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Gomez-Lopez S, Serrano R, Cohen B, Martinez-Argudo I, Lopez-Sanz L, Guadamillas MC, Calero R, Ruiz MJ. Novel Titanocene Y derivative with albumin affinity exhibits improved anticancer activity against platinum resistant cells. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 254:112520. [PMID: 38460481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The antitumor activity of Ti(IV)-based compounds put them in the spotlight for cancer treatment in the past, but their lack of stability in vivo due to a high rate of hydrolysis has hindered their development as antitumor drugs. As a possible solution for this problem, we have reported a synthesis strategy through which we combined a titanocene fragment, a tridentate ligand, and a long aliphatic chain. This strategy allowed us to generate a titanium compound (Myr-Ti) capable of interacting with albumin, highly stable in water and with cytotoxic activity in tumor cells[1]. Following a similar strategy, now we report the synthesis of a new compound (Myr-TiY) derived from titanocene Y that shows antitumoral activity in a cisplatin resistant model with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 41-76 μM. This new compound shows high stability and a strong interaction with human serum albumin. Myr-TiY has a significant antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect on the tested cancer cells and shows potential tumor selectivity when assayed in non-tumor human epithelial cells being more selective (1.3-3.8 times) for tumor cells than cisplatin. These results lead us to think that the described synthesis strategy could be useful to generate compounds for the treatment of both cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Gomez-Lopez
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Rosario Serrano
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Inorgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Boiko Cohen
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; INAMOL, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Isabel Martinez-Argudo
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Sanz
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Marta Carmen Guadamillas
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Raul Calero
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Inorgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Inorgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; INAMOL, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
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2
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Li S, Zhang X, Zhao T, Liu N, Zhang Y, Wang P, Yang Z, Huhn T. Synthesis, in vitro antitumor evaluation and structure activity relationship of heptacoordinated amino-bis(Phenolato) Ti(IV) complexes stabilized by 2,6-dipicolinic acid. J Biol Inorg Chem 2024; 29:315-330. [PMID: 38722397 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-024-02059-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Eighteen novel Ti(IV) complexes stabilized by different chelating amino-bis(phenolato) (ONNO, ONON, ONOO) ligands and 2,6-dipicolinic acid as a second chelator were synthesized with isolated yields ranging from 79 to 93%. Complexes were characterized by 1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, as well as by HRMS and X-Ray diffraction analysis. The good to excellent aqueous stability of these Ti(IV) complexes can be modulated by the substitutions on the 2-position of the phenolato ligands. Most of the synthesized Ti(IV) complexes demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against Hela S3 and Hep G2 tumor cells. Among them, the naphthalenyl based Salan type 2j, 2-picolylamine based [ONON] type 2n and N-(2-hydroxyethyl) based [ONOO] type 2p demonstrated up to 40 folds enhanced cytotoxicity compared to cisplatin together with a significantly reduced activity against healthy AML12 cells. The three Ti(IV) complexes exhibited fast cellular uptake by Hela S3 cells and induced almost exclusively apoptosis. 2j could trigger higher level of ROS generation than 2p and 2n.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanjia Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xupeng Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiankun Zhao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongduo Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Thomas Huhn
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.
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Kostova I. Anticancer Metallocenes and Metal Complexes of Transition Elements from Groups 4 to 7. Molecules 2024; 29:824. [PMID: 38398576 PMCID: PMC10891901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
With the progression in the field of bioinorganic chemistry, the role of transition metal complexes as the most widely used therapeutics is becoming a more and more attractive research area. The complexes of transition metals possess a great variety of attractive pharmacological properties, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-infective, etc., activities. Transition metal complexes have proven to be potential alternatives to biologically active organic compounds, especially as antitumor agents. The performance of metal coordination compounds in living systems is anticipated to differ generally from the action of non-metal-containing drugs and may offer unique diagnostic and/or therapeutic opportunities. In this review, the rapid development and application of metallocenes and metal complexes of elements from Groups 4 to 7 in cancer diagnostics and therapy have been summarized. Most of the heavy metals discussed in the current review are newly discovered metals. That is why the use of their metal-based compounds has attracted a lot of attention concerning their organometallic and coordination chemistry. All of this imposes more systematic studies on their biological activity, biocompatibility, and toxicity and presupposes further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Kostova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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4
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Zhao T, Wang P, Liu N, Zhao W, Yang M, Li S, Yang Z, Sun B, Huhn T. Synthesis and X-ray structure analysis of cytotoxic heptacoordinated Salan hafnium (IV) complexes stabilized with 2,6-dipicolinic acid. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 240:112094. [PMID: 36525714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Four novel Salan Hf(IV) complexes stabilized by 2,6-dipicolinic acid (Dipic) were synthesized and characterized by 1H, 13C NMR and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. These Hf(IV)bis-chelates could be obtained in good to excellent yields (88%-91%) and demonstrated rather good stability in aqueous media and on silica gel. [L2Hf(IV)Dipic4-H,Cl] containing steric bulk L2 were stable in about 10% H2O (H2O/THF (v/v)), however, [L1Hf(IV)Dipic4-H,Cl] with non-steric L1 could slowly dissociate and release nontoxic L1. [L1-2Hf(IV)Dipic4-Cl] showed excellent anti-tumoral activity in the range of cisplatin (Hela S3: IC50 = 3.5 ± 0.4 μM, Hep G2: IC50 = 11.2 ± 2.1 μM). In addition, the cellular uptake and apoptosis investigation of [L1Hf(IV)Dipic4-Cl] suggested a fast cellular uptake process against Hela S3 cells with an almost exclusive induced apoptosis cell death path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiankun Zhao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Wenzhuo Zhao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Mingjun Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Shanjia Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Zhongduo Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Bolu Sun
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Thomas Huhn
- Fachbereich Chemie and Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
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Kerr RWF, Williams CK. Zr(IV) Catalyst for the Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Anhydrides (A) with Epoxides (B), Oxetane (B), and Tetrahydrofurans (C) to Make ABB- and/or ABC-Poly(ester- alt-ethers). J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6882-6893. [PMID: 35388696 PMCID: PMC9084548 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ester-alt-ethers) can combine beneficial ether linkage flexibility and polarity with ester linkage hydrolysability, furnishing fully degradable polymers. Despite their promising properties, this class of polymers remains underexplored, in part due to difficulties in polymer synthesis. Here, a catalyzed copolymerization using commercially available monomers, butylene oxide (BO)/oxetane (OX), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and phthalic anhydride (PA), accesses a series of well-defined poly(ester-alt-ethers). A Zr(IV) catalyst is reported that yields polymer repeat units comprising a ring-opened PA (A), followed by two ring-opened cyclic ethers (B/C) (-ABB- or -ABC-). It operates with high polymerization control, good rate, and successfully enchains epoxides, oxetane, and/or tetrahydrofurans, providing a straightforward means to moderate the distance between ester linkages. Kinetic analysis of PA/BO copolymerization, with/without THF, reveals an overall second-order rate law: first order in both catalyst and butylene oxide concentrations but zero order in phthalic anhydride and, where it is present, zero order in THF. Poly(ester-alt-ethers) have lower glass-transition temperatures (-16 °C < Tg < 12 °C) than the analogous alternating polyesters, consistent with the greater backbone flexibility. They also show faster ester hydrolysis rates compared with the analogous AB polymers. The Zr(IV) catalyst furnishes poly(ester-alt-ethers) from a range of commercially available epoxides and anhydride; it presents a straightforward method to moderate degradable polymers' properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W F Kerr
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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Serrano R, Martinez-Argudo I, Fernandez-Sanchez M, Pacheco-Liñan PJ, Bravo I, Cohen B, Calero R, Ruiz MJ. New titanocene derivative with improved stability and binding ability to albumin exhibits high anticancer activity. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 223:111562. [PMID: 34364140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Titanium-based therapies have emerged as a promising alternative for the treatment of cancer patients, particularly those with cisplatin resistant tumors. Unfortunately, some titanium compounds show stability and solubility problems that have hindered their use in clinical practice. Here, we designed and synthesized a new titanium complex containing a titanocene fragment, a tridentate ligand to improve its stability in water, and a long aliphatic chain, designed to facilitate a non-covalent interaction with albumin, the most abundant protein in human serum. The stability and human serum albumin affinity of the resulting titanium complex was investigated by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. Complex [TiCp2{(OOC)2py-O-myr}] (3) (myr = C14H29, py = pyridine) and its analogous [TiCp2{(OOC)2py-OH}] (4), lacking the aliphatic chain, showed improved stability in phosphate saline buffer compared with [TiCp2Cl2] (1). 3 showed a strong interaction with human serum albumin in a 1:1 stoichiometry. The cytotoxic effect of 3 was higher compared to [TiCp2Cl2] in tumor cell lines and showed potential tumor selectivity when assayed in non-tumor human epithelial cells. Finally, 3 showed an antiproliferative effect on cancer cells, decreasing the population in the S phase, and increasing apoptotic cells in a significant manner. All this makes the novel Ti(IV) compound 3 a firm candidate to continue further studies of its therapeutic potential in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Serrano
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Inorgánica y Bioquímica, Spain
| | - Isabel Martinez-Argudo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Spain
| | - Miguel Fernandez-Sanchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Pedro J Pacheco-Liñan
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Farmacia, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Spain
| | - Ivan Bravo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Farmacia, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Spain
| | - Boiko Cohen
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, INAMOL, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Raul Calero
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Inorgánica y Bioquímica, Spain.
| | - Maria Jose Ruiz
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Inorgánica y Bioquímica, Spain
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7
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Salan vs. salen metal complexes in catalysis and medicinal applications: Virtues and pitfalls. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yao NT, Zhang RF, Zhang SL, Li QL, Ma CL. A novel octa-nuclear 32-membered zirconocene macrocycle based on the aromatic selenite. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:524-528. [PMID: 27966730 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04061f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel macrocyclic zirconocene(iv) aromatic selenite [(CpZr)8L16]·2(Cp4Zr2(μ-O)Cl2) (complex 1) (Cp = cyclopentadienyl anion; L = 4-fluorobenzeneseleninic acid) was prepared by the reaction of bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride with 4-fluorobenzeneseleninic acid and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy, ESI-MS, XRD and X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Tao Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- China
| | - Ru-Fen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- China
| | - Shao-Liang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- China
| | - Qian-Li Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- China
| | - Chun-Lin Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- China
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