Photocatalyzed Hydroaminodifluoroalkylation of Alkenes

The synthesis of undescribed β-aminodifluoroethylsulfinates and their uses in the hydroaminodifluoroalkylation of alkenes is reported. This reaction is performed in the presence of a photocatalyst (4CzIPN, Ru complexes) and enables the direct incorporation of a β-difluoroamine moiety into vinylic aryls, unactivated alkenes, and electron-rich, or -deficient alkenes. The mechanism was studied, and the formation of a gem-difluoromethyl radical was observed after the selective oxidation of the sulfinate function.

Convergent access to mono-fluoroalkene-based peptidomimetics

The convergent and selective preparation of (Z)-monofluoroalkene-based dipeptide isosteres from functionalized fluorosulfones as a cornerstone is described. In this approach, the N-terminal amino group is introduced by a conjugate addition reaction of phthalimide onto fluorinated vinylsulfones containing α-amino-acid side chains while the C-terminal motif is linked to the fluorovinylic peptide bond mimic via the Julia-Kocienski reaction between fluorosulfones and substituted aldehydes bearing α-amino-acid side chains.

Fluorinated Chaperone-β-Cyclodextrin Formulations for β-Glucocerebrosidase Activity Enhancement in Neuronopathic Gaucher Disease

Amphiphilic glycomimetics encompassing a rigid, undistortable nortropane skeleton based on 1,6-anhydro-l-idonojirimycin and a polyfluorinated antenna, when formulated as the corresponding inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin (βCD), have been shown to behave as pharmacological chaperones (PCs) that efficiently rescue lysosomal β-glucocerebrosidase mutants associated with the neuronopathic variants of Gaucher disease (GD), including the highly refractory L444P/L444P and L444P/P415R single nucleotide polymorphs, in patient fibroblasts. The body of work here presented includes the design criteria for the PC prototype, the synthesis of a series of candidates, the characterization of the PC:βCD complexes, the determination of the selectivity profiles toward a panel of commercial and human lysosomal glycosidases, the evaluation of the chaperoning activity in type 1 (non-neuronopathic), type 2 (acute neuronopathic), and type 3 (adult neuronopathic) GD fibroblasts, the confirmation of the rescuing mechanism by immunolabeling, and the analysis of the PC:GCase binding mode by docking experiments.