Flexibility and lability of a phenyl ligand in hetero-organometallic 3d metal-Sn(iv) compounds and their catalytic activity in Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone

Organotin(IV) compounds catalyzed cyanide-free synthesis of α-iminonitriles

Two polydentate pro-ligands (H2L1 and H3L2) have been reacted with different organotin(IV) halides such as Ph2SnCl2, (t-Bu)2SnCl2, and (n-Bu)2SnCl2 to synthesize six organotin(IV) compounds, [R2Sn(L1)] (R = Ph (1), t-Bu (2), n-Bu (3)) and [R2Sn(HL2)] (R = Ph (4), t-Bu (5), n-Bu (6)), respectively. All organotin(IV) compounds were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H, 13C{1H}, and 119Sn{1H} NMR spectroscopy, HR-MS spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that all compounds contain a penta-coordinated tin atom except 1. Compound 1 is hexacoordinated. All organotin compounds show catalytic efficiency towards the synthesis of α-iminonitriles, with a maximum yield of up to 88%. The α-iminonitriles are synthesized from trans-β-nitrostyrene derivatives and 2-aminopyridine derivatives without using any cyanating agent.

Catalytic and Stoichiometric Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Mediated by Nonheme Peroxo-Diiron(III), Acylperoxo, and Iodosylbenzene Iron(III) Intermediates

In this paper we describe a detailed mechanistic studies on the [Fe^II(PBO)₂(CF₃SO₃)₂] (1), [Fe^II(PBT)₂(CF₃SO₃)₂] (2), and [Fe^II(PBI)₃](CF₃SO₃)₂ (3)-catalyzed (PBO = 2-(2′-pyridyl)benzoxazole, PBT = 2-(2′-pyridyl)benzthiazole, PBI = 2-(2′-pyridyl)benzimidazole) Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of cycloketones by dioxygen with cooxidation of aldehydes and peroxycarboxylic acids, including the kinetics on the reactivity of (μ-1,2-peroxo)diiron(III), acylperoxo- and iodosylbenzene-iron(III) species as key intermediates.

A Mixed Valence CoIICoIII2 Field-Supported Single Molecule Magnet: Solvent-Dependent Structural Variation

One-pot reaction of the Schiff base N,N’-ethylene bis(salicylaldimine) (H₂L), CoCl₂.6H₂O, and [Ph₂SnCl₂] in acetone produces the mixed valence Co^IICo^III₂ compound [Co^IICo^III₂(μ-L)₂(Ph)₂(μ-Cl)₂]·(CH₃)₂CO·H₂O (1). Our recent study already revealed that the same reaction mixtures in methanol or ethanol produced a heterometallic Sn^IVCo^III (2) or monometallic Co^III complex (3), respectively. Comparison of these organometallic systems shows that the 2,1-intermetallic Ph shift occurs in any of those solvents, but their relevant structural features (mononuclear, dinuclear-heterometallic, and trinuclear mixed valence) are solvent dependent. Geometrical structural rotation is also discussed among the related organometallic Co^IICo^III₂ systems. The AC magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that 1 is a single molecule magnet (SMM), exhibiting a field-induced slow magnetic relaxation with two modes. The relaxation time for the low-frequency channel is as slow as τ~0.6 s at T = 2.0 K and B_DC = 1.0 T.

Cobalt-Tetraamide-Phthalocyanine Immobilized on Fe3O4/Chitosan Microspheres as an Efficient Catalyst for Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation

Cobalt-Tetraamide-Phthalocyanine (CoTaPc) immobilized onto magnetic Fe₃O₄ chitosan microspheres (Fe₃O₄/CTO) was synthesized via a simple immersion method, which is an efficient catalyst for the oxidation of cyclic ketones to lactones with O₂/benzaldehyde as the oxidant. The CoTaPc-Fe₃O₄/CTO catalyst was applied for the first time in the Baeyer-Villiger (B-V) oxidation reaction. Characterization results obtained from X-ray diffraction, UV-vis, Fourier transform infrared, and scanning electron microscopy showed that the combination of CoTaPc and magnetic Fe₃O₄/CTO microspheres was achieved. The catalyst could be easily separated from the reaction system with an external magnet and reused several times without the remarkable loss of activity. In addition, a possible radical mechanism for the B-V oxidation in this catalytic system is proposed and verified by controlled experiments.

Syntheses, Structures, and Catalytic Hydrocarbon Oxidation Properties of N-Heterocycle-Sulfonated Schiff Base Copper(II) Complexes

Reaction of the o-[(o-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]benzenesulfonic acid (H2L) (1) with CuCl2·2H2O in the presence of pyridine (py) leads to [Cu(L)(py)(EtOH)] (2) which, upon further reaction with 2,2’-bipyridine (bipy), pyrazine (pyr), or piperazine (pip), forms [Cu(L)(bipy)]·MeOH (3), [Cu2(L)2(μ-pyr)(MeOH)2] (4), or [Cu2(L)2(μ-pip)(MeOH)2] (5), respectively. The Schiff base (1) and the metal complexes (2–5) are stabilized by a number of non-covalent interactions to form interesting H-bonded multidimensional polymeric networks (except 3), such as zigzag 1D chain (in 1), linear 1D chain (in 2), hacksaw double chain 1D (in 4) and 2D motifs (in 5). These copper(II) complexes (2–5) catalyze the peroxidative oxidation of cyclic hydrocarbons (cyclooctane, cyclohexane, and cyclohexene) to the corresponding products (alcohol and ketone from alkane; alcohols, ketone, and epoxide from alkene), under mild conditions. For the oxidation of cyclooctane with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant, used as a model reaction, the best yields were generally achieved for complex 3 in the absence of any promoter (20%) or in the presence of py or HNO3 (26% or 30%, respectively), whereas 2 displayed the highest catalytic activity in the presence of HNO3 (35%). While the catalytic reactions were significantly faster with py, the best product yields were achieved with the acidic additive.

Packing polymorphism in 3-amino-2-pyrazinecarboxylate based tin(ii) complexes and their catalytic activity towards cyanosilylation of aldehydes

3-Amino-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid is used to synthesize two new mononuclear interconvertible packing polymorphs of tin(ii) which act as heterogeneous catalysts for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes with trimethylsilyl cyanide.