Lithium hydroxide as a high capacity adsorbent for CO2 capture: experimental, modeling and DFT simulation

In this work, the potential of monohydrate Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) as a high capacity adsorbent for CO₂ capture was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The effects of operating parameters, including temperature, pressure, LiOH particle size and LiOH loading, on the CO₂ capture in a fixed-bed reactor have been experimentally explored using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design. The optimum conditions obtained by the RSM for temperature, pressure, mesh and maximum adsorption capacity were calculated as 333 K, 4.72 bar, 200 micron and 559.39 mg/g, respectively. The experiments were evaluated using isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic modeling. Isotherm modeling showed that Hill model could deliver a perfect fit to the experimental data, based on the closeness of the R²-value to unity. The kinetics models showed that the process was chemical adsorption and obeyed the second order model. In addition, thermodynamic analysis results showed that the CO₂ adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. In addition, based on the density functional theory, we investigated the chemical stability of LiOH atomic clusters and examined the effects of LiOH nanonization on the physical attraction of carbon dioxide.

Trends in Research and Development for CO2 Capture and Sequestration

Technological and medical advances over the past few decades epitomize human capabilities. However, the increased life expectancies and concomitant land-use changes have significantly contributed to the release of ∼830 gigatons of CO₂ into the atmosphere over the last three decades, an amount comparable to the prior two and a half centuries of CO₂ emissions. The United Nations has adopted a pledge to achieve "net zero", i.e., yearly removing as much CO₂ from the atmosphere as the amount emitted due to human activities, by the year 2050. Attaining this goal will require a concerted effort by scientists, policy makers, and industries all around the globe. The development of novel materials on industrial scales to selectively remove CO₂ from mixtures of gases makes it possible to mitigate CO₂ emissions using a multipronged approach. Broadly, the CO₂ present in the atmosphere can be captured using materials and processes for biological, chemical, and geological technologies that can sequester CO₂ while also reducing our dependence on fossil-fuel reserves. In this review, we used the curated literature available in the CAS Content Collection to present a systematic analysis of the various approaches taken by scientists and industrialists to restore carbon balance in the environment. Our analysis highlights the latest trends alongside the associated challenges.

Experimental and theoretical studies on efficient carbon dioxide capture using novel bis(3-aminopropyl)amine (APA)-activated aqueous 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) solutions

The present study investigates the absorption of CO₂, into novel bis(3-aminopropyl)amine (APA)-activated aqueous solutions of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), using a wetted-wall column absorber.