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Feng X, Liu Y, Dong J, Yu Y, Xing Y, Shu F, Peng L, Wu Y. A Meniscus Multifocusing Compound Eye Camera Based on Negative Pressure Forming Technology. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:420. [PMID: 36838120 PMCID: PMC9962903 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To meet the challenge of preparing a high-resolution compound eye, this paper proposes a multi-focal-length meniscus compound eye based on MEMS negative pressure molding technology. The aperture is increased, a large field of view angle of 101.14° is obtained, and the ommatidia radius of each stage is gradually increased from 250 μm to 440 μm. A meniscus structure is used to improve the imaging quality of the marginal compound eye so that its resolution can reach 36.00 lp/mm. The prepared microlenses have a uniform shape and a smooth surface, and both panoramic image stitching and moving object tracking are achieved. This technology has great potential for application in many fields, including automatic driving, machine vision, and medical endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yongshun Liu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Junyu Dong
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yongjian Yu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yi Xing
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Fengfeng Shu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Lanxin Peng
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yihui Wu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
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Arslan D, Rahimzadegan A, Fasold S, Falkner M, Zhou W, Kroychuk M, Rockstuhl C, Pertsch T, Staude I. Toward Perfect Optical Diffusers: Dielectric Huygens' Metasurfaces with Critical Positional Disorder. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105868. [PMID: 34652041 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conventional optical diffusers, such as thick volume scatterers (Rayleigh scattering) or microstructured surface scatterers (geometric scattering), lack the potential for on-chip integration and are thus incompatible with next-generation photonic devices. Dielectric Huygens' metasurfaces, on the other hand, consist of 2D arrangements of resonant dielectric nanoparticles and therefore constitute a promising material platform for ultrathin and highly efficient photonic devices. When the nanoparticles are arranged in a random but statistically specific fashion, diffusers with exceptional properties are expected to come within reach. This work explores how dielectric Huygens' metasurfaces can implement wavelength-selective diffusers with negligible absorption losses and nearly Lambertian scattering profiles that are largely independent of the angle and polarization of incident waves. The combination of tailored positional disorder with a carefully balanced electric and magnetic response of the nanoparticles is shown to be an integral requirement for the operation as a diffuser. The proposed metasurfaces' directional scattering performance is characterized both experimentally and numerically, and their usability in wavefront-shaping applications is highlighted. Since the metasurfaces operate on the principles of Mie scattering and are embedded in a glassy environment, they may easily be incorporated in integrated photonic devices, fiber optics, or mechanically robust augmented reality displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Arslan
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Aso Rahimzadegan
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Karlsruhe School of Optics and Photonics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Fasold
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Falkner
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Wenjia Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Kroychuk
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Carsten Rockstuhl
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Karlsruhe School of Optics and Photonics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Max Planck School of Photonics, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Pertsch
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Max Planck School of Photonics, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Isabelle Staude
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Max Planck School of Photonics, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
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Chen G, Weng Y, Lai X, Wang W, Zhou X, Yan Q, Guo T, Zhang Y, Wu C. Design and fabrication of hybrid MLAs/gratings for the enhancement of light extraction efficiency and distribution uniformity of OLEDs. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:25812-25823. [PMID: 34614901 DOI: 10.1364/oe.427258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Extracting light from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and improving the angular distribution are essential for their commercial applications in illumination and displays. In this work, hybrid microlens arrays (MLAs) and gratings with periods and depths in the scale of submicron have been designed and incorporated on the lighting surface of OLEDs for simultaneous enhancement of light outcoupling efficiency and angular distribution improvement. It is found that the augmentation of light extraction efficiency is mainly attributed to the MLAs, while the gratings can improve the viewing angle by increasing the angular distribution uniformity. A novel approach was proposed by combining photoresist thermal reflow, soft-lithography and plasma treatments on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces synergistically to realize gratings on the wavy surface of MLAs. It has been proved that with the hybrid MLAs/gratings, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the OLED can reach up to 22.8%, which increased by 24% compared to that of bare OLED. Moreover, the OLED with the hybrid MLAs/gratings showed an obvious lateral enhancement at wider viewing angle.
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Ang PY, Will PA, Lenk S, Fischer A, Reineke S. Inside or outside: Evaluation of the efficiency enhancement of OLEDs with applied external scattering layers. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18601. [PMID: 31819083 PMCID: PMC6901523 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by enhancing light outcoupling is common practise and remains relevant as not all optical losses can be avoided. Especially, externally attached scattering layers combine several advantages. They can significantly increase the performance and neither compromise the electric operation nor add high costs during fabrication. Efficiency evaluations of external scattering layers are often done with lab scale OLEDs. In this work we therefore study different characterization techniques of red, green and blue lab scale OLEDs with attached light scattering foils comprising TiO2 particles. Although we observe an increased external quantum efficiency (EQE) with scattering foils, our analysis indicates that areas outside the active area have a significant contribution. This demonstrates that caution is required when efficiency conclusions are transferred to large area applications, for which effects that scale with the edges become less significant. We propose to investigate brightness profiles additionally to a standard EQE characterizations as latter only work if the lateral scattering length is much smaller than the width of the active area of the OLED. Our results are important to achieve more reliable predictions as well as a higher degree of comparability between different research groups in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pen Yiao Ang
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), TU Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paul-Anton Will
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), TU Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Simone Lenk
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), TU Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Axel Fischer
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), TU Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Reineke
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), TU Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
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