1
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang M, Song MX, Wang B, Qin Z. Spectral properties of B 40 enhanced by small molecule adsorption. RSC Adv 2023; 13:27957-27963. [PMID: 37736566 PMCID: PMC10510631 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04631a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The luminescence characteristics of small molecule excited B40 have not been studied yet, and it may have a potential application value in quantum dot luminescence. Herein, the adsorption and fluorescence emission spectra of small molecules (pyridine, pyrazine and benzene) adsorbed on B40 are studied using first-principles. The results show that the absorption of pyridine and pyrazine on B40 can form stable chemisorption structures pyridine-B40 and pyrazine-B40, while benzene adsorption can form physisorption structure benzene-B40. Moreover, the adsorbed pyridine can enhance the intensity of emission spectra of B40. And the pyrazine adsorbed can obviously enhance the intensity of absorption and emission spectra of B40 and cause the spectra to redshift to the visible light range. And the adsorption of benzene has almost no enhancement effect on absorption and emission spectra of B40. In addition, the influence of different computational basis sets on spectra characteristics has also been discussed and the results show that the main peaks of absorption and emission spectra calculated by the diffuse function augmented basis sets are redshifted relatively. This finding provides a strategy for quantum dot luminescence and a theoretical reference for experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
| | - Yunkai Zhang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
| | - Meiqi Wang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
| | - Ming-Xing Song
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Science, Northeast Electric Power University Jilin 131200 China
| | - Zhengkun Qin
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
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2
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Chen B, He K, Dai W, Gutsev GL, Lu C. Geometric and electronic diversity of metal doped boron clusters. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:183002. [PMID: 36827740 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acbf18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Being intermediate between small compounds and bulk materials, nanoparticles possess unique properties different from those of atoms, molecules, and bulk matter. In the past two decades, a combination of cluster structure prediction algorithms and experimental spectroscopy techniques was successfully used for exploration of the ground-state structures of pure and metal-doped boron clusters. The fruitfulness of this dual approach is well illustrated by the discovery of intriguing microstructures and unique physicochemical properties such as aromaticity and bond fluxionality for both boron and metal-doped boron clusters. Our review starts with an overview of geometrical configurations of pure boron clusters Bn, which are presented by planar, nanotube, bilayer, fullerene-like and core-shell structures, in a wide range ofnvalues. We consider next recent advances in studies of boron clusters doped with metal atoms paying close and thoughtful attention to modifications of geometric and electronic structures of pure boron clusters by heteroatoms. Finally, we discuss the possibility of constructing boron-based nanomaterials with specific functions from metal-boron clusters. Despite a variety of fruitful results obtained in numerous studies of boron clusters, the exploration of boron-based chemistry has not yet reached its peak. The intensive research continues in this area, and it should be expected that it brings exciting discoveries of intriguing new structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bole Chen
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihua He
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Hubei 448000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gennady L Gutsev
- Department of Physics, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States of America
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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3
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Yan QQ, Zhao X, Zhang T, Li SD. Perfect Core-Shell Octahedral B@B 38 + , Be@B 38 , and Zn@B 38 with an Octa-Coordinate Center as Superatoms Following the Octet Rule. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200947. [PMID: 36715013 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Planar, tubular, cage-like, and bilayer boron clusters Bn +/0/- (n=3∼48) have been observed in joint experimental and theoretical investigations in the past two decades. Based on extensive global searches augmented with first-principles theory calculations, we predict herein the smallest perfect core-shell octahedral borospherene Oh B@B38 + (1) and its endohedral metallo-borospherene analogs Oh Be@B38 (2), and Oh Zn@B38 (3) which, with an octa-coordinate B, Be or Zn atom located exactly at the center, turn out to be the well-defined global minima of the systems highly stable both thermodynamically and dynamically. B@B38 + (1) represents the first boron-containing molecule reported to date which contains an octa-coordinate B center covalently coordinated by eight face-capping boron atoms at the corners of a perfect cube in the first coordination sphere. Detailed natural bonding orbital (NBO) and adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) bonding analyses indicate that these high-symmetry core-shell complexes X@B38 +/0/- (X=B, Be, Zn) as super-noble gas atoms follow the octet rule in coordination bonding patterns (1S2 1P6 ), with one delocalized 9c-2e S-type coordination bond and three delocalized 39c-2e P-type coordination bonds formed between the octa-coordinate X center and its octahedral Oh B38 ligand to effectively stabilize the systems. Their IR, Raman, and UV-Vis spectra are computationally simulated to facilitate their spectroscopic characterizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Qiao Yan
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, China
| | - XiaoYun Zhao
- Department ofApplied Chemistry, Yuncheng University, 044000, Yuncheng, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, China
| | - Si-Dian Li
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, China
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4
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Hamadi H, Shakerzadeh E, Esrafili MD. Exploring the potential use of Fe-decorated B40 borospherene as a prospective catalyst for oxidation of methane to methanol. J Mol Graph Model 2022; 118:108369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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5
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Deng CH, Long ZW, Yang YJ, Li SX. Exploring electonic structure and spectral properties of nitrogen-doped boron clusters BnN with n=10–20. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Wang J, Liu X, Zhang W, Wang C, Qin Z. Magnetic coupling induced by the interaction between endohedral metal borofullerenes. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13401-13405. [PMID: 35520144 PMCID: PMC9066650 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01591a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Superatom-assembled materials have highly tunable magnetic and electronic properties and parameters of clusters. Here, eight superatom dimers composed of two U@B40 motifs have been studied by the density functional theory. Calculation results show that U@B40 dimers exhibit spin antiferromagnetic coupling, spin ferromagnetic coupling and nonmagnetic, that is, the magnetic coupling is induced by the interaction between the U@B40 superatoms. In addition, the monomers in U@B40 dimers still retain the superatomic orbitals, and some of the super atomic orbitals disappear due to the interaction between monomers. The assembly based on U@B40 induced a decrease in the energy gap. This study provides a basis for a deep understanding of controlling the cluster-assembled materials for tailoring their functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
| | - Xuhui Liu
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
| | - Wanyi Zhang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
| | - Chunxu Wang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
| | - Zhengkun Qin
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 China
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7
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Davoudiniya M, Mirabbaszadeh K. Effects of strain and electric fields on the electronic transport properties of single-layer β 12-borophene nanoribbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:18647-18658. [PMID: 34612402 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00340b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by recent experimental and theoretical research on a monolayer of boron atoms, borophene, the transmission probability and current-voltage characteristics of β12-borophene nanoribbons (BNRs) with zigzag and armchair edges have been calculated using the five-band tight-binding calculation, the Green's function approach, and the Landauer-Büttiker formalism. We focus on the effects of the geometrical parameters, perpendicular electric field, and external strain on the electronic transport properties of β12-BNRs by considering the effects of the substrate. Our calculations show that the transmission coefficient and current of the system decrease by increasing the channel length, whereas increasing ribbon width leads to an increment in the transmission probability as well as the I-V characteristic of β12-BNRs. Besides, the application of tensile strain causes a decrement in the current of the inversion symmetric model of the armchair β12-BNR, whereas the current increases in the presence of compressive strain. We also observed a dip in the transmission spectrum of the biased β12-BNR along the armchair direction which shows a metal-to-n-doped semiconductor phase transition in the device when applying a strong enough electric field. Moreover, the current of the inversion symmetric model of the β12-BNR with zigzag and armchair edges increases with the application of a perpendicular electric field, while in the case of the homogeneous model, the application of an electric field enhances the current of the β12-BNR only in the zigzag direction. These results provide insights for future experimental research and show that β12-BNRs are potential candidates for next-generation electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Davoudiniya
- Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, 14588 Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Shakerzadeh E. Endohedral M@B
40
(M = Na and Ca) metalloborospherenes as innovative potential carriers for chemotherapy melphalan drug: A theoretical study. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shakerzadeh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz Iran
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9
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Sikorska C, Gaston N. Modified Lennard-Jones potentials for nanoscale atoms. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:1985-2000. [PMID: 32592415 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A classical 6-12 Lennard-Jones (LJ) equation has been widely used to model materials and is the potential of choice in studies when the focus is on fundamental issues. Here we report a systematic study comparing the pair interaction potentials within solid-state materials (i.e., [Co6 Se8 (PEt3 )6 ][C60 ]2 , [Cr6 Te8 (PEt3 )6 ][C60 ]2 , [Ni9 Te6 (PEt3 )8 ][C60 ]) using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and LJ parametrization. Both classical (6-12 LJ) and modified LJ (mLJ) models were developed. In the mLJ approach, the exponents 6 and 12 are replaced by different integer number n and 2n, respectively, and an additional parameter (α) is introduced to describe intermolecular distance shift arising within the geometric centers' approach (instead of the shortest interatomic distance between particles). A general LJ approach reexamination reveals that in the case of nanoatoms, the attractive term decays with distance as the inverse fourth power, and the dominating at short distances repulsive term decays as the inverse eighth power. The modification of the LJ equation is even more prominent for interaction profiles, where intermolecular distance corresponds to separation between geometric centers of particles. In this approach, the attractive term decays with distance as the inverse 12th power, while the repulsive term decays rapidly (as the inverse 24th power). Thus, the mLJ models (e.g., 4-8 LJ) rather than the 6-12 classical ones seem to be a better choice for the description of binary interactions of nanoatoms. The developed mLJ models and electronic structure characteristics give an insight into the explanation of the unique physicochemical properties of superatomic-based solid-state materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Sikorska
- Department of Physics, The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicola Gaston
- Department of Physics, The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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10
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Zan WY, Li HR, Mu YW, Lu HG, Li SD. Low-dimensional functional networks of cage-like B 40 with effective transition-metal intercalations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22611-22617. [PMID: 31589225 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03252e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As the first all-boron fullerene observed in experiments, cage-like borospherene B40 has attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, B40 has been proved to be chemically reactive and tends to coalesce with one another via the formation of covalent bonds. We explore herein the possibility of low-dimensional functional networks of B40 with effective transition-metal intercalations. We find that the four equivalent B7 heptagons on the waist of each B40 can serve as effective ligands to coordinate various transition metal centers in exohedral motifs. The intercalated metal atoms entail these networks with a variety of intriguing properties. The two-dimensional (2D) Cr2B40 network is a ferromagnetic metal while the 2D Zn2B40 network becomes semiconducting. In contrast, other 2D M2B40 (M = Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu) networks and 1D CrB40 belong to nonmagnetic metals. The 3D Cr3B40 network is a magnetic metal. This work presents the viable possibility of assembling Mn&B40 metalloborospherenes into stable functional nanomaterials via effective transition-metal intercalations with potential applications in electronic and spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Zan
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 034000, China.
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11
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Li D, Tang Q, He J, Li B, Ding G, Feng C, Zhou H, Zhang G. From Two- to Three-Dimensional van der Waals Layered Structures of Boron Crystals: An Ab Initio Study. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8015-8021. [PMID: 31459890 PMCID: PMC6648740 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A remarkable recent advancement has been the successful synthesis of two-dimensional boron monolayers on metal substrates. However, although up to 16 possible bulk allotropes of boron have been reported, none of them possess van der Waals (vdW) layered structures. In this work, starting from the experimentally synthesized monolayer boron sheet (β12 borophene), we explored the possibility for forming vdW layered bulk boron. We found that two β12 borophene sheets cannot form a stable vdW bilayer structure, as covalent-like B-B bonds are formed between them because of the peculiar bonding. Interestingly, when the covalently bonded bilayer borophene sheets are stacked on top of each other, three-dimensional (3D) layered structures are constructed via vdW interlayer interactions, rather than covalent. The 3D vdW layered structures were found to be dynamically stable. The interlayer binding energy is about 20 meV/Å2, which is close to the weakly bound graphene layers in graphite (∼16 meV/Å2). Furthermore, the density functional theory predicted electronic band structure testifies that these vdW bulk boron crystals can behave as good conductors. The insights obtained from this work suggest an opportunity to discover new vdW layered structures of bulk boron, which is expected to be crucial to numerous applications ranging from microelectronic devices to energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Li
- School
of Science, Chongqing University of Posts
and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - QiQi Tang
- School
of Science, Chongqing University of Posts
and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Jia He
- School
of Science, Chongqing University of Posts
and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Bolin Li
- Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Extraordinary Bond Engineering and Advanced Materials
Technology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China
| | - Guangqian Ding
- School
of Science, Chongqing University of Posts
and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Chunbao Feng
- School
of Science, Chongqing University of Posts
and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Hangbo Zhou
- Institute
of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, 138632, Singapore
| | - Gang Zhang
- Institute
of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, 138632, Singapore
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12
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Li S, Zhang Z, Long Z, Chen D. Structures, Stabilities, and Spectral Properties of Endohedral Borospherenes M@B 40 0/- (M = H 2, HF, and H 2O). ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:5705-5713. [PMID: 31459723 PMCID: PMC6648648 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of borospherene B40 leads to a new beginning for the study of boron chemistry and may lead to new boron-based nanomaterials. Based on density functional theory, the structures, electronic properties, infrared and Raman spectra, photoelectron spectra, and electronic absorption spectra of endohedral borospherenes M@B40 0/- (M = H2, HF, and H2O) are investigated. It is found that H2, HF, and H2O monomers can form stable endohedral borospherenes M@B40 0/- (M = H2, HF, and H2O). In addition, the calculated results indicate that the doped molecule at the off-center location can relax to the center location within the cage and the symcenter of the doped molecule is almost located in the center of the cage. Unlike endohedral metalloborospherene Ca@B40, which is a charge-transfer complex between Ca2+ and B40 2-, natural population analyses and chemical bonding analyses reveal that there is no significant charge transfer of the doped molecule. The calculated spectra indicate that doping of a molecule (H2, HF, or H2O) in borospherene B40 can change the photoelectron spectra and doping of a polar molecule (HF or H2O) in borospherene B40 can change the spectral properties. For instance, the addition of a molecule can increase infrared and Raman-active modes and cause a red shift or blue shift of electronic spectra. These spectral features can be compared with future experimental values of endohedral borospherenes M@B40 0/- (M = H2, HF, and H2O).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Li
- School
of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou
Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Zhengping Zhang
- College of Big Data and Information Engineering and College of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhengwen Long
- College of Big Data and Information Engineering and College of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Deliang Chen
- School
of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou
Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
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13
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Charistos ND, Muñoz-Castro A. Double aromaticity of the B40 fullerene: induced magnetic field analysis of π and σ delocalization in the boron cavernous structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20232-20238. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04223g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
B40 enables the formation of a strong long range shielding response under different orientations, characterizing the spherical aromatic nature of the cavernous D2d structure, which was dissected to contributions from π, σ and core electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolas D. Charistos
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- Department of Chemistry
- Laboratory of Quantum and Computational Chemistry
- Thessaloniki
- Greece
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares
- Facultad de Ingeniería
- Universidad Autonoma de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
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14
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Yong Y, Su X, Kuang Y, Li X, Lu Z. B40 and M@B40 (M Li and Ba) fullerenes as potential molecular sensors for acetone detection: A first-principles study. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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15
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Zhang X, Sun Y, Ma L, Zhao X, Yao X. Modulating the electronic and magnetic properties of bilayer borophene via transition metal atoms intercalation: from metal to half metal and semiconductor. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:305706. [PMID: 29738311 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aac320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Borophene, a two-dimensional monolayer made of boron atoms, has attracted wide attention due to its appealing properties. Great efforts have been devoted to fine tuning its electronic and magnetic properties for desired applications. Herein, we theoretically investigate the versatile electronic and magnetic properties of bilayer borophene (BLB) intercalated by 3d transition metal (TM) atoms, TM@BLBs (TM = Ti-Fe), using ab initio calculations. Four allotropes of AA-stacking (α 1-, β-, β 12- and χ 3-) BLBs with different intercalation concentrations of TM atoms are considered. Our results show that the TM atoms are strongly bonded to the borophene layers with fairly large binding energies, around 6.31 ∼ 15.44 eV per TM atom. The BLBs with Cr and Mn intercalation have robust ferromagnetism, while for the systems decorated with Fe atoms, fruitful magnetic properties, such as nonmagnetic, ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic, are identified. In particular, the α 1- and β-BLBs intercalated by Mn or Fe atom can be transformed into a semiconductor, half metal or graphene-like semimetal. Moreover, some heavily doped TM@BLBs expose high Curie temperatures above room temperature. The attractive properties of TM@BLBs entail an efficient way to modulate the electronic and magnetic properties of borophene sheets for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Zhang
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zhang Z, Penev ES, Yakobson BI. Two-dimensional boron: structures, properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:6746-6763. [PMID: 29085946 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00261k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Situated between metals and non-metals in the periodic table, boron is one of the most chemically versatile elements, forming at least sixteen bulk polymorphs composed of interlinked boron polyhedra. In low-dimensionality, boron chemistry remains or becomes even more intriguing since boron clusters with several to tens of atoms favor planar or cage-like structures, which are similar to their carbon counterparts in terms of conformation and electronic structure. The similarity between boron and carbon has raised a question of whether there exists stable two-dimensional (2D) boron, as a conceptual precursor, from which other boron nanostructures may be built. Here, we review the current theoretical and experimental progress in realizing boron atomic layers. Starting by describing a decade-long effort towards understanding the size-dependent structures of boron clusters, we present how theory plays a role in extrapolating boron clusters into 2D form, from a freestanding state to that on substrates, as well as in exploring practical routes for their synthesis that recently culminated in experimental realization. While 2D boron has been revealed to have unusual mechanical, electronic and chemical properties, materializing its potential in practical applications remains largely impeded by lack of routes towards transfer from substrates and controlled synthesis of quality samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
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17
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Mortazavi B, Makaremi M, Shahrokhi M, Raeisi M, Singh CV, Rabczuk T, Pereira LFC. Borophene hydride: a stiff 2D material with high thermal conductivity and attractive optical and electronic properties. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:3759-3768. [PMID: 29411815 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08725j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) structures of boron atoms, so-called borophene, have recently attracted remarkable attention. In a recent exciting experimental study, a hydrogenated borophene structure was realized. Motivated by this success, we conducted extensive first-principles calculations to explore the mechanical, thermal conduction, electronic and optical responses of borophene hydride. The mechanical response of borophene hydride was found to be anisotropic, with an elastic modulus of 131 N m-1 and a high tensile strength of 19.9 N m-1 along the armchair direction. Notably, it was shown that by applying mechanical loading the metallic electronic character of borophene hydride can be altered to direct band-gap semiconducting, very appealing for application in nanoelectronics. The absorption edge of the imaginary part of the dielectric function was found to occur in the visible range of light for parallel polarization. Finally, it was estimated that this novel 2D structure at room temperature can exhibit high thermal conductivities of 335 W mK-1 and 293 W mK-1 along the zigzag and armchair directions, respectively. Our study confirms that borophene hydride shows an outstanding combination of interesting mechanical, electronic, optical and thermal conduction properties, which are promising for the design of novel nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohayra Mortazavi
- Institute of Structural Mechanics, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Marienstr. 15, D-99423 Weimar, Germany.
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18
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Kulish VV. Surface reactivity and vacancy defects in single-layer borophene polymorphs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:11273-11281. [PMID: 28417128 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00637c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Single-layer borophene is a novel 2D material which combines high strength, light weight and metallicity. Using first-principles calculations, we systematically investigate the defect formation and surface reactivity in three major borophene polymorphs (α, β and triangular). We find that β-B is generally the most reactive borophene form, while α-B is the least reactive. In particular, there is more than 1.5 eV difference in substitutional energies for typical dopants in β-B and α-B polymorphs. Single vacancy defects can be created quite easily in all borophene sheets with formation energies (0.16 to 1.93 eV) much lower than those in graphene (7.69 eV). Adatom adsorption is exothermic and stabilizes electron-deficient boron monolayers. Many interesting properties arise from the rich structural chemistry of borophene, comprising four-, five-, and six-coordinated atoms, as well as hexagonal vacancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadym V Kulish
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
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19
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Kistanov AA, Cai Y, Zhou K, Srikanth N, Dmitriev SV, Zhang YW. Exploring the charge localization and band gap opening of borophene: a first-principles study. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:1403-1410. [PMID: 29302656 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06537j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Recently synthesized two-dimensional (2D) boron, borophene, exhibits a novel metallic behavior rooted in the s-p orbital hybridization, distinctively different from other 2D materials such as sulfides/selenides and semi-metallic graphene. This unique feature of borophene implies new routes for charge delocalization and band gap opening. Herein, using first-principles calculations, we explore the routes to localize the carriers and open the band gap of borophene via chemical functionalization, ribbon construction, and defect engineering. The metallicity of borophene is found to be remarkably robust against H- and F-functionalization and the presence of vacancies. Interestingly, a strong odd-even oscillation of the electronic structure with width is revealed for H-functionalized borophene nanoribbons, while an ultra-high work function (∼7.83 eV) is found for the F-functionalized borophene due to its strong charge transfer to the atomic adsorbates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Kistanov
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore. and Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
| | - Yongqing Cai
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
| | - Kun Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | | | - Sergey V Dmitriev
- Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450001, Russia and National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Yong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
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20
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Chen BL, Sun WG, Kuang XY, Lu C, Xia XX, Shi HX, Maroulis G. Structural Stability and Evolution of Medium-Sized Tantalum-Doped Boron Clusters: A Half-Sandwich-Structured TaB12 – Cluster. Inorg Chem 2017; 57:343-350. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Le Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University
, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wei Guo Sun
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University
, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiao Yu Kuang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University
, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Physics, Nanyang Normal University
, Nanyang 473061, China
- Department of Physics and High Pressure Science and Engineering Center, University of Nevada
, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Xin Xin Xia
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University
, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hong Xiao Shi
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University
, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - George Maroulis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras
, GR-26500 Patras, Greece
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21
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Abstract
The experimental discovery of borospherene, the only non-carbon fullerene observed in nature, has generated a lot of interest in the scientific community and led to the theoretical prediction of various endohedrally and exohedrally decorated borospherene. We apply Minima Hopping Method (MHM), a global geometry optimization algorithm at the density functional level to check the stability of recently proposed exohedrally decorated borospherenes M6@B40 for (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Sc and Ti). By performing short MHM runs, we find that the proposed fullerene structures are not global minima. Our new lowest energy structures are significantly deformed and of much lower symmetry. These low energy structures spontaneously aggregate by forming chemical bonds when they are brought together. Therefore, it would be challenging to synthesize bulk materials made out of the theoretically postulated exohedrally decorated borospherenes such as B40M6 which might have technologically useful properties.
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22
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Heteroborospherene clusters Ni n ∈ B 40 (n = 1-4) and heteroborophene monolayers Ni 2 ∈ B 14 with planar heptacoordinate transition-metal centers in η 7-B 7 heptagons. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5701. [PMID: 28720806 PMCID: PMC5515878 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With inspirations from recent discoveries of the cage-like borospherene B40 and perfectly planar Co ∈ B18− and based on extensive global minimum searches and first-principles theory calculations, we present herein the possibility of the novel planar Ni ∈ B18 (1), cage-like heteroborospherenes Nin ∈ B40 (n = 1–4) (2–5), and planar heteroborophenes Ni2 ∈ B14 (6, 7) which all contain planar or quasi-planar heptacoordinate transition-metal (phTM) centers in η7-B7 heptagons. The nearly degenerate Ni2 ∈ B14 (6) and Ni2 ∈ B14 (7) monolayers are predicted to be metallic in nature, with Ni2 ∈ B14 (6) composed of interwoven boron double chains with two phNi centers per unit cell being the precursor of cage-like Nin ∈ B40 (n = 1–4) (2–5). Detailed bonding analyses indicate that Nin ∈ B40 (n = 1–4) (2–5) and Ni2 ∈ B14 (6, 7) possess the universal bonding pattern of σ + π double delocalization on the boron frameworks, with each phNi forming three lone pairs in radial direction (3dz22, 3dzx2, and 3dyz2) and two effective nearly in-plane 8c-2e σ-coordination bonds between the remaining tangential Ni 3d orbitals (3dx2−y2 and 3dxy) and the η7-B7 heptagon around it. The IR, Raman, and UV-vis absorption spectra of 1–5 are computationally simulated to facilitate their experimental characterizations.
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23
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Zhao XY, Chen Q, Li HR, Mu YW, Lu HG, Li SD. Cage-like B39+clusters with the bonding pattern of σ + π double delocalization: new members of the borospherene family. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:10998-11003. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00725f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The recently observed cage-like borospherenesD2dB40−/0andC3/C2B39−have attracted considerable attention in chemistry and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Zhao
- Nanocluster Laboratory
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Hai-Ru Li
- Nanocluster Laboratory
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Yue-Wen Mu
- Nanocluster Laboratory
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Hai-Gang Lu
- Nanocluster Laboratory
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Si-Dian Li
- Nanocluster Laboratory
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
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24
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Mu Y, Chen Q, Chen N, Lu H, Li SD. A novel borophene featuring heptagonal holes: a common precursor of borospherenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03021e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We propose a novel stable borophene (referred to as H-borophene) with unique construction pattern, which is able to serve as the common precursor of borospherenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewen Mu
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Na Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Haigang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Si-Dian Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
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