1
|
Borenstein JT, Cummins G, Dutta A, Hamad E, Hughes MP, Jiang X, Lee HH, Lei KF, Tang XS, Zheng Y, Chen J. Bionanotechnology and bioMEMS (BNM): state-of-the-art applications, opportunities, and challenges. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4928-4949. [PMID: 37916434 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00296a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of micro- and nanotechnology for biomedical applications has defined the cutting edge of medical technology for over three decades, as advancements in fabrication technology developed originally in the semiconductor industry have been applied to solving ever-more complex problems in medicine and biology. These technologies are ideally suited to interfacing with life sciences, since they are on the scale lengths as cells (microns) and biomacromolecules (nanometers). In this paper, we review the state of the art in bionanotechnology and bioMEMS (collectively BNM), including developments and challenges in the areas of BNM, such as microfluidic organ-on-chip devices, oral drug delivery, emerging technologies for managing infectious diseases, 3D printed microfluidic devices, AC electrokinetics, flexible MEMS devices, implantable microdevices, paper-based microfluidic platforms for cellular analysis, and wearable sensors for point-of-care testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerard Cummins
- School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Abhishek Dutta
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, USA.
| | - Eyad Hamad
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Michael Pycraft Hughes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Hyowon Hugh Lee
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Implantable Devices, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Jie Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo W, Tao Y, Mao K, Liu W, Xue R, Ge Z, Ren Y. Portable general microfluidic device with complex electric field regulation functions for electrokinetic experiments. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 23:157-167. [PMID: 36484422 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01053d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electrokinetic sample manipulation is a key step for many kinds of microfluidic chips to achieve various functions, such as particle focusing and separation, fluid pumping and material synthesis. But these microfluidic experiments usually rely on large-scale signal generators for power supply, microscopes for imaging and other instruments for analysis, which hampers the portable process of microfluidic technology. Inspired by this situation, we herein designed a portable general microfluidic device (PGMD) with complex electric field regulation functions, which can accurately regulate static or continuous fluid samples. Through the graphical user interface (GUI) and modular design, the PGMD can generate multiple different electrical signals, and the micro-flow of fluid can be pumped through the built-in micropump, which can meet the requirements of most microfluidic experiments. Photos or videos of the microfluidic chip captured by the built-in microscope are received and displayed by a smartphone. We carried out a variety of microfluidic experiments such as induced-charge electroosmosis (ICEO), particle beam exit switching, thermal buoyancy flow and dielectrophoresis (DEP) on the PGMD. In addition, the PGMD can perform rapid microalgae concentration estimation in an outdoor environment, which can be used to guide microalgae cultivation, further demonstrating the development potential of this device in the field of microbial applications. Numerous results show that the PGMD has a high degree of integration and strong reliability, which expands the application of microfluidic electrokinetic experiments and provides technical support for the integration and portability of microfluidic experimental devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kaihao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiyu Liu
- School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang'an University, Middle-Section of Nan'er Huan Road, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Rui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenyou Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yukun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, West Da-zhi Street 92, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Feng H, Wong TN. Net fluid flow and non-Newtonian effect in induced-charge electro-osmosis of polyelectrolyte solutions. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:013105. [PMID: 31499862 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.013105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports an interesting net fluid flow in the induced-charge electro-osmosis (ICEO) of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (NaPSS) solutions measured through microparticle image velocimetry (μPIV). The net fluid flow is attributed to the significantly unequal cations and poly-anions of NaPSS. Owing to the phase delay effect of ions, different flow patterns appear with the alternating electric field. The inflow velocity and outflow velocity are found to be unequal and their relative magnitude shows a dependence on the electric field strength. The ICEO velocity is positively correlated with the NaPSS concentration. As NaPSS introduces the non-Newtonian effect, the well-known quadratic relationship between ICEO velocity and electric field strength in Newtonian fluids breaks. The ICEO velocity varies differently with the electric field strength as the NaPSS concentration changes. These new findings can contribute to the understanding of ICEO of complex fluids, e.g., biofluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huicheng Feng
- Unmanned System Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Teck Neng Wong
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hossan MR, Dutta D, Islam N, Dutta P. Review: Electric field driven pumping in microfluidic device. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:702-731. [PMID: 29130508 PMCID: PMC5832652 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pumping of fluids with precise control is one of the key components in a microfluidic device. The electric field has been used as one of the most popular and efficient nonmechanical pumping mechanism to transport fluids in microchannels from the very early stage of microfluidic technology development. This review presents fundamental physics and theories of the different microscale phenomena that arise due to the application of an electric field in fluids, which can be applied for pumping of fluids in microdevices. Specific mechanisms considered in this report are electroosmosis, AC electroosmosis, AC electrothermal, induced charge electroosmosis, traveling wave dielectrophoresis, and liquid dielectrophoresis. Each phenomenon is discussed systematically with theoretical rigor and role of relevant key parameters are identified for pumping in microdevices. We specifically discussed the electric field driven body force term for each phenomenon using generalized Maxwell stress tensor as well as simplified effective dipole moment based method. Both experimental and theoretical works by several researchers are highlighted in this article for each electric field driven pumping mechanism. The detailed understanding of these phenomena and relevant key parameters are critical for better utilization, modulation, and selection of appropriate phenomenon for efficient pumping in a specific microfluidic application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad R. Hossan
- Department of Engineering and Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Diganta Dutta
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Nazmul Islam
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, TX, USA
| | - Prashanta Dutta
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Das D, Phan DT, Zhao Y, Kang Y, Chan V, Yang C. A multi-module microfluidic platform for continuous pre-concentration of water-soluble ions and separation of oil droplets from oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions using a DC-biased AC electrokinetic technique. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:645-652. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhiman Das
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Dinh-Tuan Phan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Yugang Zhao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Yuejun Kang
- Faculty of Materials and Energy; Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
| | - Vincent Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Khalifa University; Abu Dhabi Campus United Arab Emirates
| | - Chun Yang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cen GJ, Chang CC, Wang CY. Optimizing electroosmotic flow in an annulus from Debye Hückel approximation to Poisson–Boltzmann equation. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27105g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal EO pumping rates on the plane of zeta potentials with distribution of the inner radius of annular tube.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gan-Jun Cen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
- Institute of Applied Mechanics and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences
| | - Chien-Cheng Chang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
- Institute of Applied Mechanics and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences
| | - Chang-Yi Wang
- Departments of Mathematics and Mechanical Engineering
- Michigan State University
- East Lansing
- USA
| |
Collapse
|