1
|
Yadav KK, Shamir D, Kornweitz H, Peled Y, Zohar M, Burg A. Development of Meta-Chemical Surface by Dip-Pen Nanolithography for Precise Electrochemical Lead Sensing. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301118. [PMID: 38029319 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) is a powerful and unique technique for precisely depositing tiny nano-spherical cap shapes (nanoclusters) onto a desired surface. In this study, a meta-chemical surface (MCS; a pattern with advanced features) is developed by DPN and applied to electrochemical lead sensing, yielding a calibration curve in the ppb range. An ink mixture of PMMA and NTPH (which binds to Pb (II), as supported by DFT calculations) is patterned over a Pt surface. The average height of the nanoclusters is ≈13 nm with a high surface area-to-volume ratio, which depends on the ink composition and the MCS surface. This ratio affected the sensitivity of the MCS as a detecting tool. The results indicate that the sensor's features can be controlled by the ability to control the size of the nanoclusters, attributed to the unique properties of the DPN production method. These results are significant for the water-source purification industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sami Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva, 8410802, Israel
| | - Dror Shamir
- Analytical Chemistry Department, NRCN, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Haya Kornweitz
- Chemical Sciences Department, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Yael Peled
- Analytical Chemistry Department, NRCN, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Moshe Zohar
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sami Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer Sheva, 8410802, Israel
| | - Ariela Burg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sami Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva, 8410802, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Madaci A, Suwannin P, Raffin G, Hangouet M, Martin M, Ferkous H, Bouzid A, Bausells J, Elaissari A, Errachid A, Jaffrezic-Renault N. A Sensitive Micro Conductometric Ethanol Sensor Based on an Alcohol Dehydrogenase-Gold Nanoparticle Chitosan Composite. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2316. [PMID: 37630900 PMCID: PMC10458242 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a microconductometric sensor has been designed, based on a chitosan composite including alcohol dehydrogenase-and its cofactor-and gold nanoparticles, and was calibrated by differential measurements in the headspace of aqueous solutions of ethanol. The role of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) was crucial in improving the analytical performance of the ethanol sensor in terms of response time, sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility. The response time was reduced to 10 s, compared to 21 s without GNPs. The sensitivity was 416 µS/cm (v/v%)-1 which is 11.3 times higher than without GNPs. The selectivity factor versus methanol was 8.3, three times higher than without GNPs. The relative standard deviation (RSD) obtained with the same sensor was 2%, whereas it was found to be 12% without GNPs. When the air from the operator's mouth was analyzed just after rinsing with an antiseptic mouthwash, the ethanol content was very high (3.5 v/v%). The background level was reached only after rinsing with water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anis Madaci
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (P.S.); (G.R.); (M.H.); (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.E.)
- Laboratory of Materials and Electronics Systems, University El-Bachir El-Ibrahimi Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bordj Bou Arreridj 34000, Algeria;
| | - Patcharapan Suwannin
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (P.S.); (G.R.); (M.H.); (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.E.)
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Guy Raffin
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (P.S.); (G.R.); (M.H.); (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.E.)
| | - Marie Hangouet
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (P.S.); (G.R.); (M.H.); (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.E.)
| | - Marie Martin
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (P.S.); (G.R.); (M.H.); (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.E.)
| | - Hana Ferkous
- Laboratory of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Faculty of Technology, University of Skikda, Skikda 21000, Algeria;
| | - Abderrazak Bouzid
- Laboratory of Materials and Electronics Systems, University El-Bachir El-Ibrahimi Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bordj Bou Arreridj 34000, Algeria;
| | - Joan Bausells
- El Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica (CNM), Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB), Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (P.S.); (G.R.); (M.H.); (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.E.)
| | - Abdelhamid Errachid
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (P.S.); (G.R.); (M.H.); (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.E.)
| | - Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (P.S.); (G.R.); (M.H.); (M.M.); (A.E.); (A.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Filipovic L, Selberherr S. Application of Two-Dimensional Materials towards CMOS-Integrated Gas Sensors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12203651. [PMID: 36296844 PMCID: PMC9611560 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
During the last few decades, the microelectronics industry has actively been investigating the potential for the functional integration of semiconductor-based devices beyond digital logic and memory, which includes RF and analog circuits, biochips, and sensors, on the same chip. In the case of gas sensor integration, it is necessary that future devices can be manufactured using a fabrication technology which is also compatible with the processes applied to digital logic transistors. This will likely involve adopting the mature complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication technique or a technique which is compatible with CMOS due to the inherent low costs, scalability, and potential for mass production that this technology provides. While chemiresistive semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) gas sensors have been the principal semiconductor-based gas sensor technology investigated in the past, resulting in their eventual commercialization, they need high-temperature operation to provide sufficient energies for the surface chemical reactions essential for the molecular detection of gases in the ambient. Therefore, the integration of a microheater in a MEMS structure is a requirement, which can be quite complex. This is, therefore, undesirable and room temperature, or at least near-room temperature, solutions are readily being investigated and sought after. Room-temperature SMO operation has been achieved using UV illumination, but this further complicates CMOS integration. Recent studies suggest that two-dimensional (2D) materials may offer a solution to this problem since they have a high likelihood for integration with sophisticated CMOS fabrication while also providing a high sensitivity towards a plethora of gases of interest, even at room temperature. This review discusses many types of promising 2D materials which show high potential for integration as channel materials for digital logic field effect transistors (FETs) as well as chemiresistive and FET-based sensing films, due to the presence of a sufficiently wide band gap. This excludes graphene from this review, while recent achievements in gas sensing with graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), phosphorene, and MXenes are examined.
Collapse
|
4
|
Morisot F, Zuliani C, Mouis M, Luque J, Montemont C, Maindron T, Ternon C. Role of Working Temperature and Humidity in Acetone Detection by SnO2 Covered ZnO Nanowire Network Based Sensors. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12060935. [PMID: 35335751 PMCID: PMC8954651 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
A randomly oriented nanowire network, also called nanonet (NN), is a nano-microstructure that is easily integrated into devices while retaining the advantages of using nanowires. This combination presents a highly developed surface, which is promising for sensing applications while drastically reducing integration costs compared to single nanowire integration. It now remains to demonstrate its effective sensing in real conditions, its selectivity and its real advantages. With this work, we studied the feasibility of gaseous acetone detection in breath by considering the effect of external parameters, such as humidity and temperature, on the device’s sensitivity. Here the devices were made of ZnO NNs covered by SnO2 and integrated on top of microhotplates for the fine and quick control of sensing temperature with low energy consumption. The prime result is that, after a maturation period of about 15 h, the devices are sensitive to acetone concentration as low as 2 ppm of acetone at 370 °C in an alternating dry and wet (50% of relative humidity) atmosphere, even after 90 h of experiments. While still away from breath humidity conditions, which is around 90% RH, the sensor response observed at 50% RH to 2 ppm of acetone shows promising results, especially since a temperature scan allows for ethanol’s distinguishment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Morisot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering, Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LMGP, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering, Univ. Grenoble Alpes), IMEP-LAHC, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Claudio Zuliani
- AMS Sensors UK Limited, Deanland House, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 0DL, UK; (C.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Mireille Mouis
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering, Univ. Grenoble Alpes), IMEP-LAHC, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Joaquim Luque
- AMS Sensors UK Limited, Deanland House, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 0DL, UK; (C.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Cindy Montemont
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA-LETI, MINATEC Campus, 17 Rue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, F-38054 Grenoble, France; (C.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Tony Maindron
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA-LETI, MINATEC Campus, 17 Rue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, F-38054 Grenoble, France; (C.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Céline Ternon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering, Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LMGP, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bhatt M, Shende P. Surface patterning techniques for proteins on nano- and micro-systems: a modulated aspect in hierarchical structures. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1176-1195. [PMID: 35119060 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02455h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The surface patterning of protein using fabrication or the external functionalization of structures demonstrates various applications in the biomedical field for bioengineering, biosensing and antifouling. This review article offers an outline of the existing advances in protein patterning technology with a special emphasis on the current physical and physicochemical methods, including stencil patterning, trap- and droplet-based microfluidics, and chemical modification of surfaces via photolithography, microcontact printing and scanning probe nanolithography. Different approaches are applied for the biological studies of recent trends for single-protein patterning technology, such as robotic printing, stencil printing and colloidal lithography, wherein the concepts of physical confinement, electrostatic and capillary forces, as well as dielectrophoretics, are summarised to understand the design approaches. Photochemical alterations with diazirine, nitrobenzyl and aryl azide functional groups for the implication of modified substrates, such as self-assembled monolayers functionalized with amino silanes, organosilanes and alkanethiols on gold surfaces, as well as topographical effects of patterning techniques for protein functionalization and orientation, are discussed. Analytical methods for the evaluation of protein functionality are also mentioned. Regarding their selectivity, protein pattering methods will be readily used to fabricate modified surfaces and target-specific delivery systems for the transportation of macromolecules such as streptavidin, and albumin. Future applications of patterning techniques include high-throughput screening, the evaluation of intracellular interactions, accurate screening and personalized treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maitri Bhatt
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
| | - Pravin Shende
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Farmakidis N, Swett JL, Youngblood N, Li X, Evangeli C, Aggarwal S, Mol JA, Bhaskaran H. Exploiting rotational asymmetry for sub-50 nm mechanical nanocalligraphy. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2021; 7:84. [PMID: 34691759 PMCID: PMC8528849 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanofabrication has experienced extraordinary progress in the area of lithography-led processes over the last decades, although versatile and adaptable techniques addressing a wide spectrum of materials are still nascent. Scanning probe lithography (SPL) offers the capability to readily pattern sub-100 nm structures on many surfaces; however, the technique does not scale to dense and multi-lengthscale structures. Here, we demonstrate a technique, which we term nanocalligraphy scanning probe lithography (nc-SPL), that overcomes these limitations. Nc-SPL employs an asymmetric tip and exploits its rotational asymmetry to generate structures spanning the micron to nanometer lengthscales through real-time linewidth tuning. Using specialized tip geometries and by precisely controlling the patterning direction, we demonstrate sub-50 nm patterns while simultaneously improving on throughput, tip longevity, and reliability compared to conventional SPL. We further show that nc-SPL can be employed in both positive and negative tone patterning modes, in contrast to conventional SPL. This underlines the potential of this technique for processing sensitive surfaces such as 2D materials, which are prone to tip-induced shear or beam-induced damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Farmakidis
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH UK
| | - Jacob L. Swett
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH UK
| | - Nathan Youngblood
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH UK
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH UK
| | | | - Samarth Aggarwal
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH UK
| | - Jan A. Mol
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH UK
- Department of Physics, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - Harish Bhaskaran
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jeong SY, Kim JS, Lee JH. Rational Design of Semiconductor-Based Chemiresistors and their Libraries for Next-Generation Artificial Olfaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002075. [PMID: 32930431 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Artificial olfaction based on gas sensor arrays aims to substitute for, support, and surpass human olfaction. Like mammalian olfaction, a larger number of sensors and more signal processing are crucial for strengthening artificial olfaction. Due to rapid progress in computing capabilities and machine-learning algorithms, on-demand high-performance artificial olfaction that can eclipse human olfaction becomes inevitable once diverse and versatile gas sensing materials are provided. Here, rational strategies to design a myriad of different semiconductor-based chemiresistors and to grow gas sensing libraries enough to identify a wide range of odors and gases are reviewed, discussed, and suggested. Key approaches include the use of p-type oxide semiconductors, multinary perovskite and spinel oxides, carbon-based materials, metal chalcogenides, their heterostructures, as well as heterocomposites as distinctive sensing materials, the utilization of bilayer sensor design, the design of robust sensing materials, and the high-throughput screening of sensing materials. In addition, the state-of-the-art and key issues in the implementation of electronic noses are discussed. Finally, a perspective on chemiresistive sensing materials for next-generation artificial olfaction is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Yong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sik Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Heun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Solution-based printing approaches permit digital designs to be converted into physical objects by depositing materials in a layer-by-layer additive fashion from microscale to nanoscale resolution. The extraordinary adaptability of this technology to different inks and substrates has received substantial interest in the recent literature. In such a context, this review specifically focuses on the realization of inks for the deposition of ZnO, a well-known wide bandgap semiconductor inorganic material showing an impressive number of applications in electronic, optoelectronic, and piezoelectric devices. Herein, we present an updated review of the latest advancements on the ink formulations and printing techniques for ZnO-based nanocrystalline inks, as well as of the major applications which have been demonstrated. The most relevant ink-processing conditions so far explored will be correlated with the resulting film morphologies, showing the possibility to tune the ZnO ink composition to achieve facile, versatile, and scalable fabrication of devices of different natures.
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Singh I, Dey S, Santra S, Landfester K, Muñoz-Espí R, Chandra A. Cerium-Doped Copper(II) Oxide Hollow Nanostructures as Efficient and Tunable Sensors for Volatile Organic Compounds. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5029-5037. [PMID: 31458716 PMCID: PMC6641873 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Tuning sensing capabilities of simple to complex oxides for achieving enhanced sensitivity and selectivity toward the detection of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is extremely important and remains a challenge. In the present work, we report the synthesis of pristine and Ce-doped CuO hollow nanostructures, which have much higher VOC sensing and response characteristics than their solid analogues. Undoped CuO hollow nanostructures exhibit high response for sensing of acetone as compared to commercial CuO nanoparticles. As a result of doping with cerium, the material starts showing selectivity. CuO hollow structures doped with 5 at. % of Ce return highest response toward methanol sensing, whereas increasing the Ce doping concentration to 10%, the material shows high response for both-acetone and methanol. The observed tunability in selectivity is directly linked to the varying concentration of the oxygen defects on the surface of the nanostructures. The work also shows that the use of hollow nanostructures could be the way forward for obtaining high-performance sensors even by using conventional and simple metal or semiconductor oxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inderjeet Singh
- Department
of Physics and Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayan Dey
- Department
of Physics and Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Sumita Santra
- Department
of Physics and Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Department
of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Rafael Muñoz-Espí
- Department
of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Science (ICMUV), University of Valencia, C/Catedràtic José
Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Amreesh Chandra
- Department
of Physics and Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jha RK, Wan M, Jacob C, Guha PK. Ammonia vapour sensing properties of in situ polymerized conducting PANI-nanofiber/WS2 nanosheet composites. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03343e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A chemiresistive sensor based on nanocomposites of HCl doped-PANI-nanofibers and WS2 nanosheets which is prepared by the template-free in situ polymerization of aniline on WS2 nanosheets is cost effective, reliable, stable and compatible with the current CMOS technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Kumar Jha
- School of Nano Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| | - Meher Wan
- Advanced Technology Development Centre
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| | - Chacko Jacob
- Materials Science Centre
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Guha
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Martin FA, Marconi D, Neamtu S, Radu T, Florescu M, Turcu R, Lar C, Hădade ND, Grosu I, Turcu I. “Click” access to multilayer functionalized Au surface: A terpyridine patterning example. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:1343-1350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
13
|
Gao Y, Tian J, Wu J, Cao W, Zhou B, Shen R, Wen W. Digital microfluidic programmable stencil (dMPS) for protein and cell patterning. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17633j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patterning biomolecules and cells on substrates is usually a prerequisite for biological analysis and cell studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Gao
- Environmental Science Programs
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong
- Department of Physics
| | - Jingxuan Tian
- Department of Physics
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong
| | - Jinbo Wu
- Materials Genome Institute
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- PR China
| | - Wenbin Cao
- Department of Physics
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong
| | - Bingpu Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Macau
- Taipa
- PR China
| | - Rong Shen
- Institute of Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Weijia Wen
- Environmental Science Programs
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- Hong Kong
- Department of Physics
| |
Collapse
|