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Yan W, Liu Y, Wang Y, Yi J, Yang J, Wang Z, Sun Q, Zhou P, Zheng M, Huo J, Wang Y. Conformal, Substrate-Free Liquid Metal Electrode for Continuous Health Monitoring. ACS Sens 2025; 10:3450-3460. [PMID: 40355370 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
Thin, skin-conformal soft electronics are ideal for seamless integration with the skin, enabling high-fidelity health monitoring and advanced human-machine interactions. However, achieving imperceptible and seamless adhesion with traditional materials and design approaches remains challenging as it is difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of gas permeability, high conductivity, and conformability. In this work, we present a straightforward and efficient design for ultrathin, substrate-free, highly gas-permeable, and conductive liquid metal electrodes. These electrodes can be directly laminated onto human skin using water mist dissolution, facilitated by electrospun nanomeshes made from a poly(vinyl alcohol) and sodium dodecyl sulfate substrate. The electrodes have a thickness of 8.3 μm, a conductivity of 4.2 × 106 S m-1, and a gas permeability of 1283.8 ± 27.7 g m-2 day-1. A 24 h skin patch test demonstrated that the epidermal electrodes did not cause any skin irritation. Additionally, the electrodes exhibit excellent customizable patterning capabilities and recyclability. The electrodes successfully measure high-fidelity electrophysiological signals wirelessly, even during various daily activities such as sleep, work on the computer, and walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Junhong Yi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Zonglei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Qingyuan Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Meiqiong Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Jing Huo
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou 253003, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for Health and Medicine, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
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2
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Guo Y, Wang X, Zhang L, Zhou X, Wang S, Jiang L, Chen H. From Dry to Wet, the Nature Inspired Strong Attachment Surfaces and Their Medical Applications. ACS NANO 2025; 19:9684-9708. [PMID: 40051147 PMCID: PMC11924587 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c17864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2025] [Accepted: 02/28/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025]
Abstract
Strong attachment in complicated human body environments is of great importance for precision medicine especially with the rapid growth of minimal invasive surgery and flexible electronics. Natural organisms with highly evolved feet or claws can easily climb in complex environments from dry to wet and even underwater, providing significant inspiration for strong attachment research. This review summarizes the strong attachment behaviors of natural creatures in varied environments such as the gecko, tree frog, and octopus. Their attachment surfaces' complex micronano structures and material properties exhibit evolutionary adaptations that enable them to transition across dry, wet, and underwater environments, highlighting the intricate mechanism of interfacial micronano dynamic behaviors. The interfacial liquid/air media regulation and contact stress adjustment from the coupling effects of surface structures and materials have been concluded as key factors in natural strong attachments. With the bioinspired strong attachment surface design, manufacturing methods including mold-assisted replication, nano 3D printing, self-assembly and field induced molding have been discussed. Finally, applications of bioinspired surfaces in low damage surgical instruments, tissue repair and flexible electronics have been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurun Guo
- School
of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- School
of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- School
of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xinzhao Zhou
- School
of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shutao Wang
- Technical
Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Technical
Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huawei Chen
- School
of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
- Beijing
Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
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3
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Miao H, Liu Y, Zheng C, Huang X, Song Y, Tong L, Dong C, Fu X, Huang H, Ge M, Liu H, Qian Y. A flexible, antifreezing, and long-term stable cellulose ionic conductive hydrogel via one-step preparation for flexible electronic sensors. Carbohydr Polym 2025; 351:122936. [PMID: 39778980 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
Ionic conductive hydrogels have attracted great attention due to their good flexibility and conductivity in flexible electronic devices. However, because of the icing and water loss problems, the compatibility issue between the mechanical properties and conductivity of hydrogel electrolytes over a wide temperature range remains extremely challenging to achieve. Although, antifreezing/water-retaining additives could alleviate these problems, the reduced performance and complex preparation methods seriously limit their development. In this work, a simple strategy without additives was provided to prepare an ionic conductive cellulose hydrogel (ICH) in one step through molten salt hydrate. The hydrogel featured controllable mechanical properties (0.19 MPa - 0.67 MPa), high ionic conductivity (78.96 mS/cm), excellent freezing resistance (-80 °C). More importantly, due to the existing metal salts component, the ICH exhibited long-term stability in water-retention ability (75.6 %, after 90 days) and ionic conductivity (85 %, after 90 days) over a wide working temperature range (-80 °C to 40 °C). Benefiting from these advantages, the ICH exhibited excellent electromechanical performance in human movement detection and movement direction identification, indicating a promising apply for flexible electronic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Miao
- Key Laboratory of Thorium Energy, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 2019 Jialuo Road, Shanghai 201800, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiyang Liu
- Phonon Science Research Center for Carbon Dioxide, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chongyang Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiaojuan Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yidan Song
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Tong
- Key Laboratory of Thorium Energy, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 2019 Jialuo Road, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Changwu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Thorium Energy, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 2019 Jialuo Road, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Xiaobin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Thorium Energy, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 2019 Jialuo Road, Shanghai 201800, China.
| | - Hailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Thorium Energy, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 2019 Jialuo Road, Shanghai 201800, China.
| | - Min Ge
- Key Laboratory of Thorium Energy, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 2019 Jialuo Road, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Thorium Energy, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 2019 Jialuo Road, Shanghai 201800, China.
| | - Yuan Qian
- Key Laboratory of Thorium Energy, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 2019 Jialuo Road, Shanghai 201800, China
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4
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Mironov MS, Yakubovsky DI, Ermolaev GA, Khramtsov IA, Kirtaev RV, Slavich AS, Tselikov GI, Vyshnevyy AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS, Novoselov KS. Graphene-Inspired Wafer-Scale Ultrathin Gold Films. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:16270-16275. [PMID: 39667738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c04311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2024]
Abstract
As the trajectory toward the graphene era continues, there is a compelling need to harness 2D technology further for the transformation of three-dimensional (3D) materials production and applications. Here, we resolve this challenge for one of the most widely utilized 3D materials in modern electronics─gold─using graphene-inspired fabrication technology that allows us to develop a multistep production method of ultrathin gold films. Such films demonstrate continuous morphology, low sheet resistance (10 Ω/sq), and high transparency (80%), offering opportunities in a variety of technological and scientific sectors. To this end, we demonstrate smart contact lenses and thermal camouflage based on ultrathin gold. Technologically, the record-breaking characteristics of ultrathin gold films open new horizons for flexible and transparent electrodes for photonics and optoelectronics. Most importantly, the demonstration of transferable wafer-scale ultrathin gold changes the paradigm of the field of 2D crystals and dramatically expands the range of available quasi-2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail S Mironov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dmitry I Yakubovsky
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Georgy A Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Igor A Khramtsov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Roman V Kirtaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aleksandr S Slavich
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gleb I Tselikov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andrey A Vyshnevyy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aleksey V Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 03-09 EA, Singapore
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Building S9, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore
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5
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Banik O, Salve AL, Kumar P, Kumar S, Banoth E. Electrically conductive nanomaterials: transformative applications in biomedical engineering-a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 36:022001. [PMID: 39389095 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad857d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, significant advancements in nanotechnology have improved the various disciplines of scientific fields. Nanomaterials, like, carbon-based (carbon nanotubes, graphene), metallic, metal oxides, conductive polymers, and 2D materials (MXenes) exhibit exceptional electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, flexibility, thermal property and chemical stability. These materials hold significant capability in transforming material science and biomedical engineering by enabling the creation of more efficient, miniaturized, and versatile devices. The indulgence of nanotechnology with conductive materials in biological fields promises a transformative innovation across various industries, from bioelectronics to environmental regulations. The conductivity of nanomaterials with a suitable size and shape exhibits unique characteristics, which provides a platform for realization in bioelectronics as biosensors, tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery systems. It can be explored for state-of-the-art cardiac, skeletal, nerve, and bone scaffold fabrication while highlighting their proof-of-concept in the development of biosensing probes and medical imaging. This review paper highlights the significance and application of the conductive nanomaterials associated with conductivity and their contribution towards a new perspective in improving the healthcare system globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oindrila Banik
- Opto-Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Amol Lalchand Salve
- Opto-Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Prasoon Kumar
- BioDesign and Medical Devices, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Centre of Excellence for Nanotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh 522302, India
| | - Earu Banoth
- Opto-Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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6
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Tang D, Qu R, Xiang H, He E, Hu H, Ma Z, Liu G, Wei Y, Ji J. Highly Stretchable Composite Conductive Fibers (SCCFs) and Their Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2710. [PMID: 39408423 PMCID: PMC11478555 DOI: 10.3390/polym16192710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Stretchable composite conductive fibers (SCCFs) exhibit remarkable conductivity, stretchability, breathability, and biocompatibility, making them ideal candidates for wearable electronics and bioelectronics. The exploitation of SCCFs in electronic devices requires a careful balance of many aspects, including material selection and process methodologies, to address the complex challenges associated with their electrical and mechanical properties. In this review, we elucidate the conductive mechanism of SCCFs and summarize strategies for integrating various conductors with stretchable fibers, emphasizing the primary challenges in fabricating highly conductive fibers. Furthermore, we explore the multifaceted applications of SCCFs-based frameworks in wearable electronic devices. This review aims to emphasize the significance of SCCFs and offers insights into their conductive mechanisms, material selection, manufacturing technologies, and performance improvement. Hopefully, it can guide the innovative development of SCCFs and broaden their application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.T.); (H.X.); (E.H.); (H.H.)
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Ruixiang Qu
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 310000, China; (R.Q.); (Z.M.)
| | - Huacui Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.T.); (H.X.); (E.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Enjian He
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.T.); (H.X.); (E.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Hanshi Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.T.); (H.X.); (E.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Zhijun Ma
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 310000, China; (R.Q.); (Z.M.)
| | - Guojun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.T.); (H.X.); (E.H.); (H.H.)
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology and Institute of Biomedical Technology, Chung-Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
| | - Jiujiang Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.T.); (H.X.); (E.H.); (H.H.)
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Lan T, Tian H, Chen X, Li X, Wang C, Wang D, Li S, Liu G, Zhu X, Shao J. Treefrog-Inspired Flexible Electrode with High Permeability, Stable Adhesion, and Robust Durability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404761. [PMID: 38796773 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Long-term continuous monitoring (LTCM) of physiological electrical signals is an effective means for detecting several cardiovascular diseases. However, the integrated challenges of stable adhesion, low impedance, and robust durability under different skin conditions significantly hinder the application of flexible electrodes in LTCM. This paper proposes a structured electrode inspired by the treefrog web, comprising dispersed pillars at the bottom and asymmetric cone holes at the top. Attachment structures with a dispersed pillar improve the contact stability (adhesion increases 2.79/13.16 times in dry/wet conditions compared to an electrode without structure). Improved permeable duct structure provides high permeability (12 times compared to cotton). Due to high adhesion and permeability, the electrode's durability is 40 times larger than commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes. The treefrog web-like electrode has great advantages in permeability, adhesion, and durability, resulting in prospects for application in physiological electrical signal detection and a new design idea for LTCM wearable dry electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Hongmiao Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xiaoliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 YanXiang Road, West 5th building, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Xiangming Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 YanXiang Road, West 5th building, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Duorui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Gangqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xinkai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Jinyou Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 YanXiang Road, West 5th building, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
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8
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Wang Z, Xiao M, Li Z, Wang X, Li F, Yang H, Chen Y, Zhu Z. Microneedle Patches-Integrated Transdermal Bioelectronics for Minimally Invasive Disease Theranostics. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303921. [PMID: 38341619 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Wearable epidermal electronics with non- or minimally-invasive characteristics can collect, transduce, communicate, and interact with accessible physicochemical health indicators on the skin. However, due to the stratum corneum layer, rich information about body health is buried under the skin stratum corneum layer, for example, in the skin interstitial fluid. Microneedle patches are typically designed with arrays of special microsized needles of length within 1000 µm. Such characteristics potentially enable the access and sample of biomolecules under the skin or give therapeutical treatment painlessly and transdermally. Integrating microneedle patches with various electronics allows highly efficient transdermal bioelectronics, showing their great promise for biomedical and healthcare applications. This comprehensive review summarizes and highlights the recent progress on integrated transdermal bioelectronics based on microneedle patches. The design criteria and state-of-the-art fabrication techniques for such devices are initially discussed. Next, devices with different functions, including but not limited to health monitoring, drug delivery, and therapeutical treatment, are highlighted in detail. Finally, key issues associated with current technologies and future opportunities are elaborated to sort out the state of recent research, point out potential bottlenecks, and provide future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Min Xiao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhanhong Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xinghao Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Fangjie Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huayuan Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Health Industry Innovation Center, Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, 81 Xiangxue Middle Avenue, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510799, China
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9
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Wang H, Zeng C, Wang C, Fu J, Li Y, Yang Y, Du Z, Tao G, Sun Q, Zhai T, Li H. Fibration of powdery materials. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:596-603. [PMID: 38418925 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Non-destructive processing of powders into macroscopic materials with a wealth of structural and functional possibilities has immeasurable scientific significance and application value, yet remains a challenge using conventional processing techniques. Here we developed a universal fibration method, using two-dimensional cellulose as a mediator, to process diverse powdered materials into micro-/nanofibres, which provides structural support to the particles and preserves their own specialties and architectures. It is found that the self-shrinking force drives the two-dimensional cellulose and supported particles to pucker and roll into fibres, a gentle process that prevents agglomeration and structural damage of the powder particles. We demonstrate over 120 fibre samples involving various powder guests, including elements, compounds, organics and hybrids in different morphologies, densities and particle sizes. Customized fibres with an adjustable diameter and guest content can be easily constructed into high-performance macromaterials with various geometries, creating a library of building blocks for different fields of applications. Our fibration strategy provides a universal, powerful and non-destructive pathway bridging primary particles and macroapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinzhou Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Yingying Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yushan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhichen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Guangming Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingfeng Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China.
| | - Huiqiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China.
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10
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Karagiorgis X, Shakthivel D, Khandelwal G, Ginesi R, Skabara PJ, Dahiya R. Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS: Ag Nanowire-Based Nanofibers for Transparent Flexible Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:19551-19562. [PMID: 38567787 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Highly conductive, transparent, and easily available materials are needed in a wide range of devices, such as sensors, solar cells, and touch screens, as alternatives to expensive and unsustainable materials such as indium tin oxide. Herein, electrospinning was employed to develop fibers of PEDOT:PSS/silver nanowire (AgNW) composites on various substrates, including poly(caprolactone) (PCL), cotton fabric, and Kapton. The influence of AgNWs, as well as the applied voltage of electrospinning on the conductivity of fibers, was thoroughly investigated. The developed fibers showed a sheet resistance of 7 Ω/sq, a conductivity of 354 S/cm, and a transmittance value of 77%, providing excellent optoelectrical properties. Further, the effect of bending on the fibers' electrical properties was analyzed. The sheet resistance of fibers on the PCL substrate increased slightly from 7 to 8 Ω/sq, after 1000 bending cycles. Subsequently, as a proof of concept, the nanofibers were evaluated as electrode material in a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-based energy harvester, and they were observed to enhance the performance of the TENG device (78.83 V and 7 μA output voltage and current, respectively), as compared to the same device using copper electrodes. These experiments highlight the untapped potential of conductive electrospun fibers for flexible and transparent electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenofon Karagiorgis
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QQ, U.K
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QQ, U.K
| | - Dhayalan Shakthivel
- Bendable Electronics and Sustainable Technologies (BEST) Group, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Gaurav Khandelwal
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QQ, U.K
| | - Rebecca Ginesi
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QQ, U.K
| | - Peter J Skabara
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QQ, U.K
| | - Ravinder Dahiya
- Bendable Electronics and Sustainable Technologies (BEST) Group, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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11
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Bi X, Yao M, Huang Z, Wang Z, Shen H, Wong CP, Jiang C. Biomimetic Electronic Skin Based on a Stretchable Ionogel Mechanoreceptor Composed of Crumpled Conductive Rubber Electrodes for Synchronous Strain, Pressure, and Temperature Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38592053 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Electronic skin (e-skin) is showing a huge potential in human-computer interaction, intelligent robots, human health, motion monitoring, etc. However, it is still challenging for e-skin to realize distinguishable detection of stretching strain, vertical pressure, and temperature through a simple noncoupling structure design. Here, a stretchable multimodal biomimetic e-skin was fabricated by integrating layer-by-layer self-assembled crumpled reduced graphene oxide/multiwalled carbon nanotubes film on natural rubber (RGO/MWCNTs@NR) as stretchable conductive electrodes and polyacrylamide/NaCl ionogel as a dielectric layer into an ionotropic capacitive mechanoreceptor. Unlike natural skin receptors, the sandwich-like stretchable ionogel mechanoreceptor possessed a distinct ionotropic capacitive behavior for strain and pressure detection. The results showed that the biomimetic e-skin displayed a negative capacitance change with superior stretchability (0-300%) and a high gauge factor of 0.27 in 180-300% strain, while exhibiting a normal positive piezo-capacitance behavior in vertical pressure range of 0-15 kPa with a maximal sensitivity of 1.759 kPa-1. Based on this feature, the biomimetic e-skin showed an excellent synchronous detection capability of planar strain and vertical pressure in practical wearable applications such as gesture recognition and grasping movement detection without a complicated mathematical or signal decoupling process. In addition, the biomimetic e-skin exhibited a quantifiable linear responsiveness to temperature from 20-90 °C with a temperature coefficient of 0.55%/°C. These intriguing properties gave the biomimetic e-skin the ability to perform a complete function similar to natural skin but beyond its performance for future wearable devices and artificial intelligence devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Bi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Manzhao Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zhaoyan Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zuhao Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Huahao Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Ching-Ping Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Can Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
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12
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Shao Q, Wang H, Zhang L, Wang X, Zhang H, Bai R, Fu H. Fabrication of highly conductive, flexible, and hydrophobic Kevlar®@Ni-P-B@Cu@CS fabric with excellent self-cleaning performance for electromagnetic interference shielding. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4432-4443. [PMID: 38349221 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04291j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a simple and cost-effective method was proposed and developed to prepare a novel multilayer-structured Kevlar®@nickel-phosphorus-boron@copper@copper stearate (Kevlar®@Ni-P-B@Cu@CS) composite fabric with high conductivity, high flexibility, high hydrophobicity, and high durability to effectively shield electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this method, an amorphous Ni-P-B alloy nanolayer was initially deposited onto a Kevlar® fabric via electroless plating. Afterward, a crystalline Cu nanolayer was deposited as the second layer via electroplating. Finally, a monolayer of copper stearate was innovatively self-assembled as the outermost protective layer. The Cu deposition was effectively adjusted and designed by controlling the plating current and plating time. The electrical resistance and contact angle of the optimized Kevlar®@Ni-P-B@Cu@CS composite fabric were as low as 3.2 mΩ sq-1 and as high as 115.39°, respectively, indicating that the fabric could withstand bending, tape-off, corrosion, and accelerated environmental tests. The average EMI-shielding efficiency of the durable composite fabric was 93.9 dB in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz, which was mainly attributed to the absorption loss. Thus, the proposed material configuration has promise for applications in aviation, aerospace, telecommunication, wearable devices, and military industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinsi Shao
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, School of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, School of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China.
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, School of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China.
| | - Xihai Wang
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, School of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China.
| | - Hengxin Zhang
- Research Center for Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Ruicheng Bai
- Research Center for Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Hongshan Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China.
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13
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Ding Y, Jiang J, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Huang Q, Zheng Z. Porous Conductive Textiles for Wearable Electronics. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1535-1648. [PMID: 38373392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, researchers have made significant strides in the development of novel flexible/stretchable and conductive materials, enabling the creation of cutting-edge electronic devices for wearable applications. Among these, porous conductive textiles (PCTs) have emerged as an ideal material platform for wearable electronics, owing to their light weight, flexibility, permeability, and wearing comfort. This Review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the progress and state of the art of utilizing PCTs for the design and fabrication of a wide variety of wearable electronic devices and their integrated wearable systems. To begin with, we elucidate how PCTs revolutionize the form factors of wearable electronics. We then discuss the preparation strategies of PCTs, in terms of the raw materials, fabrication processes, and key properties. Afterward, we provide detailed illustrations of how PCTs are used as basic building blocks to design and fabricate a wide variety of intrinsically flexible or stretchable devices, including sensors, actuators, therapeutic devices, energy-harvesting and storage devices, and displays. We further describe the techniques and strategies for wearable electronic systems either by hybridizing conventional off-the-shelf rigid electronic components with PCTs or by integrating multiple fibrous devices made of PCTs. Subsequently, we highlight some important wearable application scenarios in healthcare, sports and training, converging technologies, and professional specialists. At the end of the Review, we discuss the challenges and perspectives on future research directions and give overall conclusions. As the demand for more personalized and interconnected devices continues to grow, PCT-based wearables hold immense potential to redefine the landscape of wearable technology and reshape the way we live, work, and play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Ding
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jinxing Jiang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yingsi Wu
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yaokang Zhang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Zhou
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
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14
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Berry KR, Roper DK, Dopp MA, Moore J. Transfer Printing of Ordered Plasmonic Nanoparticles at Hard and Soft Interfaces with Increased Fidelity and Biocompatibility Supports a Surface Lattice Resonance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:439-449. [PMID: 38154131 PMCID: PMC11209850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Transfer printing, the relocation of structures assembled on one surface to a different substrate by adjusting adhesive forces at the surface-substrate interface, is widely used to print electronic circuits on biological substrates like human skin and plant leaves. The fidelity of original structures must be preserved to maintain the functionality of transfer-printed circuits. This work developed new biocompatible methods to transfer a nanoscale square lattice of plasmon resonant nanoparticles from a lithographed surface onto leaf and glass substrates. The fidelity of the ordered nanoparticles was preserved across a large area in order to yield, for the first time, an optical surface lattice resonance on glass substrates. To effect the transfer, interfacial adhesion was adjusted by using laser induction of plasmons or unmounted adhesive. Optical and confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that submicron spacing of the square lattice was preserved in ≥90% of transfer-printed areas up to 4 mm2. Up to 90% of ordered nanoparticles were transferred, yielding a surface lattice resonance measured by transmission UV-vis spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith R. Berry
- Nanocellutions LLC, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States; Division of Research and Innovation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Donald Keith Roper
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Michelle A. Dopp
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - John Moore
- Nanocellutions LLC, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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15
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Bai R, Zhang P, Wang X, Zhang H, Wang H, Shao Q. Highly Conducting Surface-Silverized Aromatic Polysulfonamide (PSA) Fibers with Excellent Performance Prepared by Nano-Electroplating. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:115. [PMID: 38202570 PMCID: PMC10781100 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
In this work, bilayer nanocoatings were designed and constructed on high-performance aromatic polysulfonamide (PSA) fibers for robust electric conduction and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. More specifically, PSA fibers were first endowed with necessary electric conductivity via electroless nickel (Ni) or nickel alloy (Ni-P-B) plating. Afterward, silver electroplating was carried out to further improve the performance of the composite. The morphology, microstructure, environmental stability, mechanical properties, and EMI shielding performance of the proposed cladded fibers were thoroughly investigated to examine the effects of electrodeposition on both amorphous Ni-P-B and crystalline Ni substrates. The acquired results demonstrated that both PSA@Ni@Ag and PSA@Ni-P-B@Ag composite fibers had high environment stability, good tensile strength, low electric resistance, and outstanding EMI shielding efficiency. This indicates that they can have wide application prospects in aviation, aerospace, telecommunications, and military industries. Furthermore, the PSA@Ni-P-B@Ag fiber configuration seemed more reasonable because it exhibited smoother and denser silver surfaces as well as stronger interfacial binding, leading to lower resistance (185 mΩ cm-1) and better shielding efficiency (82.48 dB in the X-band).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Bai
- Research Center for Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China; (R.B.); (P.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, School of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Pei Zhang
- Research Center for Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China; (R.B.); (P.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xihai Wang
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, School of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Hengxin Zhang
- Research Center for Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China; (R.B.); (P.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, School of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Qinsi Shao
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, School of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (X.W.); (H.W.)
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16
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Ma X, Wang P, Huang L, Ding R, Zhou K, Shi Y, Chen F, Zhuang Q, Huang Q, Lin Y, Zheng Z. A monolithically integrated in-textile wristband for wireless epidermal biosensing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj2763. [PMID: 37948514 PMCID: PMC10637736 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj2763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Textile bioelectronics that allow comfortable epidermal contact hold great promise in noninvasive biosensing. However, their applications are limited mainly because of the large intrinsic electrical resistance and low compatibility for electronics integration. We report an integrated wristband that consists of multifunctional modules in a single piece of textile to realize wireless epidermal biosensing. The in-textile metallic patterning and reliable interconnect encapsulation contribute to the excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical robustness, and waterproofness that are competitive with conventional flexible devices. Moreover, the well-maintained porous textile architectures deliver air permeability of 79 mm s-1 and moisture permeability of 270 g m-2 day-1, which are more than one order of magnitude higher than medical tapes, thus ensuring superior wearing comfort. The integrated in-textile wristband performed continuous sweat potassium monitoring in the range of 0.3 to 40 mM with long-term stability, demonstrating its great potential for wearable fitness monitoring and point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohao Ma
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Liting Huang
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ruochen Ding
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kemeng Zhou
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuqing Shi
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Qiuna Zhuang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Yuanjing Lin
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
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17
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Wang H, Dou X, Wang Z, Liu Z, Ye Q, Guo R, Zhou F. Boosting Sensitivity and Durability of Pressure Sensors Based on Compressible Cu Sponges by Strengthening Adhesion of "Rigid-Soft" Interfaces. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303234. [PMID: 37501331 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The interface adhesion plays a key role between rigid metal and elastomer in compressible and stretchable conductors. However, the poor interfacial adhesion hinders their wide applications. To strengthen the interface adhesion, herein, a combination strategy of structure interlocking and polymer bridging is designed by introducing a method of subsurface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (sSI-ATRP). This method can make polymer brush root in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) subsurface, on this basis, metals further grow from subsurface to surface of PDMS via electroless deposition. As a result, the adhesive strength (≈2.5 MPa) between metal layer and PDMS elastomer is 4 times higher than that made by common polymer modification. As a demonstration, pressure sensor is constructed by using as-prepared compressible 3D Cu sponge as a top electrode and paper-based interdigited metal electrode as a bottom electrode. The device sensitivity can reach up to 961.2 kPa-1 and the durability can arrive at 3 000 cycles without degradation. Thus, this proposed interface-enhancement strategy for rigid-soft materials can significantly promote the performance of piezoresistive pressure sensors based on 3D conductive sponge. In the future, it would also be expanded to the fabrication of stretchable conductors and extensively applied in other flexible and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Qian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ruisheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacture, Yantai, 264006, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacture, Yantai, 264006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese of Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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18
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Dou X, Wang H, Liu Z, Zheng B, Zheng Z, Liu X, Guo R. Epoxy Resin-Assisted Cu Catalytic Printing for Flexible Cu Conductors on Smooth and Rough Substrates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37874909 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Flexible copper conductors have been extensively utilized in flexible and wearable electronics. They can be fabricated by using a variety of patterning techniques such as vacuum deposition, photolithography, and various printing techniques. However, vacuum deposition and photolithography are costly and result in material wastage. Moreover, traditional printing inks require posttreatment, which can damage flexible substrates, or grafting polymers, which involve complex processes to adhere to flexible substrates. Therefore, this study proposes a facile method of fabricating flexible metal patterns with high electrical conductivities and remarkable bonding forces on a diverse range of flexible substrates. Catalytic ink was prepared by using a mixture of epoxy resin, copper nanopowder, and nanosilica. The ink was applied to a variety of flexible substrates, including a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film, polyimide film, and filter paper, using screen printing to establish a bridge layer for subsequent electroless deposition (ELD). The catalytic efficiency was significantly improved by treating the cured ink patterns with air plasma. The fabricated flexible metals exhibited excellent adhesion and desirable electrical conductivity. The sheet resistance of the copper layer on the PET substrate decreased to 9.2 mΩ/□ after 150 min of ELD. The resistance of the flexible metal on the PET substrate increased by only 3.125% after 5000 bending cycles. The flexible metals prepared in this study demonstrated good foldability, and the samples with filter paper and PET substrates failed after 40 and 70 folds, respectively. A pressure sensor with a bottom electrode consisting of a copper interdigital electrode on a PET substrate displayed favorable sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Xuqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Ruisheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai, Yantai 264006, China
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19
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He D, Qian L, Chen X, He B, Li J. Durable cellulose paper by grafting thiol groups and controlling silver deposition for ultrahigh electromagnetic interference shielding. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125972. [PMID: 37499713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding paper with durability and high effectiveness is of significant importance to long-term service for preventing EMI pollution. Herein, we report a practical method for preparing cellulose paper/Ag composite with outstanding durable and ultrahigh EMI shielding performance by electroless silver plating. The silver deposition process, the surface morphology, the silver content and conductivity of the composite can be controlled by varying the amount of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) grafted onto the cellulose fibers and ammonia amount for silver-ammonia complex formation. Moreover, the grafted NAC with thiol groups on cellulose can enhance the adhesion between silver and cellulose paper, meanwhile, NAC as the reducing agent can result in a more complete flower-shaped silver structure and reducing the reflection of electromagnetic waves in silver layer. The composite exhibited excellent conductivity, EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) up to 106 dB and outstanding durability. After 10,000 bending times and 60 abrasion cycles respectively, the electrical resistance of the composite only increased from 0.030 Ω/sq. to 0.041 Ω/sq. and 0.050 Ω/sq., and the EMI SE decreased to 102 dB and 105 dB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoduo He
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liying Qian
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xingyu Chen
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Beihai He
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junrong Li
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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20
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Shang J, Yu W, Wang L, Xie C, Xu H, Wang W, Huang Q, Zheng Z. Metallic Glass-Fiber Fabrics: A New Type of Flexible, Super-Lightweight, and 3D Current Collector for Lithium Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2211748. [PMID: 36994791 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Current collectors are indispensable parts that provide electron transport and mechanical support of electrode materials in a battery. Nowadays, thin metal foils made of Cu and Al are used as current collectors of lithium batteries, but they do not contribute to the storage capacity. Therefore, decreasing the weight of current collectors can directly enhance the energy density of a battery. However, limited by the requirements of mechanical strength, it is difficult to reduce the weight of metal foils any further. Herein, a new type of current collectors made of 3D metallic glass-fiber fabrics (MGFs), which shows advantages of super-lightweight (2.9-3.2 mg cm⁻2 ), outstanding electrochemical stability for cathodes and anodes of lithium-ion and lithium-metal batteries (LMBs), fire resistance, high strength, and flexibility suitable for roll-to-roll electrode fabrication is reported. The gravimetric energy densities of lithium batteries exhibit improvements of 9-18% by only replacing the metal foils with the MGFs. In addition, MGFs are suitable for the fabrication of flexible batteries. A high-energy-density flexible lithium battery with an outstanding figure of merit of flexible battery (fbFOM ) and flexing stability is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Wancheng Yu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Hailong Xu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Wenshuo Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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21
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Hu H, Guo X, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Wang L, Gao Y, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wang W, Rong M, Liu G, Huang Q, Zhu Y, Zheng Z. Elasto-Plastic Design of Ultrathin Interlayer for Enhancing Strain Tolerance of Flexible Electronics. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3921-3930. [PMID: 36762695 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The ability to tolerate large strains during various degrees of deformation is a core issue in the development of flexible electronics. Commonly used strategies nowadays to enhance the strain tolerance of thin film devices focus on the optimization of the device architecture and the increase of bonding at the materials interface. In this paper, we propose a strategy, namely elasto-plastic design of an ultrathin interlayer, to boost the strain tolerance of flexible electronics. We demonstrate that insertion of an ultrathin, stiff (high Young's modulus) and elastic (high yield strain) interlayer between an upper rigid film/device and a soft substrate, regardless of the substrate thickness or the interfacial bonding, can significantly reduce the actual strain applied on the film/device when the substrate is bent. Being independent of existing strategies, the elasto-plastic design strategy offers an effective method to enhance the device flexibility without redesigning the device structure or altering the material interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Hu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyun Guo
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaokang Zhang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziran Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshuo Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Rong
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems (RI-IWEAR), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
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22
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Zheng J, Yan B, Feng L, Zhang Q, Han J, Zhang C, Yang W, Jiang S, He S. Al Foil-Supported Carbon Nanosheets as Self-Supporting Electrodes for High Areal Capacitance Supercapacitors. Molecules 2023; 28:1831. [PMID: 36838820 PMCID: PMC9966967 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-supporting electrode materials with the advantages of a simple operation process and the avoidance of the use any binders are promising candidates for supercapacitors. In this work, carbon-based self-supporting electrode materials with nanosheets grown on Al foil were prepared by combining hydrothermal reaction and the one-step chemical vapor deposition method. The effect of the concentration of the reaction solution on the structures as well as the electrochemical performance of the prepared samples were studied. With the increase in concentration, the nanosheets of the samples became dense and compact. The CNS-120 obtained from a 120 mmol zinc nitrate aqueous solution exhibited excellent electrochemical performance. The CNS-120 displayed the highest areal capacitance of 6.82 mF cm-2 at the current density of 0.01 mA cm-2. Moreover, the CNS-120 exhibited outstanding rate performance with an areal capacitance of 3.07 mF cm-2 at 2 mA cm-2 and good cyclic stability with a capacitance retention of 96.35% after 5000 cycles. Besides, the CNS-120 possessed an energy density of 5.9 μWh cm-2 at a power density of 25 μW cm-2 and still achieved 0.3 μWh cm-2 at 4204 μW cm-2. This work provides simple methods to prepared carbon-based self-supporting materials with low-cost Al foil and demonstrates their potential for realistic application of supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Zheng
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Bing Yan
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Li Feng
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jingquan Han
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Weisen Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecology and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China
| | - Shaohua Jiang
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shuijian He
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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23
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Kong X, Li H, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Gong M, Lin X, Wang D. Direct Writing of Silver Nanowire Patterns with Line Width down to 50 μm and Ultrahigh Conductivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:9906-9915. [PMID: 36762969 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Direct writing of one-dimensional nanomaterials with large aspect ratios into customized, highly conductive, and high-resolution patterns is a challenging task. In this work, thin silver nanowires (AgNWs) with a length-to-diameter ratio of 730 are employed as a representative example to demonstrate a potent direct ink writing (DIW) strategy, in which aqueous inks using a natural polymer, sodium alginate, as the thickening agent can be easily patterned with arbitrary geometries and controllable structural features on a variety of planar substrates. With the aid of a quick spray-and-dry postprinting treatment at room temperature, the electrical conductivity and substrate adhesion of the written AgNWs-patterns improve simultaneously. This simple, environment benign, and low-temperature DIW strategy is effective for depositing AgNWs into patterns that are high-resolution (with line width down to 50 μm), highly conductive (up to 1.26 × 105 S/cm), and mechanically robust and have a large alignment order of NWs, regardless of the substrate's hardness, smoothness, and hydrophilicity. Soft electroadhesion grippers utilizing as-manufactured interdigitated AgNWs-electrodes exhibit an increased shear adhesion force of up to 15.5 kPa at a driving voltage of 3 kV, indicating the strategy is very promising for the decentralized and customized manufacturing of soft electrodes for future soft electronics and robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Kong
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hejian Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Gong
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dongrui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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24
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Dulal M, Afroj S, Ahn J, Cho Y, Carr C, Kim ID, Karim N. Toward Sustainable Wearable Electronic Textiles. ACS NANO 2022; 16:19755-19788. [PMID: 36449447 PMCID: PMC9798870 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Smart wearable electronic textiles (e-textiles) that can detect and differentiate multiple stimuli, while also collecting and storing the diverse array of data signals using highly innovative, multifunctional, and intelligent garments, are of great value for personalized healthcare applications. However, material performance and sustainability, complicated and difficult e-textile fabrication methods, and their limited end-of-life processability are major challenges to wide adoption of e-textiles. In this review, we explore the potential for sustainable materials, manufacturing techniques, and their end-of-the-life processes for developing eco-friendly e-textiles. In addition, we survey the current state-of-the-art for sustainable fibers and electronic materials (i.e., conductors, semiconductors, and dielectrics) to serve as different components in wearable e-textiles and then provide an overview of environmentally friendly digital manufacturing techniques for such textiles which involve less or no water utilization, combined with a reduction in both material waste and energy consumption. Furthermore, standardized parameters for evaluating the sustainability of e-textiles are established, such as life cycle analysis, biodegradability, and recyclability. Finally, we discuss the current development trends, as well as the future research directions for wearable e-textiles which include an integrated product design approach based on the use of eco-friendly materials, the development of sustainable manufacturing processes, and an effective end-of-the-life strategy to manufacture next generation smart and sustainable wearable e-textiles that can be either recycled to value-added products or decomposed in the landfill without any negative environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Dulal
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), University of
the West of England, Frenchay Campus, BristolBS16 1QY, United
Kingdom
| | - Shaila Afroj
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), University of
the West of England, Frenchay Campus, BristolBS16 1QY, United
Kingdom
| | - Jaewan Ahn
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujang Cho
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chris Carr
- Clothworkers’
Centre for Textile Materials Innovation for Healthcare, School of
Design, University of Leeds, LeedsLS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Nazmul Karim
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), University of
the West of England, Frenchay Campus, BristolBS16 1QY, United
Kingdom
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25
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Zhang Y, Luo Y, Wang L, Ng PF, Hu H, Chen F, Huang Q, Zheng Z. Destructive-Treatment-Free Rapid Polymer-Assisted Metal Deposition for Versatile Electronic Textiles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:56193-56202. [PMID: 36475587 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Highly conductive, durable, and breathable metal-coated textiles are critical building block materials for future wearable electronics. In order to enhance the metal adhesion on the textile surface, existing solution-based approaches to preparing these materials require time-consuming presynthesis and/or premodification processes, typically in the order of tens of minutes to hours, on textiles prior to metal plating. Herein, we report a UV-induced rapid polymer-assisted metal deposition (r-PAMD) that offers a destructive-treatment-free process to deposit highly conductive metals on a wide variety of textile materials, including cotton, polyester, nylon, Kevlar, glass fiber, and carbon cloth. In comparison to the state of the arts, r-PAMD significantly shortens the modification time to several minutes and is compatible with the roll-to-roll fabrication manner. Moreover, the deposited metals show outstanding adhesion, which withstands rigorous flexing, abrasion, and machine washing tests. We demonstrate that these metal-coated textiles are suitable for applications in two vastly different fields, being wearable and washable sensors, and lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaokang Zhang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Yufeng Luo
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Pui Fai Ng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99077, China
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26
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Huang J, Cao L, Xue CY, Zhou YZ, Cai YC, Zhao HY, Xing YH, Yu SH. Extremely Soft, Stretchable, and Self-Adhesive Silicone Conductive Elastomer Composites Enabled by a Molecular Lubricating Effect. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8966-8974. [PMID: 36374184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Softness, adhesion, stretchability, and fast recovery from large deformations are essential properties for conductive elastomers that play an important role in the development of high-performance soft electronics. However, it remains an ongoing challenge to obtain conductive elastomers that combine these properties. We have fabricated a super soft (Young's modulus 2.3-12 kPa), highly stretchable (up to 1500% strain), and underwater adhesive silicone conductive elastomer composite (SF-C-PDMS) by incorporating dimethyl silicone oil as a lubricating agent in a cross-linked molecular network. The resultant SF-C-PDMS not only exhibits superior softness but also can readily recover after a strain of 1000%. The initial resistance only decreases by 8% after 100000 cycles of tensile fatigue test (100% strain, 0.5 Hz, 15 mm/s). This multifunctional silicone conductive elastomer composite is obtained in a one-step preparation at room temperature using commercially available materials. Moreover, we illustrate the capabilities of this composite in motion sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yu-Zhe Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yu-Chun Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hao-Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ye-Han Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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27
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Zhang P, Yang S, Xie H, Li Y, Wang F, Gao M, Guo K, Wang R, Lu X. Advanced Three-Dimensional Microelectrode Architecture Design for High-Performance On-Chip Micro-Supercapacitors. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17593-17612. [PMID: 36367555 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of miniaturized electronic devices has greatly stimulated the endless pursuit of high-performance on-chip micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) delivering both high energy and power densities. To this end, an advanced three-dimensional (3D) microelectrode architecture design offers enormous opportunities due to high mass loading of active materials, large specific surface areas, fast ion diffusion kinetics, and short electron transport pathways. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the rational design of 3D architectured microelectrodes including 3D dense microelectrodes, 3D nanoporous microelectrodes, and 3D macroporous microelectrodes. Furthermore, the emergent microfabrication strategies are discussed in detail in terms of charge storage mechanisms and structure-performance correlation for on-chip MSCs. Finally, we conclude with a perspective on future opportunities and challenges in this thriving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Honggui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060 Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Li
- Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Faxing Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Renheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060 Shenzhen, China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
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28
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Chen S, Hu K, Yan S, Ma T, Deng X, Zhang W, Yin J, Jiang X. Dynamic metal patterns of wrinkles based on photosensitive layers. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:2186-2195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Wu D, Yao B, Wu S, Hingorani H, Cui Q, Hua M, Frenkel I, Du Y, Hsiai TK, He X. Room-Temperature Annealing-Free Gold Printing via Anion-Assisted Photochemical Deposition. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201772. [PMID: 35703311 PMCID: PMC9884391 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Metal patterning via additive manufacturing has been phasing-in to broad applications in many medical, electronics, aerospace, and automotive industries. While previous efforts have produced various promising metal-patterning strategies, their complexity and high cost have limited their practical application in rapid production and prototyping. Herein, a one-step gold printing technique based on anion-assisted photochemical deposition (APD), which can directly print highly conductive gold patterns (1.08 × 107 S m-1 ) under ambient conditions without post-annealing treatment, is introduced. Uniquely, the APD uses specific ion effects with projection lithography to pattern Au nanoparticles and simultaneously sinter them into tunable porous gold structures. The significant influence of kosmotropic or chaotropic anions in the precursor ink on tuning the morphologies and conductivities of the printed patterns by employing a series of different ions, including Cl- ions, in the printing process is presented. Additionally, the resistance stabilities and the electrochemical properties of the APD-printed gold patterns are carefully investigated. The high conductivity and excellent conformability of the printed Au electrodes are demonstrated with reliable performance in electrophysiological signal delivery and acquisition for biomedical applications. This work exploits the potential of photochemical-deposition-based metal patterning in flexible electronic manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Bowen Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Shuwang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hardik Hingorani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Qingyu Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mutian Hua
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Imri Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yingjie Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Tzung K Hsiai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ximin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Lei L, Ma B, Xu C, Liu H. Emerging tumor-on-chips with electrochemical biosensors. Trends Analyt Chem 2022; 153:116640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Shankar U, Oberoi D, Bandyopadhyay A. A review on the alternative of indium tin oxide coated glass substrate in flexible and bendable organic optoelectronic device. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uday Shankar
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering IIT Roorkee Saharanpur Campus Saharanpur India
- Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering Jeonbuk National University Jeonju South Korea
| | - Deepa Oberoi
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering IIT Roorkee Saharanpur Campus Saharanpur India
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India
| | - Anasuya Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering IIT Roorkee Saharanpur Campus Saharanpur India
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32
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Qian L, He D, Cao X, Huang J, Li J. Robust conductive polyester fabric with enhanced multi-layer silver deposition for textile electrodes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Electrochemical Redox In-Situ Welding of Silver Nanowire Films with High Transparency and Conductivity. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10070092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks with high transparency and conductivity are crucial to developing transparent conductive films (TCFs) for flexible optoelectronic devices. However, AgNW-based TCFs still suffer from the high contact resistance of AgNW junctions with both the in-plane and out-of-plane charge transport barrier. Herein, we report a rapid and green electrochemical redox strategy to in-situ weld AgNW networks for the enhanced conductivity and mechanical durability of TCFs with constant transparency. The welded TCFs show a marked decrease of the sheet resistance (reduced to 45.5% of initial values on average) with high transmittance of 97.02% at 550 nm (deducting the background of substrates). The electrochemical welding treatment enables the removal of the residual polyvinylpyrrolidone layer and the in-situ formation of Ag solder in the oxidation and reduction processes, respectively. Furthermore, local conductivity studies confirm the improvement of both the in-plane and the out-of-plane charge transport by conductive atomic force microscopy. This proposed electrochemical redox method provides new insights on the welding of AgNW-based TCFs with high transparency and low resistance for the development of next-generation flexible optoelectronic devices. Furthermore, such conductive films based on the interconnected AgNW networks can be acted as an ideal supporter to construct heterogeneous structures with other functional materials for wide applications in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis.
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Recent Trends in Carbon Nanotube Electrodes for Flexible Supercapacitors: A Review of Smart Energy Storage Device Assembly and Performance. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10060223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In order to upgrade existing electronic technology, we need simultaneously to advance power supply devices to match emerging requirements. Owing to the rapidly growing wearable and portable electronics markets, the demand to develop flexible energy storage devices is among the top priorities for humankind. Flexible supercapacitors (FSCs) have attracted tremendous attention, owing to their unrivaled electrochemical performances, long cyclability and mechanical flexibility. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), long recognized for their mechanical toughness, with an elastic strain limit of up to 20%, are regarded as potential candidates for FSC electrodes. Along with excellent mechanical properties, high electrical conductivity, and large surface area, their assemblage adaptability from one-dimensional fibers to two-dimensional films to three-dimensional sponges makes CNTs attractive. In this review, we have summarized various assemblies of CNT structures, and their involvement in various device configurations of FSCs. Furthermore, to present a clear scenario of recent developments, we discuss the electrochemical performance of fabricated flexible devices of different CNT structures and their composites, including additional properties such as compressibility and stretchability. Additionally, the drawbacks and benefits of the study and further potential scopes are distinctly emphasized for future researchers.
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35
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Stress concentration-relocating interposer in electronic textile packaging using thermoplastic elastic polyurethane film with via holes for bearing textile stretch. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9269. [PMID: 35660783 PMCID: PMC9166807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic textile (e-textile) devices require mechanically reliable packaging that can bear up to 30% stretch induced by textile crimp stretch, because the boundary between the rigid electronic components and the soft fabric circuit in the e-textile is prone to rupture due to mismatch of their mechanical properties. Here, we describe a thin stress-concentration-relocating interposer that can sustain a textile stretch of up to 36%, which is greater than the 16% stretch of conventional packaging. The stress-concentration-relocating interposer consists of thin soft thermoplastic polyurethane film with soft via holes and is inserted between the electronic components and fabric circuit in order to move the area of stress concentration from the wiring area of the fabric circuit to the film. A finite element method (FEM) simulation showed that when the fabric is stretched by 30%, the boundary between the electrical components and the insulation layer is subjected to 90% strain and 2.5 MPa stress, whereas, at 30% strain, the boundary between the devices and the wiring is subjected to only 1.5 MPa stress, indicating that the concentration of stress in the wiring is reduced. Furthermore, it is shown that an optimal interposer structure that can bear a 30% stretch needs insulating polyurethane film in excess of 100 μm thick. Our thin soft interposer structure will enable LEDs and MEMS sensors to withstand stretching in several types of fabric.
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36
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Shen J, Du S, Xu Z, Gan T, Handschuh-Wang S, Zhang X. Anti-Freezing, Non-Drying, Localized Stiffening, and Shape-Morphing Organohydrogels. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060331. [PMID: 35735675 PMCID: PMC9222875 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial shape-morphing hydrogels are emerging toward various applications, spanning from electronic skins to healthcare. However, the low freezing and drying tolerance of hydrogels hinder their practical applications in challenging environments, such as subzero temperatures and arid conditions. Herein, we report on a shape-morphing system of tough organohydrogels enabled by the spatially encoded rigid structures and its applications in conformal packaging of “island–bridge” stretchable electronics. To validate this method, programmable shape morphing of Fe (III) ion-stiffened Ca-alginate/polyacrylamide (PAAm) tough organohydrogels down to −50 °C, with long-term preservation of their 3D shapes at arid or even vacuum conditions, was successfully demonstrated, respectively. To further illustrate the potency of this approach, the as-made organohydrogels were employed as a material for the conformal packaging of non-stretchable rigid electronic components and highly stretchable liquid metal (galinstan) conductors, forming a so-called “island–bridge” stretchable circuit. The conformal packaging well addresses the mechanical mismatch between components with different elastic moduli. As such, the as-made stretchable shape-morphing device exhibits a remarkably high mechanical durability that can withstand strains as high as 1000% and possesses long-term stability required for applications under challenging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Shen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (S.D.); (Z.X.); (T.G.); (S.H.-W.)
| | - Shutong Du
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (S.D.); (Z.X.); (T.G.); (S.H.-W.)
| | - Ziyao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (S.D.); (Z.X.); (T.G.); (S.H.-W.)
| | - Tiansheng Gan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (S.D.); (Z.X.); (T.G.); (S.H.-W.)
| | - Stephan Handschuh-Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (S.D.); (Z.X.); (T.G.); (S.H.-W.)
| | - Xueli Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (S.D.); (Z.X.); (T.G.); (S.H.-W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-755-26557377
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Zhang J, Xie Y, Xu H, Zhou T. Efficient and Simple Fabrication of High-Strength and High-Conductivity Metallization Patterns on Flexible Polymer Films. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Haoran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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38
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Nakajima T, Fujio Y, Sugahara T, Tsuchiya T. Flexible Ceramic Film Sensors for Free-Form Devices. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:1996. [PMID: 35271141 PMCID: PMC8914772 DOI: 10.3390/s22051996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent technological innovations, such as material printing techniques and surface functionalization, have significantly accelerated the development of new free-form sensors for next-generation flexible, wearable, and three-dimensional electronic devices. Ceramic film sensors, in particular, are in high demand for the production of reliable flexible devices. Various ceramic films can now be formed on plastic substrates through the development of low temperature fabrication processes for ceramic films, such as photocrystallization and transferring methods. Among flexible sensors, strain sensors for precise motion detection and photodetectors for biomonitoring have seen the most research development, but other fundamental sensors for temperature and humidity have also begun to grow. Recently, flexible gas and electrochemical sensors have attracted a lot of attention from a new real-time monitoring application that uses human breath and perspiration to accurately diagnose presymptomatic states. The development of a low-temperature fabrication process of ceramic film sensors and related components will complete the chemically stable and reliable free-form sensing devices by satisfying the demands that can only be addressed by flexible metal and organic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Nakajima
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan;
| | - Yuki Fujio
- Sensing System Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Saga 841-0052, Japan;
| | - Tohru Sugahara
- Department of Energy and Environmental Materials, SANKEN, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan;
| | - Tetsuo Tsuchiya
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan;
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39
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Du P, Zhang J, Wang J, Cai Z, Ge F. A washable and breathable metallized fabric designed by silane bionic. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Manousiouthakis E, Park J, Hardy JG, Lee JY, Schmidt CE. Towards the translation of electroconductive organic materials for regeneration of neural tissues. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:22-42. [PMID: 34339871 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based conductive and electroactive materials (e.g., derivatives of graphene, fullerenes, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline) have been studied since the 1970s for use in a broad range of applications. These materials have electrical properties comparable to those of commonly used metals, while providing other benefits such as flexibility in processing and modification with biologics (e.g., cells, biomolecules), to yield electroactive materials with biomimetic mechanical and chemical properties. In this review, we focus on the uses of these electroconductive materials in the context of the central and peripheral nervous system, specifically recent studies in the peripheral nerve, spinal cord, brain, eye, and ear. We also highlight in vivo studies and clinical trials, as well as a snapshot of emerging classes of electroconductive materials (e.g., biodegradable materials). We believe such specialized electrically conductive biomaterials will clinically impact the field of tissue regeneration in the foreseeable future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review addresses the use of conductive and electroactive materials for neural tissue regeneration, which is of significant interest to a broad readership, and of particular relevance to the growing community of scientists, engineers and clinicians in academia and industry who develop novel medical devices for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The review covers the materials that may be employed (primarily focusing on derivatives of fullerenes, graphene and conjugated polymers) and techniques used to analyze materials composed thereof, followed by sections on the application of these materials to nervous tissues (i.e., peripheral nerve, spinal cord, brain, optical, and auditory tissues) throughout the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleana Manousiouthakis
- Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, United States
| | - Junggeon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - John G Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom; Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom.
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Christine E Schmidt
- Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, United States.
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41
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Zhang H, He R, Niu Y, Han F, Li J, Zhang X, Xu F. Graphene-enabled wearable sensors for healthcare monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113777. [PMID: 34781177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sensors in healthcare monitoring have recently found widespread applications in biomedical fields for their non- or minimal-invasive, user-friendly and easy-accessible features. Sensing materials is one of the major challenges to achieve these superiorities of wearable sensors for healthcare monitoring, while graphene-based materials with many favorable properties have shown great efficiency in sensing various biochemical and biophysical signals. In this paper, we review state-of-the-art advances in the development and modification of graphene-based materials (i.e., graphene, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide) for fabricating advanced wearable sensors with 1D (fibers), 2D (films) and 3D (foams/aerogels/hydrogels) macroscopic structures. We summarize the structural design guidelines, sensing mechanisms, applications and evolution of the graphene-based materials as wearable sensors for healthcare monitoring of biophysical signals (e.g., mechanical, thermal and electrophysiological signals) and biochemical signals from various body fluids and exhaled gases. Finally, existing challenges and future prospects are presented in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Rongyan He
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yan Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Fei Han
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Xiongwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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42
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Mathur A, Fan H, Maheshwari V. Soft Polymer-Organolead Halide Perovskite Films for Highly Stretchable and Durable Photodetectors with Pt-Au Nanochain-Based Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:58956-58965. [PMID: 34851102 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The rigid and brittle nature of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) polycrystalline films limits their application in stretchable devices due to rapid deterioration in performance on cycling. By incorporation of polymer chains in the MAPbI3 films, a strategy to alter the mechanical modulus and the viscoelastic nature of the films has been developed. Combining this with flexible nanochain electrodes, highly stretchable and stable perovskite devices have been fabricated. The resultant polymer-MAPbI3 photodetector exhibits ultralow dark currents (∼10-11 A) and high light switching ratios (∼103) and maintains 75% of performance after 30 days. The viscoelastic nature and lower modulus of the polymer improve the energy dissipation in the polymer-MAPbI3 devices; as a result, they maintain 52% of the device performance after 10000 stretching cycles at 50% strain. The difference in the mechanical behavior is clearly observed in the failure mode of the two films. While rapid catastrophic cracking is observed in MAPbI3 films, the intensity and size of such crack formation are highly limited in polymer-MAPbI3 films, which prevent their failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hua Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Vivek Maheshwari
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Guo R, Li H, Wang H, Zhao X, Yu H, Ye Q. Polydimethylsiloxane-Assisted Catalytic Printing for Highly Conductive, Adhesive, and Precise Metal Patterns Enabled on Paper and Textiles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56597-56606. [PMID: 34784187 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Paper and textile are two ideal carriers in wearable and printed electronics because of their flexibility and low price. However, the porous and fibrous structures restrain their use in printed electronics because the capillary effect results in ink diffusion. Especially, conventional metal ink needs to be post-treated at high temperatures (>150 °C), which is not compatible with paper and textile. To address problems involved in ink diffusion and avoid high-temperature treatment, herein, a new strategy is proposed: screen-printing of high-viscosity catalytic inks combined with electroless deposition of metal layers on paper and textile substrates. The ink consists of Ag nanoparticles, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) prepolymer, and a curing agent. PDMS as a viscoelastic matrix of catalysts plays key roles in limiting ink diffusion, enhancing interfacial adhesion between the substrate and metal layer, keeping metal flexible. As a demonstration, metal Cu and Ni are printed, respectively. The printed precision (diffusion < 1% on filter paper) can be controlled by adjusting the Ag content in the PDMS matrix; interfacial adhesion can be enhanced by ink coating on substrate microfibers and metal embedding into the PDMS matrix. In addition, Cu on paper shows extremely low sheet resistance (0.29 mΩ/□), and Cu on nylon shows outstanding foldability with a resistance of less than five times of initial resistance during 5000 folding cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haodong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710072, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710072, China
| | - Xiangyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710072, China
| | - Hong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710072, China
| | - Qian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710072, China
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Shi J, Zhang J, Yang L, Qu M, Qi DC, Zhang KHL. Wide Bandgap Oxide Semiconductors: from Materials Physics to Optoelectronic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006230. [PMID: 33797084 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wide bandgap oxide semiconductors constitute a unique class of materials that combine properties of electrical conductivity and optical transparency. They are being widely used as key materials in optoelectronic device applications, including flat-panel displays, solar cells, OLED, and emerging flexible and transparent electronics. In this article, an up-to-date review on both the fundamental understanding of materials physics of oxide semiconductors, and recent research progress on design of new materials and high-performing thin film transistor (TFT) devices in the context of fundamental understanding is presented. In particular, an in depth overview is first provided on current understanding of the electronic structures, defect and doping chemistry, optical and transport properties of oxide semiconductors, which provide essential guiding principles for new material design and device optimization. With these principles, recent advances in design of p-type oxide semiconductors, new approaches for achieving cost-effective transparent (flexible) electrodes, and the creation of high mobility 2D electron gas (2DEG) at oxide surfaces and interfaces with a wealth of fascinating physical properties of great potential for novel device design are then reviewed. Finally, recent progress and perspective of oxide TFT based on new oxide semiconductors, 2DEG, and low-temperature solution processed oxide semiconductor for flexible electronics will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jueli Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jiaye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Mei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Dong-Chen Qi
- Centre for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - Kelvin H L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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45
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Liu H, Zhong X, He X, Li Y, Zhou N, Ma Z, Zhu D, Ji H. Stretchable Conductive Fabric Enabled By Surface Functionalization of Commercial Knitted Cloth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55656-55665. [PMID: 34758625 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Textile-based stretchable electronic devices are one of the best candidates for future wearable applications, as they can simultaneously provide high compliance and wearing comfort to the human body. Stretchable conductive textile is the fundamental building block for constructing high-performance textile-based stretchable electronic devices. Here, we report a simple strategy for the fabrication of stretchable conductive fabric using commercial knitted cloth as a substrate. Briefly, we coated the fibers of the fabric with a thin layer of poly(styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene) (SBS) by dip-coating. Then, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were loaded on the fabric by sequential absorption and in situ reduction. After loading AgNPs, the conductivity of the fabric could be as high as ∼800 S/m, while its maximal strain at break was higher than 540%. Meanwhile, such fabric also possesses excellent permeability, robust endurance to repeated stretching, long-time washing, and mechanical rubbing or tearing. We further approve that the fabric is less cytotoxic to mammalian skin and antibacterial to microbial, making it safe for on-skin applications. With these multifarious advantages, the fabric developed here is promising for on-skin wearable applications. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate its use as an electrode for collecting electrocardiograph signals and electrothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials &Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road No. 381, Guangzhou 510640, Tianhe District, P. R. China
| | - Xianmei Zhong
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, No. 319, Section 3, Zhongshan Road, Luzhou 646000, Jiangyang District, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xin He
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials &Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road No. 381, Guangzhou 510640, Tianhe District, P. R. China
| | - Yushan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials &Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road No. 381, Guangzhou 510640, Tianhe District, P. R. China
| | - Ningjing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials &Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road No. 381, Guangzhou 510640, Tianhe District, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials &Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road No. 381, Guangzhou 510640, Tianhe District, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Lab, Research Center of Intelligent Sensing, South China University of Technology, Wenyi West Road No. 1818, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Dezhi Zhu
- School of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road No. 381, Guangzhou 510640, Tianhe District, P. R. China
| | - Huijiao Ji
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, No. 319, Section 3, Zhongshan Road, Luzhou 646000, Jiangyang District, Sichuan, P. R. China
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Facile preparation of superhydrophobic conductive textiles and the application of real-time sensor of joint motion sensor. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Performance of Symmetric Polypyrrole-MnO 2 Electrode and Polymer Gel Electrolyte. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203577. [PMID: 34685336 PMCID: PMC8539299 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the nanostructured polypyrrole-coated MnO2 nanofibers growth on carbon cloth (PPy-MnO2-CC) to serve as the electrodes used in conjunction with a quasi-ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte (urea-LiClO4-PVA) for solid-state symmetric supercapacitors (SSCs). The resultant PPy-MnO2-CC solid-state SSCs exhibited a high specific capacitance of 270 F/g at 1.0 A/g in a stable and wide potential window of 2.1 V with a high energy/power density (165.3 Wh/kg at 1.0 kW/kg and 21.0 kW/kg at 86.4 Wh/kg) along with great cycling stability (capacitance retention of 92.1% retention after 3000 cycles) and rate capability (141 F/g at 20 A/g), exceeding most of the previously reported SSCs. The outstanding performance of the studied 2.1 V PPy-MnO2-CC flexible SSCs could be attributed to the nanostructured PPy-coated MnO2 composite electrode and the urea-LiClO4-PVA polymer gel electrolyte design. In addition, the PPy-MnO2-CC solid-state SSCs could effectively retain their electrochemical performance at various bending angles, demonstrating their huge potential as power sources for flexible and lightweight electronic devices. This work offers an easy way to design and achieve light weight and high-performance SSCs with enhanced energy/power density.
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Liu Q, Tian B, Liang J, Wu W. Recent advances in printed flexible heaters for portable and wearable thermal management. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:1634-1656. [PMID: 34846496 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01950j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flexible resistive heaters (FRHs) with high heating performance, large-area thermal homogeneity, and excellent thermal stability are very desirable in modern life, owing to their tremendous potential for portable and wearable thermal management applications, such as body thermotherapy, on-demand drug delivery, and artificial intelligence. Printed electronic (PE) technologies, as emerging methods combining conventional printing techniques with solution-processable functional ink have been proposed to be promising strategies for the cost-effective, large-scale, and high-throughput fabrication of printed FRHs. This review summarizes recent progress in the main components of FRHs, including conductive materials and flexible or stretchable substrates, focusing on the formulation of conductive ink systems for making printed FRHs by a variety of PE technologies including screen printing, inkjet printing, roll-to-roll (R2R) printing and three-dimensional (3D) printing. Various challenges facing the commercialization of printed FRHs and improved methods for portable and wearable thermal management applications have been discussed in detail to overcome these problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Liu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
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Yang K, Zhao S, Xu J, Zhu Z, Wang Z. Using Transparent Adhesive Tape as New Substrate for Integrated Flexible Enzymatic Sensor: Good Adhesion and Better Printability. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Shunan Zhao
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Zhuoya Zhu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
| | - Zhifei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
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Multi-Point Flexible Temperature Sensor Array and Thermoelectric Generator Made from Copper-Coated Textiles. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21113742. [PMID: 34071250 PMCID: PMC8198943 DOI: 10.3390/s21113742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The integration of electrical functionality into flexible textile structures requires the development of new concepts for flexible conductive material. Conductive and flexible thin films can be generated on non-conductive textile materials by electroless metal deposition. By electroless copper deposition on lyocell-type cellulose fabrics, thin conductive layers with a thickness of approximately 260 nm were prepared. The total copper content of a textile fabric was analyzed to be 147 mg per g of fabric, so that the textile character of the material remains unchanged, which includes, for example, the flexibility and bendability. The flexible material could be used to manufacture a thermoelectric sensor array and generator. This approach enables the formation of a sensor textile with a large number of individual sensors and, at the same time, a reduction in the number of electrical connections, since the conductive textile serves as a common conductive line for all sensors. In combination with aluminum, thermoelectric coefficients of 3–4 µV/K were obtained, which are comparable with copper/aluminum foil and bulk material. Thermoelectric generators, consisting of six junctions using the same material combinations, led to electric output voltages of 0.4 mV for both setups at a temperature difference of 71 K. The results demonstrate the potential of electroless deposition for the production of thin-film-coated flexible textiles, and represent a key technology to achieve the direct integration of electrical sensors and conductors in non-conductive material.
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