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Ullah W, Aziz T, Ullah B, Jamil MI, Das SK, Ullah R, Wazir N, Khan FU, Raheel M. Hybrid material for the fabrication of electron transport layer in perovskite solar cell. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03904-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Zhang Y, Kirs A, Ambroz F, Lin CT, Bati ASR, Parkin IP, Shapter JG, Batmunkh M, Macdonald TJ. Ambient Fabrication of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2000744. [PMID: 34927807 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their high-power conversion efficiency, simple fabrication, and low material cost. However, due to their high sensitivity to moisture and oxygen, high efficiency PSCs are mainly constructed in an inert environment. This has led to significant concerns associated with the long-term stability and manufacturing costs, which are some of the major limitations for the commercialization of this cutting-edge technology. Over the past few years, excellent progress in fabricating PSCs in ambient conditions has been made. These advancements have drawn considerable research interest in the photovoltaic community and shown great promise for the successful commercialization of efficient and stable PSCs. In this review, after providing an overview to the influence of an ambient fabrication environment on perovskite films, recent advances in fabricating efficient and stable PSCs in ambient conditions are discussed. Along with discussing the underlying challenges and limitations, the most appropriate strategies to fabricate efficient PSCs under ambient conditions are summarized along with multiple roadmaps to assist in the future development of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ashleigh Kirs
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Filip Ambroz
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Chieh-Ting Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Abdulaziz S R Bati
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Ivan P Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Joseph G Shapter
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Munkhbayar Batmunkh
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Thomas J Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
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Shalan AE, El-Shazly AN, Rashad MM, Allam NK. Tin-zinc-oxide nanocomposites (SZO) as promising electron transport layers for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:2654-2662. [PMID: 36132743 PMCID: PMC9418726 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00182d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tin-zinc-oxide nanocomposites (SZO) with various Sn : Zn ratios were successfully fabricated and tested as electron transport layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). The fabricated nanocomposites showed good crystallinity, good contact between layers, good electrical conductivity, and favorable light absorption, resulting in an enhancement in the net efficiency of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPI)-based perovskite solar cells. The device made of SZO-Sn0.05 as an ETL showed a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.81% with a short-circuit current density (J sc) of 23.59 mA cm-2, an open-circuit voltage (V oc) of 1 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.754. However, the ETL containing lower Sn ratios showed PCEs of 12.02, 13.80 and 15.86% for pure ZnO, SZO-Sn0.2 and SZO-Sn0.1, respectively. Meanwhile, the reproducibility of 30 fabricated devices proved the outstanding long-term stability of the cells based on SZO nanocomposites, retaining ≈85% of their PCE over 1200 h of operation. In addition, the incident-photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) exceeded 90% over the entire wavelength range from 400 to 800 nm. The enhancement in the PCE of the fabricated PVSCs can be ascribed to the large surface area of the SZO nanoparticles, high charge extraction efficiency, and suppression of charge recombination provided by SnO x . The current results suggest that our synthesized tin-zinc-oxide nanocomposite is an effective electron transport layer for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E Shalan
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI) P. O. Box 87, 11422, Helwan Cairo Egypt
| | - Ayat N El-Shazly
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI) P. O. Box 87, 11422, Helwan Cairo Egypt
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo (AUC) 11835 New Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Rashad
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI) P. O. Box 87, 11422, Helwan Cairo Egypt
| | - Nageh K Allam
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo (AUC) 11835 New Cairo Egypt
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Chen YC, Lin CH, Guo TF, Wen TC. Surfactant-Enriched ZnO Surface via Sol-Gel Process for the Efficient Inverted Polymer Solar Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:26805-26811. [PMID: 30009608 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate that the top surface is enriched by surfactants, tetraoctylammonium bromide, and cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), in the sol-gel ZnO, being evidenced by the Br depth profile of electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis data. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed the formation of Zn-Br bonding due to the oxygen defects occupied by Br at the surfactant-enriched ZnO surface. The surfactant-enriched ZnO surface possessed a smoother surface and more hydrophobicity than the pristine ZnO from the experimental results of atomic force microscopy and contact angle, respectively. On the basis of ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy data, the work function slightly reduced due to the dipole built-up by the electrostatic force between Br- and N+ to enhance the electron extraction ability. The improved properties benefited the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells (PSCs) by spin-coating the active layer on the surfactant-enriched ZnO surface. The inverted PSCs with the surfactant-enriched ZnO surface showed the highest PCE of 9.55% for the CPB case, in comparison with the pristine ZnO surface (8.08% PCE). This study discloses that turning the ZnO surface is easily achieved by the addition of surfactants with different molecular structures in the sol-gel ZnO for high performance polymer solar cells.
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Zhang W, Ren Z, Guo Y, He X, Li X. Improved the long-term air stability of ZnO-based perovskite solar cells prepared under ambient conditions via surface modification of the electron transport layer using an ionic liquid. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Han GS, Shim HW, Lee S, Duff ML, Lee JK. Low-Temperature Modification of ZnO Nanoparticles Film for Electron-Transport Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2425-2430. [PMID: 28419730 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An electron-transport layer (ETL) that selectively collects photogenerated electrons is an important constituent of halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Although TiO2 films are widely used as ETL of PSCs, the processing of TiO2 films with high electron mobility requires high-temperature annealing and TiO2 dissociates the perovskite layer through a photocatalytic reaction. Here, we report an effective surface-modification method of a room-temperature processed ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) layer as an alternative to the TiO2 ETL. A combination of simple UV exposure and nitric acid treatment effectively removes the hydroxyl group and passivates surface defects in ZnO NPs. The surface modification of ZnO NPs increases the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs to 14 % and decreases the aging of PSCs under light soaking. These results suggest that the surface-modified ZnO film can be a good ETL of PSCs and provide a path toward low-temperature processing of efficient and stable PSCs that are compatible with flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gill Sang Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Hyun-Woo Shim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Seongha Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Matthew L Duff
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Jung-Kun Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
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Yang F, Kang DW, Kim YS. Improved interface of ZnO/CH3NH3PbI3 by a dynamic spin-coating process for efficient perovskite solar cells. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01869j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a possible mechanism to cause poor performance and a novel dynamic spin-coating process for efficient perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Won Kang
- Department of Solar & Energy Engineering
- Cheongju University
- Cheongju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sang Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon
- Republic of Korea
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