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Du X, Liu Z, Li Z, Yuan X, Li C, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Hu X, Guo K. Aminocyclopropenium as a novel hydrogen bonding organocatalyst for cycloaddition of carbon disulfide and epoxide to prepare cyclic dithiocarbonate. RSC Adv 2024; 14:10378-10389. [PMID: 38567344 PMCID: PMC10985464 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00937a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The smallest Hückel aromatic ring cyclopropenium substituted by electron-donating C-amino groups produced a aminocyclopropenium electron-rich cation. A bifunctional aminocyclopropenium halide catalyst installed with bis-(hydroxyethyl) functions on the amino group was then designed. A typical (diethanolamino)cyclopropenium halide catalyst C5·I was screened optimally for the cycloaddition of carbon disulfide into an epoxide to produce cyclic dithiocarbonate with an excellent conversion (95%) and high selectivity (92%). The electrostatic enhancement of alkyl C-H HBD capability was implemented via vicinal positive charges on the cyclopropenium core, and the acidity of the terminal O-H hydrogen proton increased by intramolecular H-bonding between the two hydroxy groups on the diethanolamino group (O-H⋯O-H). Then, a hybrid H-bond donor comprising enhanced alkyl C-H and hydroxy O-H was formed. The hybrid HBD offered by aminocyclopropenium was vital in activating the epoxide and stabilizing the intermediate, resulting in reduced O/S scrambling. Moreover, weakly coordinated iodide anion served as a nucleophilic reagent to open the ring of the epoxide. The cooperative catalytic mechanism of the HBD cation and halide anion was supported by NMR titrations and control experiments. Eleven epoxides with various substituents were converted into the corresponding cyclic thiocarbonate with high conversion and selectivity under mild conditions (25 °C, 6 h) without a solvent. The cycloaddition of carbon disulfide with epoxides catalyzed by aminocyclopropenium developed a new working model for hydrogen bonding organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Road South Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Road South Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Road South Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Road South Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Chunyu Li
- State Key Laboratory Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Road South Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Road South Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Road South Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xin Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Road South Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Road South Nanjing 211816 China
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2
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Shirakawa S. Bifunctional Onium and Potassium Iodides as Nucleophilic Catalysts for the Solvent-Free Syntheses of Carbonates, Thiocarbonates, and Oxazolidinones from Epoxides. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300144. [PMID: 37236152 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic potential of organo-onium iodides as nucleophilic catalysts is aptly demonstrated in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide (CO2 ), as a representative CO2 utilization reaction. Although organo-onium iodide nucleophilic catalysts are metal-free environmentally benign catalysts, harsh reaction conditions are generally required to efficiently promote the coupling reactions of epoxides and CO2 . To solve this problem and accomplish efficient CO2 utilization reactions under mild conditions, bifunctional onium iodide nucleophilic catalysts bearing a hydrogen bond donor moiety were developed by our research group. Based on the successful bifunctional design of the onium iodide catalysts, nucleophilic catalysis using a potassium iodide (KI)-tetraethylene glycol complex was also investigated in coupling reactions of epoxides and CO2 under mild reaction conditions. These effective bifunctional onium and potassium iodide nucleophilic catalysts were applied to the solvent-free syntheses of 2-oxazolidinones and cyclic thiocarbonates from epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Shirakawa
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
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3
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Álvarez-Miguel L, Mosquera MEG, Whiteoak CJ. Chemoselective cycloadditions to epoxide derivatives of erucic acid with CO 2 and CS 2: controlled access to value-added bio-derived compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:9629-9638. [PMID: 36226582 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01482c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The potential for application of bio-derived molecules in our everyday lives is attracting vast interest as attention moves towards development of a truly circular and sustainable economy. Whilst a large number of molecules are naturally available and contain a variety of functional groups, few of these compounds are able to be immediately transferred to applications where they can directly replace established oil-derived species. This issue presents both a challenge and an opportunity for the synthetic chemistry community. This study demonstrates how erucic acid, a molecule containing an olefin and a carboxylic acid, which is readily available from commonly cultivated rapeseed oils, can be used as a platform to be chemoselectively converted into a range of value-added compounds using established and high yielding synthetic procedures. In particular, the work showcases approaches towards the chemoselective (and in cases regioselective) oxidation with m-CPBA and incorporation of cyclic carbonate and cyclic dithiocarbonate functionalities which have potential to be employed in a range of applications. Expedient routes to unusual derivatives containing both cyclic carbonate and cyclic dithiocarbonates are also presented taking advantage of the distinct reactivities of the two different epoxides in the intermediate compounds. This work also provides a rare example of the synthesis of internal cyclic dithiocarbonates. These new products have potential to be applied as monomers in the growing field of bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethane synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Álvarez-Miguel
- Universidad de Alcalá, Grupo SOSCATCOM, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra.Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33, 600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta E G Mosquera
- Universidad de Alcalá, Grupo SOSCATCOM, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra.Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33, 600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Christopher J Whiteoak
- Universidad de Alcalá, Grupo SOSCATCOM, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra.Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33, 600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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4
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Rupf S, Pröhm P, Plajer AJ. Lithium achieves sequence selective ring-opening terpolymerisation (ROTERP) of ternary monomer mixtures. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6355-6365. [PMID: 35733883 PMCID: PMC9159086 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01776h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteroatom-containing degradable polymers have strong potential as sustainable replacements for petrochemically derived materials. However, to accelerate and broaden their uptake greater structural diversity and new synthetic methodologies are required. Here we report a sequence selective ring-opening terpolymerisation (ROTERP), in which three monomers (A, B, C) are selectively enchained into an (ABA'C) n sequence by a simple lithium catalyst. Degradable poly(ester-alt-ester-alt-trithiocarbonate)s are obtained in a M n range from 2.35 to 111.20 kDa which are not easily accessible via other polymerisation methodologies. The choice of alkali metal is key to achieve high activity and to control the terpolymer sequence. ROTERP is mechanistically compatible with ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) allowing switchable catalysis for blockpolymer synthesis. The ROTERP demonstrated in this study could be the first example of an entirely new family of sequence selective terpolymerisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Rupf
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Patrick Pröhm
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Alex J Plajer
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
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Virendra SA, Wahan SK, Sahu C, Chawla PA. Green synthesis of various saturated S-heterocyclic scaffolds: an update. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Development of reliable and eco-friendly novel schemes for the synthesis of organic compounds is an important step in the field of organic and medicinal chemistry. Green chemistry-based strategies involving use of catalysts, green solvents, atom economic reactions etc. play a key role because of their exceptional ability to minimize the toxicity or hazards of the side products and processes. With the use of these green techniques, a number of researchers were able to synthesis a wide range of heterocyclic compounds. This chapter highlights the potential and diverse biological activities of saturated sulphur containing heterocyclic compounds including thiirane, thiane, thiolane and many more. The aim of this chapter is to provide fresh perspective on the various techniques employed for the formation of C–S bond by summarizing all green synthesis from 2016 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharma Arvind Virendra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab 142001 , India
| | - Simranpreet K. Wahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab 142001 , India
| | - Chandrakant Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab 142001 , India
| | - Pooja A. Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab 142001 , India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga 142001 , India
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Chen C, Gnanou Y, Feng X. Organocatalytic selective coupling of episulfides with carbon disulfide for the synthesis of poly(trithiocarbonate)s and cyclic trithiocarbonates. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00405d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective coupling of CS2 with episulfides affords perfectly alternating poly(trithiocarbonate)s or cyclic trithiocarbonates upon the onium salts used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yves Gnanou
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaoshuang Feng
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Silbernagl D, Sturm H, Plajer AJ. Thioanhydride/isothiocyanate/epoxide ring-opening terpolymerisation: sequence selective enchainment of monomer mixtures and switchable catalysis. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00629d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithium mediates sequence selective terpolymerisation of phtalic thioanhydride/PhNCS/butylene oxide yielding poly(ester-alt-ester-alt-dithioimidocarbonates) and enables block- and tetrapolymerisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Silbernagl
- BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz Sturm
- BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alex J. Plajer
- Intitut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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8
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Do JY, Shin SB, Jeong SM, Jung MY. Ring-opening polymerization of cyclic 1,3-oxathiolane-2-thione promoted by neighboring sulfide group and ring contraction. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Yang J, Hu L, Cao X, Wang Y, Zhang X. An Investigation on the Production of Random Copolymer with Monothiocarbonate and Trithiocarbonate Units over Cyclic Thiocarbonate via Metal‐free Catalysis. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Liang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Lan‐Fang Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Xiao‐Han Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Ying Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Xing‐Hong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
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10
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Gupta M, Chatterjee N, De D, Saha R, Chattaraj PK, Oliver CL, Bharadwaj PK. Metal-Organic Frameworks of Cu(II) Constructed from Functionalized Ligands for High Capacity H 2 and CO 2 Gas Adsorption and Catalytic Studies. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:1810-1822. [PMID: 31965795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Two Cu(II)-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) having paddle-wheel secondary building units (SBUs), namely, 1Me and 1ipr, were synthesized solvothermally using two new bent di-isophthalate ligands incorporating different substituents. The MOFs showed high porosity (BET surface area, 2191 m2/g for 1Me and 1402 m2/g for 1ipr). For 1Me, very high CO2 adsorption (98.5 wt % at 195 K, 42.9 wt % at 273 K, 23.3 wt % at 298 K) at 1 bar was found, while for 1ipr, it was significantly less (14.3 wt % at 298 K and 1 bar, 54.4 wt % at 298 K at 50 bar). 1Me exhibited H2 uptake of 3.2 wt % at 77 K and 1 bar of pressure, which compares well with other benchmark MOFs. For 1ipr, the H2 uptake was found to be 2.54 wt % under similar experimental conditions. The significant adsorption of H2 and CO2 for 1Me could be due to the presence of micropores as well as unsaturated metal sites in these MOFs besides the presence of substituents that interact with the gas molecules. The experimental adsorption behavior of the MOFs could be justified by theoretical calculations. Additionally, catalytic conversions of CO2 and CS2 into useful chemicals like cyclic carbonates, cyclic trithiocarbonates, and cyclic dithiocarbonates could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Gupta
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016 , India
| | - Nabanita Chatterjee
- Centre for Supramolecular Chemistry Research (CSCR), Department of Chemistry , University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa
| | - Dinesh De
- Department of Basic Science, Vishwavidyalaya Engineering College, Lakhanpur , Sarguja University , Lakhanpur , Chhattisgarh - 497116 , India
| | - Ranajit Saha
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur 721302 , India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur 721302 , India.,Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Clive L Oliver
- Centre for Supramolecular Chemistry Research (CSCR), Department of Chemistry , University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa
| | - Parimal K Bharadwaj
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016 , India.,Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
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Aoyagi N, Furusho Y, Endo T. Cyclic amidine hydroiodide for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates and cyclic dithiocarbonates from carbon dioxide or carbon disulfide under mild conditions. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Nakamura T, Okada M, Shirakawa S. Development of New Catalytic Systems for Environmentally Benign Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2019. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.77.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seiji Shirakawa
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University
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13
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Okada M, Nishiyori R, Kaneko S, Igawa K, Shirakawa S. KI-Tetraethylene Glycol Complex as an Effective Catalyst for the Synthesis of Cyclic Thiocarbonates from Epoxides and CS2. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Okada
- Department of Environmental Science; Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences; Nagasaki University; 1-14 Bunkyo-machi 8521 Nagasaki 852- Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishiyori
- Department of Environmental Science; Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences; Nagasaki University; 1-14 Bunkyo-machi 8521 Nagasaki 852- Japan
| | - Shiho Kaneko
- Department of Environmental Science; Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences; Nagasaki University; 1-14 Bunkyo-machi 8521 Nagasaki 852- Japan
| | - Kazunobu Igawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University; 8580 Kasuga Fukuoka 816- Japan
| | - Seiji Shirakawa
- Department of Environmental Science; Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences; Nagasaki University; 1-14 Bunkyo-machi 8521 Nagasaki 852- Japan
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Aoyagi N, Endo T. Cyclic and linear amidine catalysts for the efficient synthesis of cyclic trithiocarbonates from carbon disulfide and episulfides under mild conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Anitha M, Swamy KCK. Synthesis of thiazolidine-thiones, imino-thiazolidines and oxazolidines via the base promoted cyclisation of epoxy-sulfonamides and heterocumulenes. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:402-413. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02915b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Epoxy-sulfonamides react with heterocumulenes (CS2/RNCS/RNCO) in the presence of a base to afford ring expansion products in good to high yields with excellent regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandala Anitha
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500 046
- India
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