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El Nagy HA, Mohamed MAEA. Stable diesel microemulsion using diammonium ionic liquids and their effects on fuel properties, particle size characteristics and combustion calculations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7728. [PMID: 38565584 PMCID: PMC10987596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Ecofriendly and stable Fuel Microemulsions based on renewable components were prepared through solubilizing ethanol in diesel and waste cooking oil blend (4:1). New diquaternary ammonium ionic liquids (3a & 3b) were synthesized through a quaternization reaction of the synthesized dihaloester with diethyl ethanolamine tridecantrioate and triethyl amine tridecantrioate, respectively. The chemical structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy. It was observed from DLS analyses that the ethanol particles in all samples have sizes between 4.77 to 11.22 nm. The distribution becomes narrower with the decrease in the ionic liquid concentrations. The fuel properties fall within the ASTM D975 acceptable specifications and are close to the neat diesel properties. The Cetane index were 53 and 53.5, heating values were 38.5 and 38.5 MJ/kg, viscosities were 2.91 and 2.98 mm2/s, densities were 8.26 and 8.29 g/mL and flash points were 49 °C and 48 °C for 3a1 and 3b1 microemulsions, respectively. The particle sizes of samples were examined by DLS for 160 days and they were significantly stable. The amount of ethanol solubilized increases with the increase in the amount of the synthesized ionic liquids and cosurfactant. The combustion calculations pointed out that the microemulsions 3a1 and 3b1 need 13.07 kg air/kg fuel and 12.79 kg air/kg fuel, respectively, which are less than the air required to combust the pure diesel. According to theoretical combustion, using ionic liquids saves the air consumption required for combustion and reduces the quantities of combustion products. The prepared microemulsions were successfully used as a diesel substitute due to their improved combustion properties than pure diesel and low pollution levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A El Nagy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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Zhu Z, He X, Lv J, Xiao H, Pu Y, Hong J, Zeng K, Hu J, Yang G. Dicyanoimidazole resin with bisphenol A moiety: Synthesis, processing, properties, and composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Xian He
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangbo Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlang Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Jianghuai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu People's Republic of China
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Gao YL, Wang Y, Gao L, Li J, Wang Y, Inoue K. Three-Dimensional Supramolecular Architectures with Mn II Ions Assembled from Hydrogen Bonding Interactions: Crystal Structures and Antiferromagnetic Properties. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:10022-10028. [PMID: 35382344 PMCID: PMC8973123 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two novel cocrystal MnII compounds were successfully synthesized. The composition of two kinds crystals correspond to [Mn(hfac)2La 2·Mn(hfac)2La(H2O)·Mn(hfac)2(H2O)2] (1) and [Mn(hfac)2Lb 2·Mn(hfac)2(H2O)2·0.5(C6H14)] (2) [La = 1,3-bis(1'-oxyl-3'-oxido-4',4',5',5'-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-y1)benzene; Lb = 1-(1'-oxyl-4',4',5',5'-tetramethylimidazolin-2-yl)-3-(1'-oxyl-3'-oxo-4',4',5',5'-tetramethylimidazolin-2-yl)benzene; hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonato). Surprisingly, the compounds were not polymeric or clusters but, more interestingly, different ratio biradical-metal coordination compound cocrystals. The extensive intramolecular H-bonds are the cause of formation of the cocrystal structures by assembly in the two manganese(II) derivatives; and another factor is the halogen bonds between CF3 of hfac groups. Furthermore, three-dimensional supramolecular architectures were formed. The magnetic susceptibility of both compounds showed strong antiferromagnetic interactions involving the coordinated radical unit and the metal and lesser contribution from ferromagnetic interactions between the radical units. For compound 1, a good fit was obtained for g Mn = 2.08, g rad = 2.00 (fixed), J 1 = -294.3 cm-1, J 2 = 6.2 cm-1 and J 3 = 10.8 cm-1. A reasonable fit for compound 2 was obtained for g Mn = 2.04, g rad = 2.00 (fixed), J 1' = -273.4 cm-1 and J 2' = 8.6 cm-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Li Gao
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin
University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin
University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Liguo Gao
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin
University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Jian Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin
University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Yali Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin
University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Katsuya Inoue
- Department
of Chemistry, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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Zhu Z, He X, Tan W, Hong J, Liao S, Lv J, Zeng K, Hu J, Yang G. A new class of high-performance thermoset resins using dicyanoimidazole (DCI) as crosslinking group: A key demo of synthesis, curing behavior and thermal properties. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hu J, Yang W, Tan W, Liang B, Xiao H, Li R, Lv J, Zeng K, Yang G. A novel development route for cyano-based high performance thermosetting resins via the strategy of functional group design-dicyanoimidazole resins. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kelley SP, Smetana V, Emerson SD, Mudring AV, Rogers RD. Benchtop access to anhydrous actinide N-donor coordination complexes using ionic liquids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4232-4235. [PMID: 32182311 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09852f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
By dehydrating actinide salts with an ionic liquid containing a common anion and subsequent reaction with N-heterocyclic ligands, we challenge the concept that actinides prefer O- over N-donors; rather the acidic hydrogen atoms of protic solvents hinder the formation of more elusive f-element N-donor coordination complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Zhang Y, Liu D, Dai S, Lu H. Surfactant-Free Microemulsion Based on CO 2-Induced Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:9024-9030. [PMID: 31573810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel surfactant-free microemulsion (SFME) based on CO2-induced ionic liquids (ILs) was prepared. Among them, dipropylamine (DPA) was directly reacted with CO2 to form the ILs that were composed of the ammonium salts and the ammonium carbamate salts, which was confirmed by 13C NMR, Fourier transform infrared, electrical conductivity, and pH. In addition, the purity of ILs was determined by 1H NMR. We used water as a polar phase, ILs as an amphi-solvent, and 1-dodecanol as a nonpolar phase to prepare SFME. The multiphase zone and the single-phase zone of the SFME were obtained from the ternary-phase diagram. Then, the microstructure of the studied SFME was determined to be the O/W type by the staining method. The demulsification process of SFME was explored by means of conductivity, pH, dynamic light scattering, and gas chromatography. Under the introduction of N2, CO2 could be removed, and the ILs could be reversibly restored to DPA, resulting in a change in polarity, which caused most of DPA to transfer into the oil phase, eventually leading to demulsification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu 610500 , P. R. China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu 610500 , P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Dai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu 610500 , P. R. China
| | - Hongsheng Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu 610500 , P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Oilfield Chemistry , Ministry of Education , Chengdu 610500 , P. R. China
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Zeng Q, Mukherjee A, Müller P, Rogers RD, Myerson AS. Exploring the role of ionic liquids to tune the polymorphic outcome of organic compounds. Chem Sci 2017; 9:1510-1520. [PMID: 29675194 PMCID: PMC5887107 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04353h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While molecular solvents are commonly used in the screening of polymorphs, the choices are often restricted. Ionic liquids (ILs) - also referred as designer solvents - have immense possibility in this regard because of their wide flexibility of tunability. More importantly, the interactions among the IL components are completely unique compared to those present in the molecular solvents. In this context, we have chosen tetrolic acid (TA) and isonicotinamide (INA), which showed solution-structure link in molecular solvents in the past, as probes to investigate the role of imidazolium based ionic liquids in the polymorphism of these two systems and whether the different solute-solvent interactions in ILs affect the polymorphic outcome. It is observed that the selected imidazolium-based ILs, with varying anion basicity have influenced the crystallization outcome by the interaction between ILs and model compounds. Later, we have utilized the concept of double salt ionic liquids (DSIL) for INA, a penta-morphic system, to investigate the variation in the polymorphic outcome. This approach helped to obtain the forms that were otherwise inaccessible in ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Zeng
- Novartis-MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing , Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA .
| | - Arijit Mukherjee
- Novartis-MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing , Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA .
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 6-331, 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA
| | - Robin D Rogers
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke St. W. , Montreal , QC H3A 0B8 , Canada
| | - Allan S Myerson
- Novartis-MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing , Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , USA .
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