Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Kevin Chalek
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Leonard J Mueller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Christopher J Bardeen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Seiya Kobatake
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
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9
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Thomas R, Thomas SP, Lakhotiya H, Mamakhel AH, Bondesgaard M, Birkedal V, Iversen BB. Tuning of bandgaps and emission properties of light-emitting diode materials through homogeneous alloying in molecular crystals. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12391-12399. [PMID: 34603669 PMCID: PMC8480314 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03714e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alloy formation is ubiquitous in inorganic materials science, and it strongly depends on the similarity between the alloyed atoms. Since molecules have widely different shapes, sizes and bonding properties, it is highly challenging to make alloyed molecular crystals. Here we report the generation of homogenous molecular alloys of organic light emitting diode materials that leads to tuning in their bandgaps and fluorescence emission. Tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminium (Alq3) and its Ga, In and Cr analogues (Gaq3, Inq3, and Crq3) form homogeneous mixed crystal phases thereby resulting in binary, ternary and even quaternary molecular alloys. The MxM′(1−x)q3 alloy crystals are investigated using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy on single crystal samples, and photoluminescence properties are measured on the exact same single crystal specimens. The different series of alloys exhibit distinct trends in their optical bandgaps compared with their parent crystals. In the AlxGa(1−x)q3 alloys the emission wavelengths lie in between those of the parent crystals, while the AlxIn(1−x)q3 and GaxIn(1−x)q3 alloys have red shifts. Intriguingly, efficient fluorescence quenching is observed for the MxCr(1−x)q3 alloys (M = Al, Ga) revealing the effect of paramagnetic molecular doping, and corroborating the molecular scale phase homogeneity. Multicomponent molecular alloy crystals exhibit intriguing effects of tuning and quenching in their photoluminescence, suggesting ‘alloy-crystal engineering’ as a useful design strategy for molecular functional materials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshmi Thomas
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Sajesh P Thomas
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Harish Lakhotiya
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Aref H Mamakhel
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Martin Bondesgaard
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Victoria Birkedal
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNano) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | - Bo B Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University Langelandsgade 140 Aarhus 8000 Denmark
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10
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Easy preparation of novel 3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide: Molecular structure, Hirshfeld surface, NCI analyses and molecular docking on AMPA receptors. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Manana P, Hosten EC, Betz R. The crystal structure of 4-chloro-thiophenol, C6H5ClS. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2021-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C6H5ClS, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 5.7461(2) Å, b = 9.7601(4) Å, c = 5.7466(3) Å, β = 95.869(2)°, V = 320.59(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0216, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0545, T = 200 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pholani Manana
- Department of Chemistry , Nelson Mandela University , Summerstrand Campus (South) , University Way , Summerstrand , PO Box 77000 , Port Elizabeth , 6031 , South Africa
| | - Eric C. Hosten
- Department of Chemistry , Nelson Mandela University , Summerstrand Campus (South) , University Way , Summerstrand , PO Box 77000 , Port Elizabeth , 6031 , South Africa
| | - Richard Betz
- Department of Chemistry , Nelson Mandela University , Summerstrand Campus (South) , University Way , Summerstrand , PO Box 77000 , Port Elizabeth , 6031 , South Africa
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12
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Thomas SP, Thomas R, Grønbech TBE, Bondesgaard M, Mamakhel AH, Birkedal V, Iversen BB. Bandgap Tuning in Molecular Alloy Crystals Formed by Weak Chalcogen Interactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3059-3065. [PMID: 33740368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate systematic tuning in the optical bandgaps of molecular crystals achieved by the generation of molecular alloys/solid solutions of a series of diphenyl dichalcogenides-characterized by weak chalcogen bonding interactions involving S, Se, and Te atoms. Despite the variety in chalcogen bonding interactions found in this series of dichalcogenide crystals, they show isostructural interaction topologies, enabling the formation of solid solutions. The alloy crystals exhibit Vegard's law-like trends of variation in their unit cell dimensions and a nonlinear trend for the variation in optical bandgaps with respect to their compositions. Energy-dispersive X-ray and spatially resolved Raman spectroscopic studies indicate significant homogeneity in the domain structure of the solid solutions. Quantum periodic calculations of the projected density of states provide insights into the bandgap tuning in terms of the mixing of states in the alloy crystal phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajesh P Thomas
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Reshmi Thomas
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bjørn E Grønbech
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Martin Bondesgaard
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Aref H Mamakhel
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Victoria Birkedal
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNano) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Bo B Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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13
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Panicker L, Thomas SP, Wadawale A, Girija K, Row TG. Reversible order-disorder phase transition and interaction topology in 4-carboxyanilinium nitrate. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Mishra KK, Borish K, Singh G, Panwaria P, Metya S, Madhusudhan MS, Das A. Observation of an Unusually Large IR Red-Shift in an Unconventional S-H···S Hydrogen-Bond. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:1228-1235. [PMID: 33492971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The S-H···S non-covalent interaction is generally known as an extremely unconventional weak hydrogen-bond in the literature. The present gas-phase spectroscopic investigation shows that the S-H···S hydrogen-bond can be as strong as any conventional hydrogen-bond in terms of the IR red-shift in the stretching frequency of the hydrogen-bond donor group. Herein, the strength of the S-H···S hydrogen-bond has been determined by measuring the red-shift (∼150 cm-1) of the S-H stretching frequency in a model complex of 2-chlorothiophenol and dimethyl sulfide using isolated gas-phase IR spectroscopy coupled with quantum chemistry calculations. The observation of an unusually large IR red-shift in the S-H···S hydrogen-bond is explained in terms of the presence of a significant amount of charge-transfer interactions in addition to the usual electrostatic interactions. The existence of ∼750 S-H···S interactions between the cysteine and methionine residues in 642 protein structures determined from an extensive Protein Data Bank analysis also indicates that this interaction is important for the structures of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal K Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India
| | - Kshetrimayum Borish
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India
| | - Gulzar Singh
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India
| | - Prakash Panwaria
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India
| | - Surajit Metya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India
| | - M S Madhusudhan
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India
| | - Aloke Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India
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15
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Menon PK, Krishnaraj K, Anabha E, Devaky K, Thomas SP. Synthesis, crystal structure and electron density analysis of a sulfanyl 2-pyridone analogue: Tautomeric preference and conformation locking by S···O chalcogen bonding. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Fortes AD. Phenol hemihydrate: redetermination of the crystal structure by neutron powder diffraction, Hirshfeld surface analysis and characterization of the thermal expansion. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 76:1062-1069. [PMID: 32695453 PMCID: PMC7336780 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989020007719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The existing crystal structure of phenol hemihydrate is shown to be incorrect and a new model, refined from high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data, is reported. Phenol hemihydrate, C5H5OH·0.5H2O, crystallizes in the space group Pbcn, Z = 8. The previously published crystal structure [CSD refcode PHOLHH; Meuthen & von Stackelberg (1960 ▸). Z. Elektrochem. 64, 387–390] is shown to be incorrect. Pairs of phenol molecules, related by an inversion centre, are bridged by one water molecule via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds; an extended R44(8) hydrogen-bonded motif links these inversion dimers into chains parallel to the c axis. Packing of the chains is achieved by weaker T-shaped C—H⋯π interactions between nearest neighbour phenol molecules in the bc plane. Analysis of the thermal expansion and parameterization with a Debye model in terms of the linear elastic moduli shows that the c axis is ∼3 times stiffer than the two orthogonal directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dominic Fortes
- ISIS Neutron & Muon Spallation Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, England
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17
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Đorđević IS, Popadić M, Sarvan M, Petković-Benazzouz M, Janjić GV. Supramolecular insight into the substitution of sulfur by selenium, based on crystal structures, quantum-chemical calculations and biosystem recognition. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2020; 76:122-136. [PMID: 32831247 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520619016287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Statistical analysis of data from crystal structures extracted from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) has shown that S and Se atoms display a similar tendency towards specific types of interaction if they are part of a fragment that corresponds to the side chains of cysteine (Cys), methionine (Met) selenocysteine (Sec) and selenomethionine (Mse). The most numerous are structures with C-H...Se and C-H...S interactions (∼80%), notably less numerous are structures with Se...Se and S...S interactions (∼5%), and Se...π and S...π interactions are the least numerous. The results of quantum-chemical calculations have indicated that C-H...Se (∼-0.8 kcal mol-1) and C-H...S interactions are weaker than the most stable parallel interaction (∼-3.3 kcal mol-1) and electrostatic interactions of σ/π type (∼-2.6 kcal mol-1). Their significant presence can be explained by the abundance of CH groups compared with the numbers of Se and S atoms in the crystal structures, and also by the influence of substituents bonded to the Se or S atom that further reduce their possibilities for interacting with species from the environment. This can also offer an explanation as to why O-H...Se (∼-4.4 kcal mol-1) and N-H...Se interactions (∼-2.2 kcal mol-1) are less numerous. Docking studies revealed that S and Se rarely participate in interactions with the amino acid residues of target enzymes, mostly because those residues preferentially interact with the substituents bonded to Se and S. The differences between Se and S ligands in the number and positions of their binding sites are more pronounced if the substituents are polar and if there are more Se/S atoms in the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana S Đorđević
- SI Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Popadić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Sarvan
- Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Goran V Janjić
- SI Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, Serbia
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18
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Chand A, Biswal HS. Hydrogen Bonds with Chalcogens: Looking Beyond the Second Row of the Periodic Table. J Indian Inst Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-019-00140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Trujillo C, Rozas I, Elguero J, Alkorta I, Sánchez-Sanz G. Modulating intramolecular chalcogen bonds in aromatic (thio)(seleno)phene-based derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:23645-23650. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03694f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular chalcogen interactions have been studied for four different derivatives of compounds within two different families, S or Se, to evaluate the effect of these IMChBs in the stability of the interacting and non-interacting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trujillo
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin 152-160 Pearse Street
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Isabel Rozas
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin 152-160 Pearse Street
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica
- CSIC
- Juan de la Cierva
- 3
- E-28006 Madrid
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica
- CSIC
- Juan de la Cierva
- 3
- E-28006 Madrid
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20
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Gholivand K, Tizhoush SK, Kozakiewicz A, Eskandari K, Farshadfar K. Copper( i) complexes of functionalized sulfur-containing ligands: structural and theoretical insights into chalcogen bonding. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce02006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four new copper(i) thiocyanate complexes were studied using geometrical parameters and the lump–hole approach for justification of the strength and nature of chalcogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khodayar Gholivand
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tarbiat Modares University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Samaneh K. Tizhoush
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tarbiat Modares University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Anna Kozakiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
- 87-100 Toruń
- Poland
| | - Kiamars Eskandari
- Department of Chemistry
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan 84156-83111
- Iran
| | - Kaveh Farshadfar
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tarbiat Modares University
- Tehran
- Iran
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21
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Dandela R, Tothadi S, Marelli UK, Nangia A. Systematic synthesis of a 6-component organic-salt alloy of naftopidil, and pentanary, quaternary and ternary multicomponent crystals. IUCRJ 2018; 5:816-822. [PMID: 30443365 PMCID: PMC6211519 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252518014057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The single-crystal X-ray structure of a 6-component organic-salt alloy (hexanary) of naftopidil (1) (an active pharmaceutical ingredient) with benzoic acid (2) and four different hydroxy-substituted benzoic acids, i.e. salicylic acid (3), 2,3-di-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), 2,4-di-hydroxybenzoic acid (5) and 2,6-di-hydroxybenzoic acid (6), is reported. The hexanary assembly originates from the observation that the binary salts of naftopidil with the above acids are isostructural. In addition to the 6-component solid, we also describe five 5-component, ten 4-component, and ten 3-component organic-salt alloys of naftopidil (1) with carboxylic acids (2)-(6). These alloys were obtained from different combinations of the acids with the drug. The synthetic design of the multicomponent organic alloys is based on the rationale of geometrical factors (shape and size) and chemical interactions (hydrogen bonds). The common supramolecular synthon in all these crystal structures was the cyclic N+-H⋯O- and O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonded motif of (9) graph set between the 2-hy-droxyammonium group of naftopidil and the carboxyl-ate anion. This ionic synthon is strong and robust, directing the isostructural assembly of naftopidil with up to five different carboxylic acids in the crystal structure together with the lower-level multicomponent adducts. Solution crystallization by slow evaporation provided the multicomponent organic salts and alloys which were characterized by a combination of single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, NMR and differential scanning calorimetry techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rambabu Dandela
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
| | - Srinu Tothadi
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
| | - Udaya Kiran Marelli
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
- Central NMR Facility, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
| | - Ashwini Nangia
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 046, India
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22
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Paul M, Chakraborty S, Desiraju GR. Six-Component Molecular Solids: ABC[D1–(x+y)ExFy]2. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2309-2315. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Paul
- Solid State and Structural
Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Shaunak Chakraborty
- Solid State and Structural
Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Gautam R. Desiraju
- Solid State and Structural
Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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23
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Shemchuk O, Braga D, Grepioni F. Alloying barbituric and thiobarbituric acids: from solid solutions to a highly stable keto co-crystal form. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:11815-11818. [PMID: 27722256 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06615a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alloying isomorphous crystals of barbituric acid (BA) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) yields solid solutions of general formula BAxTBA1-x (x < 0.8); for x = 0.5 the stable co-crystal BA0.5TBA0.5, isomorphous with the parent keto forms, is observed, which melts at 265 °C, i.e. ca. 10 and 20 °C higher than the melting points of BA and TBA, respectively. While the BAxTBA1-x solid solutions with x > 0.5 are stable, those with x < 0.5 convert, with time or temperature, to the BA0.5TBA0.5 co-crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Shemchuk
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - D Braga
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - F Grepioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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24
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Wang H, Liu J, Wang W. Intermolecular and very strong intramolecular C–Se⋯O/N chalcogen bonds in nitrophenyl selenocyanate crystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:5227-5234. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08215k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Different bonding strengths of C–Se⋯O/N chalcogen bonds involved in polymorphic o-NSC (1a/1b) and monomorphic p-NSC (2) result in different thermal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
- People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhou Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University
- Luoyang 471934
- People's Republic of China
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25
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Lusi M. A rough guide to molecular solid solutions: design, synthesis and characterization of mixed crystals. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00691a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent literature on molecular solid solutions is reviewed and general empirical rules to help synthesize mixed crystals are summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lusi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Bernal Institute
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
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26
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Szymkowiak J, Warżajtis B, Rychlewska U, Kwit M. Consistent supramolecular assembly arising from a mixture of components – self-sorting and solid solutions of chiral oxygenated trianglimines. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The formation of trianglimines and their aggregates is stereoselective, and uniformly chiral macrocycles differing in chemical composition crystallize as solid solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szymkowiak
- Department of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61 614 Poznań
- Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies
| | - Beata Warżajtis
- Department of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61 614 Poznań
- Poland
| | | | - Marcin Kwit
- Department of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61 614 Poznań
- Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies
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27
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Sánchez-Sanz G, Trujillo C, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Enhancing Intramolecular Chalcogen Interactions in 1-Hydroxy-8-YH-naphthalene Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:8995-9003. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goar Sánchez-Sanz
- Irish Centre of High-End Computing & School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Cristina Trujillo
- School
of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto
de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto
de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
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28
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Pavan MS, Sarkar S, Row TNG. Exploring the rare S—H...S hydrogen bond using charge density analysis in isomers of mercaptobenzoic acid. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2017; 73:626-633. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520617008344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical charge density analyses on isomers of mercaptobenzoic acid have been carried out to quantify the hydrogen bonding of the hitherto less explored thiols, to assess the strength of the interactions using the topological features of the electron density. The electron density study offers interesting insights into the nature of the S—H...S interaction. The interaction energy is comparable with that of a weak hydrogen bond. The strength and directionality of the S—H...S hydrogen bond is demonstrated to be mainly due to the conformation locking potential of the intramolecular S...O chalcogen bond in 2-mercaptobenzoic acid and is stronger than in 3-mercaptobenzoic acid, which lacks the intramolecular S...O bond. Thepara-substituted mercaptobenzoic acid depicts a type I S...S interaction.
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29
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Theoretical Study of Intramolecular Interactions in Peri-Substituted Naphthalenes: Chalcogen and Hydrogen Bonds. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020227. [PMID: 28157170 PMCID: PMC6155622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A theoretical study of the peri interactions, both intramolecular hydrogen (HB) and chalcogen bonds (YB), in 1-hydroxy-8YH-naphthalene, 1,4-dihydroxy-5,8-di-YH-naphthalene, and 1,5-dihydroxy-4,8-di-YH-naphthalene, with Y = O, S, and Se was carried out. The systems with a OH:Y hydrogen bond are the most stable ones followed by those with a chalcogen O:Y interaction, those with a YH:O hydrogen bond (Y = S and Se) being the least stable ones. The electron density values at the hydrogen bond critical points indicate that they have partial covalent character. Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis shows stabilization due to the charge transfer between lone pair orbitals towards empty Y–H that correlate with the interatomic distances. The electron density shift maps and non-covalent indexes in the different systems are consistent with the relative strength of the interactions. The structures found on the CSD were used to compare the experimental and calculated results.
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30
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Cherukuvada S, Kaur R, Guru Row TN. Co-crystallization and small molecule crystal form diversity: from pharmaceutical to materials applications. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce01835a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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31
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Suresh K, Mannava MKC, Nangia A. Cocrystals and alloys of nitazoxanide: enhanced pharmacokinetics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4223-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00975a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical cocrystal alloy of NTZ-PABA : NTZ-PASA (0.75 : 0.25) exhibits a higher pharmacokinetic profile than the individual cocrystals and nitazoxanide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuthuru Suresh
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | | | - Ashwini Nangia
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
- Technology Business Incubator
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32
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Thomas SP, Jayatilaka D, Guru Row TN. S⋯O chalcogen bonding in sulfa drugs: insights from multipole charge density and X-ray wavefunction of acetazolamide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:25411-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04412j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental charge density analysis combined with the quantum crystallographic technique of X-ray wavefunction refinement (XWR) provides quantitative insights into the intra- and intermolecular interactions formed by acetazolamide, a diuretic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajesh P. Thomas
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Western Australia
- Crawley
- Australia
- Solid state and Structural Chemistry Unit
| | - Dylan Jayatilaka
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Western Australia
- Crawley
- Australia
| | - T. N. Guru Row
- Solid state and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore
- India
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