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Li X, Guo W, Xu R, Song Z, Ni T. The interaction mechanism between gold nanoparticles and proteins: Lysozyme, trypsin, pepsin, γ-globulin, and hemoglobin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 272:120983. [PMID: 35149482 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the interaction between gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and proteins (including lysozyme, trypsin, pepsin, γ-globulin and hemoglobin) was investigated by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and protein activity assay. AuNPs was synthesized using reduction of HAuCl4 with sodium citrate. The formation of AuNPs was confirmed from the characteristic surface plasmon resonance band at 521 nm and transmission electron microscopy revealed the average particle size was about 10 nm. The results reveal that AuNPs can interact with proteins to form a "protein corona (PC)", but the protein concentration required to form a relatively stable PC is not the same. The quenching mechanism of proteins by AuNPs is arisen from static quenching. The binding constants of AuNPs with proteins are in the range from 106 to 1010 L mol-1, and the order is pepsin > γ-globulin > hemoglobin > trypsin > lysozyme at 298 K. Van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds are the main forces for the lysozyme-AuNPs system. The interaction between trypsin/pepsin/γ-globulin/hemoglobin and AuNPs is mainly by hydrophobic interaction. The addition of AuNPs has an effect on the secondary structure of proteins as confirmed from CD spectra. The change in secondary structure of different proteins is different and seems to have little relation with the binding constant. The activity of lysozyme/trypsin/pepsin decreases with the addition of AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Li
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Probes, School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Probes, School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Ruonan Xu
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Probes, School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Zhizhi Song
- Grade 2020, Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Tianjun Ni
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Probes, School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
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Mostafa O, Saleh HM, Salaheldin TA, Elfeky SA. Fluorescein/gold nanoparticles conjugated EGFR antibody for imaging and P53 upregulation in hamster mucosal cells carcinoma. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Cui T, Ma Y, Yang JY, Liu S, Wang Z, Zhang F, Wang J, Cai T, Dong L, Hong J, Qian H, Zhang C, Ding Y. Protein corona-guided tumor targeting therapy via the surface modulation of low molecular weight PEG. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5883-5891. [PMID: 33725081 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00426c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of protein corona (PC) formed on the surface of nanomaterials has promoted research on PC regulation to guide the biological behavior of nanomaterials in vivo. Different from changing the size, shape, and surface charge of nanoparticles, we propose to control the nature of PC by adjusting the molecular weight of low molecular weight polyethylene glycol (LMW PEG, not more than 1000 Da) on the surface of the particles. After excluding the influence of physicochemical factors of PEGylated gold nanoparticles (GNPs), different proteins on the surface of PEGylated GNPs were separated and identified after incubation with human plasma. It is noted that GNP-550 bearing PEG chains of 550 Da absorbed more transferrin responsible for tumor targeting than the other two particles, i.e., GNP-350 and GNP-1000. To validate our speculation, doxorubicin (Dox) was inserted between GNPs and PEGs to explore the cellular and animal studies of Dox-conjugated GNPs. Interestingly, Dox-containing Conj-550 also showed the highest intracellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis against HepG2 cells, as well as the best tumor targeting effect and antitumor efficacy in Heps-bearing mice. This protein corona-guided tumor targeting therapy by transferrin provides a new perspective on the function modulation of nanomedicine via LMW PEGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Sun C, Lu J, Wang J, Hao P, Li C, Qi L, Yang L, He B, Zhong Z, Hao N. Redox-sensitive polymeric micelles with aggregation-induced emission for bioimaging and delivery of anticancer drugs. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:14. [PMID: 33413405 PMCID: PMC7791786 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00761-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nano-drug delivery systems show considerable promise for effective cancer therapy. Polymeric micelles have attracted extensive attention as practical nanocarriers for target drug delivery and controlled drug delivery system, however, the distribution of micelles and the release of the drug are difficult to trace in cancer cells. Therefore, the construction of a redox-sensitive multifunctional drug delivery system for intelligent release of anticancer drugs and simultaneous diagnostic imaging and therapy remains an attractive research subject. RESULTS To construct a smart drug delivery system for simultaneous imaging and cancer chemotherapy, mPEG-ss-Tripp was prepared and self-assembled into redox-sensitive polymeric micelles with a diameter of 105 nm that were easily detected within cells using confocal laser scanning microscopy based on aggregation-induced emission. Doxorubicin-loaded micelles rapidly released the drug intracellularly when GSH reduced the disulfide bond. The drug-loaded micelles inhibited tumor xenografts in mice, while this efficacy was lower without the GSH-responsive disulfide bridge. These results establish an innovative multi-functional polymeric micelle for intracellular imaging and redox-triggered drug deliver to cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS A novel redox-sensitive drug delivery system with AIE property was constructed for simultaneous cellular imaging and intelligent drug delivery and release. This smart drug delivery system opens up new possibilities for multifunctional drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhen Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Ji Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Ping Hao
- Biological group, Beijing Huimin School, Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Bin He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zhirong Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Na Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Ma Y, Hong J, Ding Y. Biological Behavior Regulation of Gold Nanoparticles via the Protein Corona. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901448. [PMID: 32080976 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
One of the difficulties in the translation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) into clinical practice is the formation of the protein corona (PC) that causes the discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo performance of GNPs. The PC formed on the surface of GNPs gives them a biological identity instead of an initial synthetic one. In most instances, this biological identity increases the particle size, leads to more clearance by the reticuloendothelial system, and causes less uptake by target cells. However, the performance of GNPs can still be improved by rewriting their original surface chemistry via the PC. This review specifically focuses on discussing the main influence factors, including the biological environment and physicochemical properties of GNPs, which affect the production and status of the PC. The status of the PC such as the amount, thickness, and composition subsequently influence the biological behavior of GNPs, especially their cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, biodistribution, and tumor targeting. Further understanding and revealing the impacts of the PC on the biological behavior of GNPs can be a promising and important strategy to regulate and improve the performance of GNP-based biosystems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and PharmacovigilanceMinistry of EducationChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Jin Hong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional MaterialsSchool of SciencesMinistry of EducationChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Ya Ding
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and PharmacovigilanceMinistry of EducationChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
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Liu B, Zhang H, Ding Y. Au-Fe3O4 heterostructures for catalytic, analytical, and biomedical applications. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Hong J, Chen YF, Ma Y, Zhang FF, Wang CM, Ding Y. Surface Modifier Effects on Gold Nanoprobe for the Assay of Matrix Metalloproteinases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials; School of Sciences; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Fen-Fen Zhang
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Chun-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine; Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences; University of Macau; Macau SAR 999078 China
| | - Ya Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
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Hong J, Chen YF, Shen JJ, Ding Y. Noninvasive Detection and Imaging of Matrix Metalloproteinases for Cancer Diagnosis. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-017-0036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Cui T, Liang JJ, Chen H, Geng DD, Jiao L, Yang JY, Qian H, Zhang C, Ding Y. Performance of Doxorubicin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles: Regulation of Drug Location. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8569-8580. [PMID: 28218512 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Drug-conjugated gold nanoparticles (GNPs), which are generally constructed with many molecules of thiol-terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG)-drug decorated on their surfaces via a thiol-Au covalent bond, are promising and efficient nanoprodrugs. However, because of the exposure of the hydrophobic drug molecules on the surface of the conjugate, in vivo stability, opsonization, and subsequent inefficient therapy become the main issues of this system. To solve these problems without complicating the structures of gold conjugates, herein we propose a method to change the relative position of PEG and the drug. A novel gold conjugate (GNP-NHN═Dox-mPEG) with doxorubicin (Dox) shielded by PEGylation on the surface of GNPs is designed. It demonstrates improved solubility, stability, and dispersion and achieves a two-step stimulus-responsive drug release in response to an acidic environment in lysosomes and then esterase in the cytoplasm. This unique manner of release enables the cytoplasm to act as a reservoir for sustained drug delivery into the nucleus to improve antitumor efficacy in vivo. The intratumoral drug concentrations of the conjugate reach 14.4 ± 1.4 μg/g at 8 h, a two-fold increase in the drug concentration compared with that of the doxorubicin hydrochloride group. This molecular design and regulation approach is facile but important in modulating the in vivo performance of nanovehicles and demonstrates its vital potential in developing effective nanoparticle-based drug delivery agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ‡Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, and §Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Juan-Juan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ‡Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, and §Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ‡Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, and §Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dong-Dong Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ‡Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, and §Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ‡Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, and §Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian-Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ‡Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, and §Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hai Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ‡Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, and §Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Can Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ‡Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, and §Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ya Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ‡Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, and §Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
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