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Chen Y, Zhu F, Leng J, Ying T, Jiang JW, Zhou Q, Chang T, Guo W, Gao H. Fluctuotaxis: Nanoscale directional motion away from regions of fluctuation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2220500120. [PMID: 37487105 PMCID: PMC10401016 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2220500120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulating the motion of nanoscale objects on a solid surface is vital for a broad range of technologies such as nanotechnology, biotechnology, and mechanotechnology. In spite of impressive advances achieved in the field, there is still a lack of a robust mechanism which can operate under a wide range of situations and in a controllable manner. Here, we report a mechanism capable of controllably driving directed motion of any nanoobjects (e.g., nanoparticles, biomolecules, etc.) in both solid and liquid forms. We show via molecular dynamics simulations that a nanoobject would move preferentially away from the fluctuating region of an underlying substrate, a phenomenon termed fluctuotaxis-for which the driving force originates from the difference in atomic fluctuations of the substrate behind and ahead of the object. In particular, we find that the driving force can depend quadratically on both the amplitude and frequency of the substrate and can thus be tuned flexibly. The proposed driving mechanism provides a robust and controllable way for nanoscale mass delivery and has potential in various applications including nanomotors, molecular machines, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Fangyan Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Jiantao Leng
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Tianquan Ying
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Jin-Wu Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200072, China
- Joint-Research Center for Computational Materials, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou311100, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Tienchong Chang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200072, China
- Joint-Research Center for Computational Materials, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou311100, China
- Shanghai Institute of Aircraft Mechanics and Control, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China
| | - Wanlin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Institute of Nanoscience of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing210016, China
| | - Huajian Gao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore138632, Singapore
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Yang F, Hu ZY, Shao XH. First-principles study on tuning electronic and optical properties in graphene rotation on h-BN. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Yang Y, Ma J, Yang J, Zhang Y. Molecular Dynamics Simulation on In-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Graphene/Hexagonal Boron Nitride van der Waals Heterostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:45742-45751. [PMID: 36172714 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), and their heterostructures are promising thermal interface materials due to the outstanding thermal properties of graphene and h-BN. For the heterostructures, extensive work has mainly focused on the thermal transport of two-dimensional (2D) graphene/h-BN (GBN) in-plane heterostructures in which graphene and h-BN are bonded at the interface. In this study, we investigate the thermal conductivity of three-dimensional (3D) GBN van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures by means of nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations. Unlike the 2D GBN in-plane heterostructure, the 3D GBN vdW heterostructure consists of three layers where graphene is sandwiched by two h-BN sheets via vdW forces. Various techniques, including hydrogen-functionalization, vacancy defects, tensile strain, interlayer coupling strength, layer numbers of h-BN, size effect, and temperature, are extensively explored to find an effective route for the modulation of the thermal conductivity. It is found that the thermal conductivity of the triple-layer GBN vdW heterostructure is very sensitive to these extrinsic factors. Of these, hydrogen-functionalization is the most effective method. A low hydrogen coverage of 1% in the sandwiched graphene can lead to 55% reduction in the thermal conductivity of the vdW heterostructure. Vacancy defects on graphene exert a more significant effect on the thermal conductivity reduction for the vdW heterostructure than B or N vacancies in the outer h-BN layers. This work reveals the physical mechanism for manipulating the thermal transport along the GBN vdW heterostructures via structural modification and provides a useful guideline for designing novel thermal management devices based on the GBN vdW heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhe Yang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Jun Ma
- University of South Australia, UniSA STEM and Future Industries Institute, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Yingyan Zhang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
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Hassanpour M, Hassanpour M, Faghihi S, Khezripour S, Rezaie M, Dehghanipour P, Faruque MRI, Khandaker MU. Introduction of Graphene/h-BN Metamaterial as Neutron Radiation Shielding by Implementing Monte Carlo Simulation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6667. [PMID: 36234009 PMCID: PMC9573589 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, graphene/h-BN metamaterial was investigated as a new neutron radiation shielding (NRS) material by Monte Carlo N-Particle X version (MCNPX) Transport Code. The graphene/h-BN metamaterial are capable of both thermal and fast neutron moderator and neutron absorber process. The constituent phases in graphene/h-BN metamaterial are chosen to be hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphene. The introduced target was irradiated by an Am-Be neutron source with an energy spectrum of 100 keV to 15 MeV in a Monte Carlo simulation input file. The resulting current transmission rate (CTR) was investigated by the MCNPX code. Due to concrete's widespread use as a radiation shielding material, the results of this design were also compared with concrete targets. The results show a significant increase in NRS compared to concrete. Therefore, metamaterial with constituent phase's graphene/h-BN can be a suitable alternative to concrete for NRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Hassanpour
- Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mehdi Hassanpour
- Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Simin Faghihi
- Department of Engineering, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arghavanieh, Isfahan 8155139998, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Khezripour
- Department of Molecular and Atomic Physics, Faculty of Modern Science and Technology, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631885356, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Rezaie
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631885356, Iran
| | - Parvin Dehghanipour
- Department of Physics, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran 1599959515, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque
- Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, DIU Road, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh
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Fan L, Xu J, Hong Y. Defects in graphene-based heterostructures: topological and geometrical effects. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6772-6782. [PMID: 35424609 PMCID: PMC8982235 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08884j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of graphene (Gr) and graphene-like materials provides the possibility of using two-dimensional (2D) atomic layer building blocks to create unprecedented architectures. The most attractive characteristics are strongly dependent on the various spatial structures, mainly including in-plane heterostructures butt-joined at the side of an atomic monolayer through covalent bonds, van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures involving a vertically stacked hybrid structure, and their combinations. Heterostructures can not only overcome the limitations inherent to each material but may also obtain new features by appropriate material combination. However, heterostructures made of vdW force superposition or covalent bond splicing are prone to defects. The introduction of external and internal defects causes local deformation and stress in the material, thereby affecting the physical properties of the material, such as its transport properties and mechanical properties. Therefore, research, utilization and control of these defects are highly critical. This paper reviews the vacancy, topological and geometrical effects of defects in modulating the structures and mechanical responses of Gr-based heterostructures. Moreover, the coupling effects of various defects on the Gr-based heterostructures in multi-physics fields are also discussed. This work aims to improve the understanding of the physical mechanism of defective configurations and their association in low dimensions, so as to realize various configurations and to aid the search for new usages. The combination of graphene (Gr) and graphene-like materials provides the possibility of using two-dimensional (2D) atomic layer building blocks to create unprecedented architectures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yihong Hong
- Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai, China
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Islam MS, Mia I, Ahammed S, Stampfl C, Park J. Exceptional in-plane and interfacial thermal transport in graphene/2D-SiC van der Waals heterostructures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22050. [PMID: 33328491 PMCID: PMC7745045 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78472-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene based van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) have gained substantial interest recently due to their unique electrical and optical characteristics as well as unprecedented opportunities to explore new physics and revolutionary design of nanodevices. However, the heat conduction performance of these vdWHs holds a crucial role in deciding their functional efficiency. In-plane and out-of-plane thermal conduction phenomena in graphene/2D-SiC vdWHs were studied using reverse non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and the transient pump-probe technique, respectively. At room temperature, we determined an in-plane thermal conductivity of ~ 1452 W/m-K for an infinite length graphene/2D-SiC vdWH, which is superior to any graphene based vdWHs reported yet. The out-of-plane thermal resistance of graphene → 2D-SiC and 2D-SiC → graphene was estimated to be 2.71 × 10−7 km2/W and 2.65 × 10−7 km2/W, respectively, implying the absence of the thermal rectification effect in the heterobilayer. The phonon-mediated both in-plane and out-of-plane heat transfer is clarified for this prospective heterobilayer. This study furthermore explored the impact of various interatomic potentials on the thermal conductivity of the heterobilayer. These findings are useful in explaining the heat conduction at the interfaces in graphene/2D-SiC vdWH and may provide a guideline for efficient design and regulation of their thermal characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sherajul Islam
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
| | - Imon Mia
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Shihab Ahammed
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Catherine Stampfl
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jeongwon Park
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.,School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
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An MD-based systematic study on the mechanical characteristics of a novel hybrid CNT/graphene drug carrier. J Mol Model 2020; 26:241. [PMID: 32814981 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04487-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper is aimed to assess the mechanical properties of a hybrid graphene-carbon nanotube carrier embedded with doxorubicin (DOX). Utilizing molecular dynamics simulation, the results reveal that by increasing the temperature from 309 to 313 K, the elastic modulus of the GS/CNT/DOX carrier decreases from 0.8 to 0.74 TPa. Also, it is shown that the presence of chitosan molecules enhances the mechanical characteristics of the proposed nanocarrier. Taking the chirality of the graphene sheet into account, the results indicate that by increasing the size of the graphene sheet, the failure stress is slightly increased for the armchair type. However, this value decreases as the size of the zigzag sample increases. Additionally, the influence of aspect ratio on the elastic modulus, fracture stress, and fracture strain of these systems is systematically examined. It has been shown that the failure stress may change significantly with increasing this parameter, especially for carrier systems having zigzag carbon nanostructures. Moreover considering various voids content in the CNT structure, the weakening effect of defects is systematically explored. Also, the dependence of the mechanical features of the proposed hybrid carrier on the presence of DOX molecules is studied via MD simulations. Finally, we have investigated the role of CNT physical characteristics including its size and chirality on the results. Graphical abstract.
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Yao W, Fan L. Research on the correlation of mechanical properties of BN-graphene-BN/BN vertically-stacked nanostructures in the presence of interlayer sp 3 bonds and nanopores with temperature. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:5920-5928. [PMID: 32109269 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00179a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the coupling of an internal field (defect field-sp3 bonds and nanopores) and an external field (strain and temperature). Simultaneously, we provide a design idea of hybrid materials. The mechanical properties of hybrid materials under the condition of internal and external field coupling were studied. When nanopores and sp3 bonds are considered simultaneously, we found that internal (sp3 bonds and defects) and external field (temperature and strain fields) have a negative chain reaction on the mechanical properties of BN-graphene-BN/BN vertically-stacked nanostructures, and the negative chain reaction will gradually increase with the change in parameters (such as the increase in temperature). The sp3 bonds can be regarded as a special defect, which will increase the initial strain of the system. In addition, the mechanical properties of the nanostructure, containing square nanopores in the boron nitride region are most sensitive to temperature change, relative to the nanopore in the other two regions. Atoms (around square nanopores) are more likely to overcome the binding energy and lose stability from the inherent equilibrium position, relative to that of circular nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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The Effect of Ion Irradiation Induced Defects on Mechanical Properties of Graphene/Copper Layered Nanocomposites. METALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/met9070733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the miraculous functions of graphene is to use its defects to alter the material properties of graphene composites and, thereby, expand the application of graphene in other fields. In this paper, various defects have been created in graphene by using ion irradiation. Defective graphene is sandwiched between two copper layers. A numerical model of Graphene/Copper layered composites after irradiation damage was established by the molecular dynamics method. The effects of ion irradiation and temperature coupling on defective graphene/copper composites were studied. The results show that there are a lot of empty defects in graphene after irradiation injury, which will produce more incomplete bonding. Although the bonds between carbon atoms can be weakened, defective graphene still enhances the mechanical properties of pure copper. At the same time, the location and arrangement of defects have a great influence on the mechanical stability of graphene/copper composites, and the arrangement of empty defects has different effects on deformation behavior and the stress transfer mechanism. It can be concluded that the defects formed by radiation have an effect on the physical properties of two-dimensional materials. Therefore, irradiation technology can be used to artificially control the formation of defects, and then make appropriate adjustments to their properties. This can not only optimize the radiation resistance and mechanical properties of nuclear materials, but also expand the application of graphene in electronic devices and other fields.
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