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Rothfischer F, Vogt M, Kopperger E, Gerland U, Simmel FC. From Brownian to Deterministic Motor Movement in a DNA-Based Molecular Rotor. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5224-5230. [PMID: 38640250 PMCID: PMC11066961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Molecular devices that have an anisotropic periodic potential landscape can be operated as Brownian motors. When the potential landscape is cyclically switched with an external force, such devices can harness random Brownian fluctuations to generate a directed motion. Recently, directed Brownian motor-like rotatory movement was demonstrated with an electrically switched DNA origami rotor with designed ratchet-like obstacles. Here, we demonstrate that the intrinsic anisotropy of DNA origami rotors is also sufficient to result in motor movement. We show that for low amplitudes of an external switching field, such devices operate as Brownian motors, while at higher amplitudes, they behave deterministically as overdamped electrical motors. We characterize the amplitude and frequency dependence of the movements, showing that after an initial steep rise, the angular speed peaks and drops for excessive driving amplitudes and frequencies. The rotor movement can be well described by a simple stochastic model of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Rothfischer
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Matthias Vogt
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Enzo Kopperger
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ulrich Gerland
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Friedrich C. Simmel
- Department of Bioscience,
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical
University Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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2
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Caballero D, Reis RL, Kundu SC. Trapping metastatic cancer cells with mechanical ratchet arrays. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:202-214. [PMID: 37619895 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Current treatments for cancer, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery, have positive results but are generally ineffective against metastatic tumors. Treatment effectiveness can be improved by employing bioengineered cancer traps, typically utilizing chemoattractant-loaded materials, to attract infiltrating cancer cells preventing their uncontrolled spread and potentially enabling eradication. However, the encapsulated chemical compounds can have adverse effects on other cells causing unwanted responses, and the generated gradients can evolve unpredictably. Here, we report the development of a cancer trap based on mechanical ratchet structures to capture metastatic cells. The traps use an array of asymmetric local features to mechanically attract cancer cells and direct their migration for prolonged periods. The trapping efficiency was found to be greater than isotropic or inverse anisotropic ratchet structures on either disseminating cancer cells and tumor spheroids. Importantly, the traps exhibited a reduced effectiveness when targeting non-metastatic and non-tumorigenic cells, underscoring their particular suitability for capturing highly invasive cancer cells. Overall, this original approach may have therapeutic implications for fighting cancer, and may also be used to control cell motility for other biological processes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Current cancer treatments have limitations in treating metastatic tumors, where cancer cells can invade distant organs. Biomaterials loaded with chemoattractants can be implanted to attract and capture metastatic cells preventing uncontrolled spread. However, encapsulated chemical compounds can have adverse effects on other cells, and gradients can evolve unpredictably. This paper presents an original concept of "cancer traps" based on using mechanical ratchet-based structures to capture metastatic cancer cells, with greater trapping efficiency and stability than previously studied methods. This innovative approach has significant potential clinical implications for fighting cancer, particularly in treating metastatic tumors. Additionally, it could be applied to control cell motility for other biological processes, opening new possibilities for biomedicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Caballero
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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3
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Wang Z, Hao J. Controlling the transport of the mixture involving active and passive rods in confined channel. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:6368-6375. [PMID: 37577816 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00523b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The transport of the binary mixture of self-propelled rods (SPRs) and passive rods in the asymmetric conjugate periodic channel is studied by dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations. It is found that the autonomous pumping of the binary mixture of active and passive rods can be achieved by either the individual or collective behaviour of SPRs. More specifically, the transport of passive rods can be driven through the individual, collective jostlement of the active rods, and crowding out effect. The strength of self-propulsion, rod length, rod concentration, and geometric feature of the channel determines the mechanism of pumping. In addition, the drift of the binary mixture can be in the positive and negative directions of the channel or the currents of SPRs and passive rods in opposite directions and relies on the geometric feature of the channel and concentration of the two species. Overall, our simulation study offers an efficient approach of flow control for both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjia Wang
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Junhua Hao
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Renai College, Tianjin 301636, China.
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4
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Deshwal A, Gill AK, Nain S, Patra D, Maiti S. Inhibitory effect of nucleotides on acetylcholine esterase activity and its microflow-based actuation in blood plasma. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3501-3504. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00029f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of nucleotides on the catalytic activity of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) was rationalized and similar inhibition trend was observed when analyzing the macroscopic fluid flow generated by surface...
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Wang Z, Hao J, Wang X, Xu J, Yang B. Enhancing directed collective motion of self-propelled particles in confined channel. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:415101. [PMID: 34229313 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac117c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The collective transport of the self-propelled rods (SPRs) is studied by dissipative particle dynamics simulations. Two types of channels (channel I and channel II) are taken into account for various rod concentrations. It is found that in channel I-the asymmetric corrugated channel with periodically varying width, some SPRs are trapped at the corners and form the hedgehog clusters. Other SPRs aggregate at the bottleneck and lead to a traffic jam. Consequently, channel I is inefficient for the directional SPR transport in the case of finite concentration. To achieve efficient collective particle transport, channel II-the channel with constant width and arrays of asymmetric obstacles within it, which can avoid the traffic clogging and hedgehog aggregate is suggested. It is found that the swimmer-obstacle interaction gives rise to the directional motion, the spacing between obstacles can avoid the formation of the hedgehog clusters. The high-efficiency directional collective motion of the SPRs is acquired in channel II. Overall, our simulation study offers an efficient approach for directional collective motion of SPRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjia Wang
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Ultra-precision Intelligent Instrumentation (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Hao
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Renai College, Tianjin 301636, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Production Support Brigade, No. 3 Oil Production Company, Daqing 163000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Xu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
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Naji M, Yelekli Kirici E, Javili A, Erdem EY. Describing Droplet Motion on Surface-Textured Ratchet Tracks with an Inverted Double Pendulum Model. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:4810-4816. [PMID: 33852311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We describe the motion of a droplet on a textured ratchet track using a nonlinear resonator model. A textured ratchet track is composed of a semicircular pillar array that induces a net surface tension local gradient on a droplet placed on it. When a vertical vibration is applied, hysteresis is overcome, and the droplet moves toward the local lower energy barrier; however, due to the repetitive structure of texture, it keeps moving until the end of the track. The droplet motion depends on the amplitude and frequency of the vertical oscillation, and this dependence is nonlinear. Therefore, finding a fully analytic solution to represent this motion is not trivial. Consequently, the droplet motion remains poorly understood. In this study, we elaborate on the utility of a double pendulum as a basis for modeling the droplet motion on surfaces inducing asymmetric force. Similar to the droplet motion, resonators, such as a double pendulum, are simple, yet nonlinear systems. Moreover, an inverted double pendulum motion has key characteristics such as the two-phase motion and the double peak motion, which are also observed in the droplet motion. We use various data-processing methods to highlight the similarity between these two systems both qualitatively and quantitatively. After establishing this comparison, we propose a model that utilizes an inverted double pendulum mounted on a moving cart to successfully simulate the motion of a droplet on a ratchet track. This methodology will lead to the development of an accurate droplet-motion modeling approach, and we believe that it will be useful to understand droplet dynamics more deeply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayssam Naji
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | | | - Ali Javili
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - E Yegan Erdem
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Katuri J, Caballero D, Voituriez R, Samitier J, Sanchez S. Directed Flow of Micromotors through Alignment Interactions with Micropatterned Ratchets. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7282-7291. [PMID: 29949338 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To achieve control over naturally diffusive, out-of-equilibrium systems composed of self-propelled particles, such as cells or self-phoretic colloids, is a long-standing challenge in active matter physics. The inherently random motion of these active particles can be rectified in the presence of local and periodic asymmetric cues given that a nontrivial interaction exists between the self-propelled particle and the cues. Here, we exploit the phoretic and hydrodynamic interactions of synthetic micromotors with local topographical features to break the time-reversal symmetry of particle trajectories and to direct a macroscopic flow of micromotors. We show that the orientational alignment induced on the micromotors by the topographical features, together with their geometrical asymmetry, is crucial in generating directional particle flow. We also show that our system can be used to concentrate micromotors in confined spaces and identify the interactions leading to this effect. Finally, we develop a minimal model, which identifies the key parameters of the system responsible for the observed rectification. Overall, our system allows for robust control over both temporal and spatial distribution of synthetic micromotors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Katuri
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstr. 3 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - David Caballero
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering , University of Barcelona (UB) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería , Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) , Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5 , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Raphael Voituriez
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, UMR 7600 CNRS/UPMC, 4 Place Jussieu , 75255 Cedex Paris , France
- Laboratoire Jean Perrin, UMR 8237 CNRS/UPMC, 4 Place Jussieu , 75255 Cedex Paris , France
| | - Josep Samitier
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering , University of Barcelona (UB) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería , Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) , Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5 , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Samuel Sanchez
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
- Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Heisenbergstr. 3 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA) , Pg. Lluís Companys 23 , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
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Mannino RG, Qiu Y, Lam WA. Endothelial cell culture in microfluidic devices for investigating microvascular processes. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:042203. [PMID: 29861814 PMCID: PMC5953751 DOI: 10.1063/1.5024901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Numerous conditions and disease states such as sickle cell disease, malaria, thrombotic microangiopathy, and stroke significantly impact the microvasculature function and its role in disease progression. Understanding the role of cellular interactions and microvascular hemodynamic forces in the context of disease is crucial to understanding disease pathophysiology. In vivo models of microvascular disease using animal models often coupled with intravital microscopy have long been utilized to investigate microvascular phenomena. However, these methods suffer from some major drawbacks, including the inability to tightly and quantitatively control experimental conditions, the difficulty of imaging multiple microvascular beds within a living organism, and the inability to isolate specific microvascular geometries such as bifurcations. Thus, there exists a need for in vitro microvascular models that can mitigate the drawbacks associated with in vivo systems. To that end, microfluidics has been widely used to develop such models, as it allows for tight control of system inputs, facile imaging, and the ability to develop robust and repeatable systems with well-defined geometries. Incorporating endothelial cells to branching microfluidic models allows for the development of "endothelialized" systems that accurately recapitulate physiological microvessels. In this review, we summarize the field of endothelialized microfluidics, specifically focusing on fabrication methods, limitations, and applications of these systems. We then speculate on future directions and applications of these cutting edge technologies. We believe that this review of the field is of importance to vascular biologists and bioengineers who aim to utilize microfluidic technologies to solve vascular problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wilbur A. Lam
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: . Tel.: 404-727-7473. Present address: 448 Emory Children's Center, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Singh V, Wu CJ, Sheng YJ, Tsao HK. Self-Propulsion and Shape Restoration of Aqueous Drops on Sulfobetaine Silane Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:6182-6191. [PMID: 28551998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The motion of droplets on typical surfaces is generally halted by contact line pinning associated with contact angle hysteresis. In this study, it was shown that, on a zwitterionic sulfobetaine silane (SBSi)-coated surface, aqueous drops with appropriate solutes can demonstrate hysteresis-free behavior, whereas a pure water drop shows spontaneous spreading. By adding solutes such as polyethylene glycol, 2(2-butoxy ethoxy) ethanol, or sodium n-dodecyl sulfate, an aqueous drop with a small contact angle (disappearance of spontaneous spreading) was formed on SBSi surfaces. The initial drop shape was readily relaxed back to a circular shape (hysteresis-free behavior), even upon severe disturbances. Moreover, it was interesting to observe the self-propulsion of such a drop on horizontal SBSi surfaces in the absence of externally provided stimuli. The self-propelled drop tends to follow a random trajectory, and the continuous movement can last for at least 10 min. This self-propelled random motion can be attributed to the combined effects of the hysteresis-free surface and the Marangoni stress. The former comes from the total wetting property of the surface, while the latter originates from surface tension gradient due to fluctuating evaporation rates along the drop border.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vickramjeet Singh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University , Jhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Cyuan-Jhang Wu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University , Jhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jane Sheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Kwong Tsao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University , Jhongli 320, Taiwan
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