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Tan J, Li D, Zhu J, Han N, Gong Y, Zhang Y. Self-trapped excitons in soft semiconductors. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:16394-16414. [PMID: 36317508 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03935d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Self-trapped excitons (STEs) have attracted tremendous attention due to their intriguing properties and potential optoelectronic applications. STEs are formed from the lattice distortion induced by the strong electron (exciton)-phonon coupling in soft semiconductors upon photoexcitation, which features in broadband photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra with a large Stokes shift. Recently, significant progress has been achieved in this field but many remain challenges that need to be solved, including the understanding of the underlying physical mechanism, tuning of the performance, and device applications. Along these lines, for the first time, systematic experimental characterizations and advanced theoretical calculations are presented in this review to shed light on the physical mechanism. The possibility of tuning the STEs through multiple degrees of freedom is also presented, along with an overview of the STE-based emerged applications and future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Tan
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China.
| | - Delong Li
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China.
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China.
| | - Na Han
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China.
| | - Youning Gong
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China.
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China.
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2
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Briant M, Mestdagh JM, Gaveau MA, Poisson L. Reaction dynamics within a cluster environment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9807-9835. [PMID: 35441619 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This perspective article reviews experimental and theoretical works where rare gas clusters and helium nanodroplets are used as a nanoreactor to investigate chemical dynamics in a solvent environment. A historical perspective is presented first followed by specific considerations on the mobility of reactants within these reaction media. The dynamical response of pure clusters and nanodroplets to photoexcitation is shortly reviewed before examining the role of the cluster (or nanodroplet) degrees of freedom in the photodynamics of the guest atoms and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Briant
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Marc-André Gaveau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lionel Poisson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France.
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3
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Dhiman M, Douady J, Gervais B. Geometry, absorption and luminescence of small Ar clusters. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2049905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Dhiman
- Normandie University, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, CIMAP, UMR6252, Caen, France
| | - Julie Douady
- Normandie University, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, CIMAP, UMR6252, Caen, France
| | - Benoit Gervais
- Normandie University, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, CIMAP, UMR6252, Caen, France
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4
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Awali S, Mestdagh JM, Gaveau MA, Briant M, Soep B, Mazet V, Poisson L. Time-Resolved Observation of the Solvation Dynamics of a Rydberg Excited Molecule Deposited on an Argon Cluster. II. DABCO ☆ at Long Time Delays. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:4341-4351. [PMID: 34003648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The real-time dynamics of DABCO-argon clusters is investigated in a femtosecond pump-probe experiment where the pump excites DABCO to the S1 state within the argon cluster. The probe operates by photoionization and documents the energy and angular distributions of the resulting photoelectrons. The present work complements a previous work from our group [Awali Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2014, 16, 516-526] where this dynamics was probed at short time, up to 4 ps after the pump pulse. Here, the dynamics is followed up to 500 ps. A multiscale dynamics is observed. It includes a jump between two solvation sites (time scale 0.27 ps) followed by the relaxation of the solvation cage excess vibrational energy (time scale 14 ps) and then by that of DABCO (time scale >150 ps). Polarization anisotropy, double polarization, and angular anisotropy effects are reported also. They are interpreted (quantitatively for the former effect) in terms of decoherence of rotational alignment, driven by the overall rotation of the DABCO-argon clusters. A tomographic view of the DABCO excited orbital, provided by the double anisotropy effect, is discussed on a qualitative basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slim Awali
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,EMIR, Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d'Ingénieurs, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Marc-André Gaveau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marc Briant
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benoît Soep
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Vincent Mazet
- ICube, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, 300 boulevard Sébastien Brant, BP 10413, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Lionel Poisson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
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5
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Buizza LV, Wright AD, Longo G, Sansom HC, Xia CQ, Rosseinsky MJ, Johnston MB, Snaith HJ, Herz LM. Charge-Carrier Mobility and Localization in Semiconducting Cu 2AgBiI 6 for Photovoltaic Applications. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2021; 6:1729-1739. [PMID: 34056108 PMCID: PMC8155390 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lead-free silver-bismuth semiconductors have become increasingly popular materials for optoelectronic applications, building upon the success of lead halide perovskites. In these materials, charge-lattice couplings fundamentally determine charge transport, critically affecting device performance. In this study, we investigate the optoelectronic properties of the recently discovered lead-free semiconductor Cu2AgBiI6 using temperature-dependent photoluminescence, absorption, and optical-pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy. We report ultrafast charge-carrier localization effects, evident from sharp THz photoconductivity decays occurring within a few picoseconds after excitation and a rise in intensity with decreasing temperature of long-lived, highly Stokes-shifted photoluminescence. We conclude that charge carriers in Cu2AgBiI6 are subject to strong charge-lattice coupling. However, such small polarons still exhibit mobilities in excess of 1 cm2 V-1 s-1 at room temperature because of low energetic barriers to formation and transport. Together with a low exciton binding energy of ∼29 meV and a direct band gap near 2.1 eV, these findings highlight Cu2AgBiI6 as an attractive lead-free material for photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo
R. V. Buizza
- Department
of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon
Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Adam D. Wright
- Department
of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon
Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Longo
- Department
of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon
Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
- Department
of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, University of Northumbria, Ellison Place, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Harry C. Sansom
- Department
of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon
Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Chelsea Q. Xia
- Department
of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon
Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Rosseinsky
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United
Kingdom
| | - Michael B. Johnston
- Department
of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon
Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Department
of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon
Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Laura M. Herz
- Department
of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon
Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
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Mestdagh JM, Poisson L. Excited State Dynamics of Isolated 6- and 8-Hydroxyquinoline Molecules. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:2605-2613. [PMID: 33022865 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced dynamics of isolated n-hydroxyquinoline (nHQ) molecules (n=6,8) was investigated in femtosecond pump-probe experiments. A qualitative difference was found between 8HQ and 6HQ. After an initial rapid decay corresponding to the departure of the initial wavepacket out of the Franck-Condon region of the excitation, the 8HQ probe signal decays to zero in 0.37 ps whereas a much longer time constant of 10.4 ps is observed in 6HQ. This interrogates on the role played by the intramolecular H-bond N · · · HO which is at play the 8HQ molecule. Ab-initio were performed at the MCSCF/aug-cc-pVDZ level on the 8HQ molecule to help the discussion. A complex energy landscape was found, which includes a conical intersection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Mestdagh
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lionel Poisson
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Lu W, Metz RB, Troy TP, Kostko O, Ahmed M. Exciton energy transfer reveals spectral signatures of excited states in clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14284-14292. [PMID: 32555897 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02042g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Electronic excitation and concomitant energy transfer leading to Penning ionization in argon-acetylene clusters generated in a supersonic expansion are investigated with synchrotron-based photoionization mass spectrometry and electronic structure calculations. Spectral features in the photoionization efficiency of the mixed argon-acetylene clusters reveal a blue shift from the 2P1/2 and 2P3/2 excited states of atomic argon. Analysis of this feature suggests that excited states of argon clusters transfer energy to acetylene, resulting in its ionization and successive evaporation of argon. Theoretically calculated Arn (n = 2-6) cluster spectra are in excellent agreement with experimental observations, and provide insight into the structure and ionization dynamics of the clusters. A comparison between argon-acetylene and argon-water clusters reveals that argon solvates water better, allowing for higher-order excitons and Rydberg states to be populated. These results are explained by theoretical calculations of respective binding energies and structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Lu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Ricardo B Metz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Tyler P Troy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Oleg Kostko
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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