1
|
Martínez-Bailén M, Matassini C, Clemente F, Faggi C, Goti A, Cardona F. Stereoselective Synthesis of Heavily Hydroxylated Azepane Iminosugars via Osmium-Catalyzed Tethered Aminohydroxylation. Org Lett 2023; 25:5833-5837. [PMID: 37515782 PMCID: PMC10425973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel stereoselective synthetic approach to pentahydroxyazepane iminosugars is described. The strategy relies on a key osmium-catalyzed aminohydroxylation reaction of allylic alcohols obtained via addition of vinylmagnesium bromide to a d-mannose-derived aldehyde, which forms the new C-N bond with complete regio- and stereocontrol according to the tethering approach. Subsequent intramolecular reductive amination afforded the desired azepanes. This method represents the first application of the osmium-catalyzed tethered aminohydroxylation reaction to the synthesis of iminosugars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Matassini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Francesca Clemente
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Cristina Faggi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Andrea Goti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardona
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Clemente F, Martínez-Bailén M, Matassini C, Morrone A, Falliano S, Caciotti A, Paoli P, Goti A, Cardona F. Synthesis of a New β-Galactosidase Inhibitor Displaying Pharmacological Chaperone Properties for GM1 Gangliosidosis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134008. [PMID: 35807262 PMCID: PMC9268699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare lysosomal disease caused by the deficiency of the enzyme β-galactosidase (β-Gal; GLB1; E.C. 3.2.1.23), responsible for the hydrolysis of terminal β-galactosyl residues from GM1 ganglioside, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans, such as keratan-sulfate. With the aim of identifying new pharmacological chaperones for GM1 gangliosidosis, the synthesis of five new trihydroxypiperidine iminosugars is reported in this work. The target compounds feature a pentyl alkyl chain in different positions of the piperidine ring and different absolute configurations of the alkyl chain at C-2 and the hydroxy group at C-3. The organometallic addition of a Grignard reagent onto a carbohydrate-derived nitrone in the presence or absence of a suitable Lewis Acid was exploited, providing structural diversity at C-2, followed by the ring-closure reductive amination step. An oxidation-reduction process allowed access to a different configuration at C-3. The N-pentyl trihydroxypiperidine iminosugar was also synthesized for the purpose of comparison. The biological evaluation of the newly synthesized compounds was performed on leucocyte extracts from healthy donors and identified two suitable β-Gal inhibitors, namely compounds 10 and 12. Among these, compound 12 showed chaperoning properties since it enhanced β-Gal activity by 40% when tested on GM1 patients bearing the p.Ile51Asn/p.Arg201His mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Clemente
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS), Università di Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.M.-B.); (C.M.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (F.C.); Tel.: +39-055-4573453 (F.C.); +39-055-4573504 (F.C.)
| | - Macarena Martínez-Bailén
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS), Università di Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.M.-B.); (C.M.); (A.G.)
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC—Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Camilla Matassini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS), Università di Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.M.-B.); (C.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Amelia Morrone
- Department of Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini n. 24, 50139 Firenze, Italy;
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Neurometabolic Diseases, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Viale Pieraccini n. 24, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (S.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Silvia Falliano
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Neurometabolic Diseases, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Viale Pieraccini n. 24, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (S.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Anna Caciotti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Neurometabolic Diseases, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Viale Pieraccini n. 24, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (S.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche “Mario Serio” (DSBSC), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Andrea Goti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS), Università di Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.M.-B.); (C.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Francesca Cardona
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS), Università di Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.M.-B.); (C.M.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (F.C.); Tel.: +39-055-4573453 (F.C.); +39-055-4573504 (F.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Clemente F, Matassini C, Giachetti S, Goti A, Morrone A, Martínez-Bailén M, Orta S, Merino P, Cardona F. Piperidine Azasugars Bearing Lipophilic Chains: Stereoselective Synthesis and Biological Activity as Inhibitors of Glucocerebrosidase (GCase). J Org Chem 2021; 86:12745-12761. [PMID: 34469155 PMCID: PMC8453635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We report a straightforward
synthetic strategy for the preparation
of trihydroxypiperidine azasugars decorated with lipophilic chains
at both the nitrogen and the adjacent carbon as potential inhibitors
of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), which is involved
in Gaucher disease. The procedure relies on the preparation of C-erythrosyl N-alkylated nitrones 10 through reaction of aldehyde 8 and primary
amines 13 followed by oxidation of the imines formed in situ with the methyltrioxorhenium catalyst and urea hydrogen
peroxide. The addition of octylMgBr to nitrone 10e provided
access to both epimeric hydroxylamines 21 and 22 with opposite configuration at the newly created stereocenter in
a stereodivergent and completely stereoselective way, depending on
the absence or presence of BF3·Et2O. Final
reductive amination and acetonide deprotection provided compounds 14 and 15 from low-cost d-mannose in
remarkable 43 and 32% overall yields, respectively, over eight steps.
The C-2 R-configured bis-alkylated trihydroxypiperidine 15 was the best ligand for GCase (IC50 = 15 μM),
in agreement with MD simulations that allowed us to identify the chair
conformation corresponding to the best binding affinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Clemente
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS), University of Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Camilla Matassini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS), University of Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Sara Giachetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS), University of Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Andrea Goti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS), University of Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Amelia Morrone
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini n. 24, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Macarena Martínez-Bailén
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS), University of Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, c/ Prof. García González 1, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Sara Orta
- Unidad de Glicobiología, Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pedro Merino
- Unidad de Glicobiología, Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francesca Cardona
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" (DICUS), University of Firenze, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pratesi D, Sodini A, Matassini C, Cardona F, Angeli A, Carta F, Ferraroni M, Supuran CT, Goti A. Synthesis of Azasugar–Sulfonamide conjugates and their Evaluation as Inhibitors of Carbonic Anhydrases: the Azasugar Approach to Selectivity. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debora Pratesi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” Università degli Studi di Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Andrea Sodini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” Università degli Studi di Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Camilla Matassini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” Università degli Studi di Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
- associated with LENS Via N. Carrara 1 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Francesca Cardona
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” Università degli Studi di Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
- associated with LENS Via N. Carrara 1 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
- associated with Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di Ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS) 70100 Bari Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche Università degli Studi di Firenze Via U. Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche Università degli Studi di Firenze Via U. Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Marta Ferraroni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” Università degli Studi di Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche Università degli Studi di Firenze Via U. Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Andrea Goti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” Università degli Studi di Firenze Via della Lastruccia 3–13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
- associated with LENS Via N. Carrara 1 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
- associated with Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di Ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS) 70100 Bari Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mirabella S, Petrucci G, Faggi C, Matassini C, Cardona F, Goti A. Allyl Cyanate/Isocyanate Rearrangement in Glycals: Stereoselective Synthesis of 1-Amino and Diamino Sugar Derivatives. Org Lett 2020; 22:9041-9046. [PMID: 33147974 PMCID: PMC7735751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The [3,3]-sigmatropic allyl cyanate/isocyanate rearrangement of glycals in the presence of O-, N-, and C-nucleophiles afforded β-N-glucosyl and galactosyl carbamates, ureas, and amides in good yields. The unsaturated products were elaborated to N-glycosides by dihydroxylation, to 1,3-diaminosugars by tethered aminohydroxylation, or to 1,2-diaminosugars by iteration of the sigmatropic rearrangement. This metal-free methodology represents an excellent and general method for the stereoselective synthesis of N-glycosides and diamino sugars with complete transmission of stereochemical information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mirabella
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Giulia Petrucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Cristina Faggi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Camilla Matassini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardona
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Andrea Goti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Synthesis of " All-Cis" Trihydroxypiperidines from a Carbohydrate-Derived Ketone: Hints for the Design of New β-Gal and GCase Inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194526. [PMID: 33023214 PMCID: PMC7582770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological chaperones (PCs) are small compounds able to rescue the activity of mutated lysosomal enzymes when used at subinhibitory concentrations. Nitrogen-containing glycomimetics such as aza- or iminosugars are known to behave as PCs for lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). As part of our research into lysosomal sphingolipidoses inhibitors and looking in particular for new β-galactosidase inhibitors, we report the synthesis of a series of alkylated azasugars with a relative “all-cis” configuration at the hydroxy/amine-substituted stereocenters. The novel compounds were synthesized from a common carbohydrate-derived piperidinone intermediate 8, through reductive amination or alkylation of the derived alcohol. In addition, the reaction of ketone 8 with several lithium acetylides allowed the stereoselective synthesis of new azasugars alkylated at C-3. The activity of the new compounds towards lysosomal β-galactosidase was negligible, showing that the presence of an alkyl chain in this position is detrimental to inhibitory activity. Interestingly, 9, 10, and 12 behave as good inhibitors of lysosomal β-glucosidase (GCase) (IC50 = 12, 6.4, and 60 µM, respectively). When tested on cell lines bearing the Gaucher mutation, they did not impart any enzyme rescue. However, altogether, the data included in this work give interesting hints for the design of novel inhibitors.
Collapse
|
7
|
Clemente F, Matassini C, Cardona F. Reductive Amination Routes in the Synthesis of Piperidine IminoSugars. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Clemente
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”; Università di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Camilla Matassini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”; Università di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Francesca Cardona
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”; Università di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
- Associated with Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS); Università di Bari; 70125 Bari Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Clemente F, Matassini C, Faggi C, Giachetti S, Cresti C, Morrone A, Paoli P, Goti A, Martínez-Bailén M, Cardona F. Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity modulation by 2-alkyl trihydroxypiperidines: Inhibition and pharmacological chaperoning. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103740. [PMID: 32200326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) has become an important therapeutic target due to its involvement in pathological disorders consequent to enzyme deficiency, such as the lysosomal storage Gaucher disease (GD) and the neurological Parkinson disease (PD). Pharmacological chaperones (PCs) are small compounds able to stabilize enzymes when used at sub-inhibitory concentrations, thus rescuing enzyme activity. We report the stereodivergent synthesis of trihydroxypiperidines alkylated at C-2 with both configurations, by means of the stereoselective addition of Grignard reagents to a carbohydrate-derived nitrone in the presence or absence of Lewis acids. All the target compounds behave as good GCase inhibitors, with IC50 in the micromolar range. Moreover, compound 11a behaves as a PC in fibroblasts derived from Gaucher patients bearing the N370/RecNcil mutation and the homozygous L444P mutation, rescuing the activity of the deficient enzyme by up to 1.9- and 1.8-fold, respectively. Rescues of 1.2-1.4-fold were also observed in wild-type fibroblasts, which is important for targeting sporadic forms of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Clemente
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - C Matassini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - C Faggi
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - S Giachetti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - C Cresti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - A Morrone
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini n. 24, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - P Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - A Goti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Associated with Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS), Italy
| | - M Martínez-Bailén
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, c/ Prof. García González 1, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - F Cardona
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Associated with Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bartolo ND, Read JA, Valentín EM, Woerpel KA. Reactions of Allylmagnesium Reagents with Carbonyl Compounds and Compounds with C═N Double Bonds: Their Diastereoselectivities Generally Cannot Be Analyzed Using the Felkin-Anh and Chelation-Control Models. Chem Rev 2020; 120:1513-1619. [PMID: 31904936 PMCID: PMC7018623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the additions of allylmagnesium reagents to carbonyl compounds and to imines, focusing on the differences in reactivity between allylmagnesium halides and other Grignard reagents. In many cases, allylmagnesium reagents either react with low stereoselectivity when other Grignard reagents react with high selectivity, or allylmagnesium reagents react with the opposite stereoselectivity. This review collects hundreds of examples, discusses the origins of stereoselectivities or the lack of stereoselectivity, and evaluates why selectivity may not occur and when it will likely occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D. Bartolo
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100
Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Jacquelyne A. Read
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100
Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400
East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Valentín
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100
Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Susquehanna University, 514
University Avenue, Selinsgrove, PA 17870, USA
| | - K. A. Woerpel
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100
Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Clemente F, Matassini C, Goti A, Morrone A, Paoli P, Cardona F. Stereoselective Synthesis of C-2 Alkylated Trihydroxypiperidines: Novel Pharmacological Chaperones for Gaucher Disease. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:621-626. [PMID: 30996807 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological chaperones (PCs) are small molecules that bind and stabilize enzymes. They can rescue the enzymatic activity of misfolded or deficient enzymes when they are used at subinhibitory concentration, thus with minimal side effects. Pharmacological Chaperone Therapy (PCT) is an emerging treatment for many lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) including Gaucher disease, the most common, which is characterized by a deficiency in the GCase enzyme. We report herein a straightforward synthetic strategy to afford C-2 substituted trihydroxypiperidines with different alkyl chains starting from low cost d-mannose. Stereoselective Grignard reagent addition onto a key nitrone intermediate in the presence or absence of a suitable Lewis acid afforded both epimers of the target compounds, after a final reductive amination-ring closure step. We show that the shift of the alkyl chain from the endocyclic nitrogen to the C-2 position leads to a considerable increase in chaperoning efficacy, affording a new compound (4a) able to induce a remarkable 1.9-fold maximal increase in GCase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Clemente
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia n. 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Camilla Matassini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia n. 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- CNR-INO and LENS, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Andrea Goti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia n. 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- CNR-INO and LENS, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS), 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Amelia Morrone
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, and Department of Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini n. 24, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni n. 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardona
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia n. 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- CNR-INO and LENS, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS), 70125 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|