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Moon BJ, Kim SJ, Lee A, Oh Y, Lee SK, Lee SH, Kim TW, Hong BH, Bae S. Structure-controllable growth of nitrogenated graphene quantum dots via solvent catalysis for selective C-N bond activation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5879. [PMID: 34620858 PMCID: PMC8497556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Photophysical and photochemical properties of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) strongly depend on their morphological and chemical features. However, systematic and uniform manipulation of the chemical structures of GQDs remains challenging due to the difficulty in simultaneous control of competitive reactions, i.e., growth and doping, and the complicated post-purification processes. Here, we report an efficient and scalable production of chemically tailored N-doped GQDs (NGs) with high uniformity and crystallinity via a simple one-step solvent catalytic reaction for the thermolytic self-assembly of molecular precursors. We find that the graphitization of N-containing precursors during the formation of NGs can be modulated by intermolecular interaction with solvent molecules, the mechanism of wh ich is evidenced by theoretical calculations and various spectroscopic analyses. Given with the excellent visible-light photoresponse and photocatalytic activity of NGs, it is expected that the proposed approach will promote the practical utilization of GQDs for various applications in the near future. Photophysical and photochemical features of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) strongly depend on their chemical nature that remains challenging to be controlled in a systematic and uniform manner. Here the authors report an efficient solvent-catalyst-aided growth of chemically tailored N-doped GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Joon Moon
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Kim
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Lee
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Yelin Oh
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung-Ki Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Lee
- The School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kim
- Department of Flexible and Printable Electronics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Graphene Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukang Bae
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea.
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Kuepfert M, Qu P, Cohen AE, Hoyt CB, Jones CW, Weck M. Reversible Photoswitching in Poly(2-oxazoline) Nanoreactors. Chemistry 2020; 26:11776-11781. [PMID: 32270529 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This contribution reports light responsive catalytic nanoreactors based on poly(2-oxazoline) diblock copolymers. The hydrophobic block of the copolymer is a random copolymer consisting of a spiropyran functionalized 2-oxazoline (SPOx) and 2-(but-3-yn-1-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole (ButynOx), while the hydrophilic block is based on 2-methyl-2-oxazoline (MeOx). The block copolymer is terminated with tris(2-aminoethyl) amine (TREN) that serves as catalyst in a Knoevenagel condensation. Four block copolymers with different ButynOx/SPOx and hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratios are synthesized and self-assembled through solvent exchange. Micelles and vesicles of various sizes are observed by TEM, which undergo morphological and size changes in response to irradiation with UV light. We hypothesize that these transformations in the nanostructures are caused by increases in the hydrophilicity of the hydrophobic block when spiropyran (SP) isomerizes to merocyanine (MC) in the presence of UV light. The reversible transition from micellar to vesicular nanoreactors resulted in increased reaction kinetics through improved substrate accessibility to the catalytic site, or termination of the catalytic reaction due to polymer precipitation. These nanoreactors present a promising platform towards photoregulating reaction outcomes based on changes in nanostructure morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kuepfert
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Peiyuan Qu
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Aaron E Cohen
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Caroline B Hoyt
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0100, USA
| | - Christopher W Jones
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0100, USA
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
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Galli P, Bertarelli C, Moretti P, Ortica F, Benassi E, Bianco A. Photo-Fries reaction in acetoxyphenyl thiophenes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Haldar R, Heinke L, Wöll C. Advanced Photoresponsive Materials Using the Metal-Organic Framework Approach. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1905227. [PMID: 31763731 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
When fabricating macroscopic devices exploiting the properties of organic chromophores, the corresponding molecules need to be condensed into a solid material. Since optical absorption properties are often strongly affected by interchromophore interactions, solids with a well-defined structure carry substantial advantages over amorphous materials. Here, the metal-organic framework (MOF)-based approach is presented. By appropriate functionalization, most organic chromophores can be converted to function as linkers, which can coordinate to metal or metal-oxo centers so as to yield stable, crystalline frameworks. Photoexcitations in such chromophore-based MOFs are surveyed, with a special emphasis on light-switchable MOFs from photochromic molecules. The conventional powder form of MOFs obtained using solvothermal approaches carries certain disadvantages for optical applications, such as limited efficiency resulting from absorption and light scattering caused by the (micrometer-sized) powder particles. How these problems can be avoided by using MOF thin films is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Haldar
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Lars Heinke
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof Wöll
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Qiu S, Cui S, Shi F, Pu S. Novel Diarylethene-Based Fluorescent Switching for the Detection of Al 3+ and Construction of Logic Circuit. ACS Omega 2019; 4:14841-14848. [PMID: 31552323 PMCID: PMC6751689 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel photochromic diarylethene was synthesized successfully containing a phthalazine unit. Its multistate fluorescence switching properties were investigated by stimulating with UV/vis lights and Al3+/EDTA. The synthesized diarylethene displayed excellent selectivity to Al3+ with a distinct fluorescence change, revealing that it could be used as a sensor for fluorescence identification of Al3+, and a logic circuit was constructed by utilizing this diarylethene molecular platform. Moreover, it also exhibited a high accuracy for the determination of Al3+ in practical water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyu Qiu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of
Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology
Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shiqiang Cui
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of
Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology
Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Fu Shi
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of
Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology
Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shouzhi Pu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of
Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology
Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
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Pereira F, Aires-de-Sousa J. Machine learning for the prediction of molecular dipole moments obtained by density functional theory. J Cheminform 2018; 10:43. [PMID: 30136001 PMCID: PMC6104469 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-018-0296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) algorithms were explored for the fast estimation of molecular dipole moments calculated by density functional theory (DFT) by B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) on the basis of molecular descriptors generated from DFT-optimized geometries and partial atomic charges obtained by empirical or ML schemes. A database was used with 10,071 structures, new molecular descriptors were designed and the models were validated with external test sets. Several ML algorithms were screened. Random forest regression models predicted an external test set of 3368 compounds achieving mean absolute error up to 0.44 D. The results represent a significant improvement of the dipole moments calculated using empirical point charges located at the nucleus, even assuming the DFT-optimized geometry (root mean square error, RMSE, of 0.68 D vs. 1.53 D and R2 = 0.87 vs. 0.66).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Florbela Pereira
- LAQV and REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - João Aires-de-Sousa
- LAQV and REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
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