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Moorthy H, Ramesh M, Padhi D, Baruah P, Govindaraju T. Polycatechols inhibit ferroptosis and modulate tau liquid-liquid phase separation to mitigate Alzheimer's disease. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 38647314 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00023d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that affects learning, memory, and cognition. Current treatments targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau have shown limited effectiveness, necessitating further research on the aggregation and toxicity mechanisms. One of these mechanisms involves the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of tau, contributing to the formation of pathogenic tau aggregates, although their conformational details remain elusive. Another mechanism is ferroptosis, a type of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-mediated cell death, which has been implicated in AD. There is a lack of therapeutic strategies that simultaneously target amyloid toxicity and ferroptosis. This study aims to explore the potential of polycatechols, PDP and PLDP, consisting of dopamine and L-Dopa, respectively, as multifunctional agents to modulate the pathological nexus between ferroptosis and AD. Polycatechols were found to sequester the labile iron pool (LIP), inhibit Aβ and tau aggregation, scavenge free radicals, protect mitochondria, and prevent ferroptosis, thereby rescuing neuronal cell death. Interestingly, PLDP promotes tau LLPS, and modulates their intermolecular interactions to inhibit the formation of toxic tau aggregates, offering a conceptually innovative approach to tackle tauopathies. This is a first-of-its-kind polymer-based integrative approach that inhibits ferroptosis, counteracts amyloid toxicity, and modulates tau LLPS to mitigate the multifaceted toxicity of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariharan Moorthy
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
| | - Madhu Ramesh
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
| | - Dikshaa Padhi
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
| | - Prayasee Baruah
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
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2
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Taniwa K, Murakami K, Sakaguchi Y, Izuo N, Hanaki M, Sampa N, Kume T, Shimizu T, Irie K. Detection of Dietary Chalcone and Flavonoid Metabolites in Mice Using UPLC-MS/MS and Their Modulatory Effects on Amyloid β Aggregation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14289-14299. [PMID: 37702279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid β-protein (Aβ42) aggregates have been demonstrated to induce cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, functional food ingredients that inhibit Aβ42 aggregation are valuable for AD prevention. Although several food ingredients have been studied for their anti-aggregation activity, information on their bioavailability in the brain, incorporated forms, and relevance to AD etiology is limited. Here, we first detected the sulfate- and glucuronic-acid-conjugated forms of green perilla-derived chalcone (1) and taxifolin (2), which inhibit Aβ42 aggregation, in the brain, small intestine, and plasma of mice (1 and 2 were administered orally) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We observed that the conjugated metabolites (sulfate (4) and glucuronide (5)) of 1 prevented the fibrillization and oligomerization of Aβ42. These findings imply that the conjugated metabolites of 1 can prove beneficial for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Taniwa
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuma Murakami
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sakaguchi
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Naotaka Izuo
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Mizuho Hanaki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Sampa
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kume
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shimizu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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3
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Murakami K, Sakaguchi Y, Taniwa K, Izuo N, Hanaki M, Kawase T, Hirose K, Shimizu T, Irie K. Lysine-targeting inhibition of amyloid β oligomerization by a green perilla-derived metastable chalcone in vitro and in vivo. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:1380-1396. [PMID: 36544574 PMCID: PMC9709778 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00194b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomers of amyloid β (Aβ) represent an early aggregative form that causes neurotoxicity in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, preventing Aβ aggregation is important for preventing AD. Despite intensive studies on dietary compounds with anti-aggregation properties, some identified compounds are susceptible to autoxidation and/or hydration upon incubation in water, leaving unanswered issues regarding which active structures in metastable compounds are actually responsible for the inhibition of Aβ aggregation. In this study, we observed the site-specific inhibition of 42-mer Aβ (Aβ42) oligomerization by the green perilla-derived chalcone 2',3'-dihydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxychalcone (DDC), which was converted to its decomposed flavonoids (dDDC, 1-3) via nucleophilic aromatic substitution with water molecules. DDC suppressed Aβ42 fibrillization and slowed the transformation of the β-sheet structure, which is rich in Aβ42 aggregates. To validate the contribution of dDDC to the inhibitory effects of DDC on Aβ42 aggregation, we synthesized 1-3 and identified 3, a catechol-type flavonoid, as one of the active forms of DDC. 1H-15N SOFAST-HMQC NMR revealed that 1-3 as well as DDC could interact with residues between His13 and Leu17, which were near the intermolecular β-sheet (Gln15-Ala21). The nucleation in Aβ42 aggregates involves the rate-limiting formation of low-molecular-weight oligomers. The formation of a Schiff base with dDDC at Lys16 and Lys28 in the dimer through autoxidation of dDDC was associated with the suppression of Aβ42 nucleation. Of note, in two AD mouse models using immunoaffinity purification-mass spectrometry, adduct formation between dDDC and brain Aβ was observed in a similar manner as reported in vitro. The present findings unraveled the lysine-targeting inhibitory mechanism of metastable dietary ingredients regarding Aβ oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Murakami
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8502Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sakaguchi
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8502Japan
| | - Kota Taniwa
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8502Japan
| | - Naotaka Izuo
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChiba260-8670Japan
| | - Mizuho Hanaki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8502Japan
| | | | | | - Takahiko Shimizu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChiba260-8670Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8502Japan
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4
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Chikugo A, Irie Y, Tsukano C, Uchino A, Maki T, Kume T, Kawase T, Hirose K, Kageyama Y, Tooyama I, Irie K. Optimization of the Linker Length in the Dimer Model of E22P-Aβ40 Tethered at Position 38. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2913-2923. [PMID: 36095282 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Since amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers are more cytotoxic than fibrils, various dimer models have been synthesized. We focused on the C-terminal region that could form a hydrophobic core in the aggregation process and identified a toxic conformer-restricted dimer model (E22P,G38DAP-Aβ40 dimer) with an l,l-2,6-diaminopimelic acid linker (n = 3) at position 38, which exhibited moderate cytotoxicity. We synthesized four additional linkers (n = 2, 4, 5, 7) to determine the most appropriate distance between the two Aβ40 monomers for a toxic dimer model. Each di-Fmoc-protected two-valent amino acid was synthesized from a corresponding dialdehyde or cycloalkene followed by ozonolysis, using a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction and asymmetric hydrogenation. Then, the corresponding Aβ40 dimer models with these linkers at position 38 were synthesized using the solid-phase Fmoc strategy. Their cytotoxicity toward SH-SY5Y cells suggested that the shorter the linker length, the stronger the cytotoxicity. Particularly, the E22P,G38DAA-Aβ40 dimer (n = 2) formed protofibrillar aggregates and exhibited the highest cytotoxicity, equivalent to E22P-Aβ42, the most cytotoxic analogue of Aβ42. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) measurement indicated that all dimer models except the E22P,G38DAA-Aβ40 dimer existed as stable oligomers (12-24-mer). NativePAGE analysis supported the IM-MS data, but larger oligomers (30-150-mer) were also detected after a 24 h incubation. Moreover, E22P,G38DAA-Aβ40, E22P,G38DAP-Aβ40, and E22P,G38DAZ-Aβ40 (n = 5) dimers suppressed long-term potentiation (LTP). Overall, the ability to form fibrils with cross β-sheet structures was key to achieving cytotoxicity, and forming stable oligomers less than 150-mer did not correlate with cytotoxicity and LTP suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Chikugo
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
| | - Yumi Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tsukano
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
| | - Ayumi Uchino
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
| | - Takahito Maki
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama930-0194, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kume
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama930-0194, Japan
| | | | | | - Yusuke Kageyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Shiga520-2192, Japan
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Shiga520-2192, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
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5
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Uchino A, Irie Y, Tsukano C, Kawase T, Hirose K, Kageyama Y, Tooyama I, Yanagita RC, Irie K. Synthesis and Characterization of Propeller- and Parallel-Type Full-Length Amyloid β40 Trimer Models. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2517-2528. [PMID: 35930616 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligomers of the amyloid β (Aβ) protein play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, their heterogeneity and lability deter the identification of their tertiary structures and mechanisms of action. Aβ trimers and Aβ dimers may represent the smallest aggregation unit with cytotoxicity. Although propeller-type trimer models of E22P-Aβ40 tethered by an aromatic linker have recently been synthesized, they unexpectedly exhibited little cytotoxicity. To increase the flexibility of trimeric propeller-type models, we designed and synthesized trimer models with an alkyl linker, tert-butyltris-l-alanine (tButA), at position 36 or 38. In addition, we synthesized two parallel-type trimer models tethered at position 38 using alkyl linkers of different lengths, α,α-di-l-norvalyl-l-glycine (di-nV-Gly) and α,α-di-l-homonorleucyl-l-glycine (di-hnL-Gly), based on the previously reported toxic dimer model. The propeller-type E22P,V36tButA-Aβ40 trimer (4), which was designed to mimic the C-terminal anti-parallel β-sheet structures proposed by the structural analysis of 150 kDa oligomers of Aβ42, and the parallel-type E22P,G38di-nV-Gly-Aβ40 trimer (6) showed significant cytotoxicity against SH-SY5Y cells and aggregative ability to form protofibrillar species. In contrast, the E22P,G38tButA-Aβ40 trimer (5) and E22P,G38di-hnL-Gly-Aβ40 trimer (7) exhibited weak cytotoxicity, though they formed quasi-stable oligomers observed by ion mobility-mass spectrometry and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These results suggest that 4 and 6 could have some phase of the structure of toxic Aβ oligomers with a C-terminal hydrophobic core and that the conformation and/or aggregation process rather than the formation of stable oligomers contribute to the induction of cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Uchino
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yumi Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tsukano
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | | | - Yusuke Kageyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Ryo C Yanagita
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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6
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Albuquerque HMT, Nunes da Silva R, Pereira M, Maia A, Guieu S, Soares AR, Santos CMM, Vieira SI, Silva AMS. Steroid-Quinoline Hybrids for Disruption and Reversion of Protein Aggregation Processes. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:443-448. [PMID: 35300075 PMCID: PMC8919386 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversing protein aggregation within cells may be an important tool to fight protein-misfolding disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cardiovascular diseases. Here we report the design and synthesis of a family of steroid-quinoline hybrid compounds based on the framework combination approach. This set of hybrid compounds effectively inhibited Aβ1-42 self-aggregation in vitro by delaying the exponential growth phase and/or reducing the quantity of fibrils in the steady state. Their disaggregation efficacy was further demonstrated against preaggregated Aβ1-42 peptides in cellular assays upon their endocytosis by neuroblastoma cells, as they reverted both the number and the average area of fibrils back to basal levels. The antiaggregation effect of these hybrids was further tested and demonstrated in a cellular model of general protein aggregation expressing a protein aggregation fluorescent sensor. Together, our results show that the new cholesterol-quinoline hybrids possess wide and marked disaggregation capacities and are therefore promising templates for the development of new drugs to deal with conformational disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio M T Albuquerque
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Raquel Nunes da Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.,Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, IBiMED, University of Aveiro, Agras do Crasto, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marisa Pereira
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, IBiMED, University of Aveiro, Agras do Crasto, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - André Maia
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S) and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Samuel Guieu
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.,CICECO Aveiro-Institute of Materials and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3010-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Soares
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, IBiMED, University of Aveiro, Agras do Crasto, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Clementina M M Santos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-252 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Sandra I Vieira
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, IBiMED, University of Aveiro, Agras do Crasto, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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7
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Triterpenoids impede the fibrillation and cytotoxicity of human islet amyloid polypeptide. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 199:189-200. [PMID: 34973981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) deposition to block its toxicity is an important strategy for the prevention and treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Natural compounds with pharmacological properties and low toxicity can serve as a good point to discover potential inhibitors of protein misfolding, which may be useful for the treatment of various amyloidosis-related diseases. Previous studies have reported that triterpenoids, such as maslinic acid (MA) and momordicin I (MI), can modulate glucose metabolism partially by reducing insulin resistance. However, the internal antidiabetic mechanism of these triterpenoids remains unclear. In this study, we examined the inhibition and disaggregation of MAandits isomer MI on the fibrillation of hIAPP using various experimental and computational approaches. The assembly behaviors and peptide-induced cytotoxicity of hIAPP could be effectively resisted by MA and MI. Moreover, the interaction of the two triterpenoids with hIAPP displayed a spontaneous and exothermic process. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulation results of different peptides revealed that MA and MI could bind to Asn and other non-polar residues near the core C-terminal region and reduce the oligomerization of hIAPP. The binding affinity was predominantly contributed by hydrophobic, electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions. The present work provides valuable data for MA and MI to treat T2DM and amyloidosis-related diseases.
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Morishita Y, Tsukada K, Murakami K, Irie K, Asai T. Synthetic Biology-Based Discovery of Diterpenoid Pyrones from the Genome of Eupenicillium shearii. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:384-390. [PMID: 35057611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diterpenoid pyrones are a type of mainly fungal meroterpenoid metabolite consisting of a diterpene connected to a pyrone, some of which show potent bioactivity. Through genome mining and heterologous expression, nine new diterpenoid pyrones, shearones A-I (1-9), were discovered from the fungus Eupenicillium shearii IFM 42152, and their biosynthetic enzyme activities were revealed. Some of these heterologously biosynthesized diterpenoid pyrones exhibited moderate antiaggregative ability against amyloid β42 in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Morishita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kento Tsukada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kazuma Murakami
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Teigo Asai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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9
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Matsushima Y, Irie Y, Kageyama Y, Bellier JP, Tooyama I, Maki T, Kume T, Yanagita RC, Irie K. Structure optimization of the toxic conformation model of amyloid β42 by intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200029. [PMID: 35165998 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers play a critical role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Recently, we reported that a conformation-restricted Aβ42 with an intramolecular disulfide bond through cysteine residues at positions 17/28 formed stable oligomers with potent cytotoxicity. To further optimize this compound as a toxic conformer model, we synthesized three analogs with a combination of cysteine and homocysteine at positions 17/28. The analogs with Cys-Cys, Cys-homoCys, or homoCys-Cys, but not the homoCys-homoCys analog, exhibited potent cytotoxicity against SH-SY5Y and THP-1 cells even at 10 nM. In contrast, the cytotoxicity of conformation-restricted analogs at positions 16/29 or 18/27 was significantly weaker than that of wild-type Aβ42. Furthermore, a thioflavin-T assay, non-denaturing gel electrophoresis, and morphological study suggested that the majority of these conformation-restricted analogs existed in an oligomeric state in cell culture medium, indicating that the toxic conformation of Aβ42, rather than the oligomeric state, is essential to induce cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Matsushima
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Agriculture Faculty of Agriculture: Kyoto Daigaku Nogaku Kenkyuka Nogakubu, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, JAPAN
| | - Yumi Irie
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Agriculture Faculty of Agriculture: Kyoto Daigaku Nogaku Kenkyuka Nogakubu, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, JAPAN
| | - Yusuke Kageyama
- Shiga University of Medical Science: Shiga Ika Daigaku, Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, JAPAN
| | - Jean-Pierre Bellier
- Shiga University of Medical Science: Shiga Ika Daigaku, Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, JAPAN
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Shiga University of Medical Science: Shiga Ika Daigaku, Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, JAPAN
| | - Takahito Maki
- University of Toyama: Toyama Daigaku, Department of Applied Pharmacology, JAPAN
| | - Toshiaki Kume
- University of Toyama: Toyama Daigaku, Department of Applied Pharmacology, JAPAN
| | - Ryo C Yanagita
- Kagawa University Faculty of Agriculture Graduate School of Agriculture: Kagawa Daigaku Nogakubu Daigakuin Nogaku Kenkyuka, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Agriculture Faculty of Agriculture: Kyoto Daigaku Nogaku Kenkyuka Nogakubu, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8502, Kyoto, JAPAN
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10
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Hanaki M, Murakami K, Gunji H, Irie K. Activity-differential search for amyloid-β aggregation inhibitors using LC-MS combined with principal component analysis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 61:128613. [PMID: 35176471 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloid β42 (Aβ42) is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibition of Aβ42 aggregation is thus a promising approach for AD therapy. Kampo medicine has been widely used to combat dementias such as AD. Crude drug known as Shoyaku is an ingredient of Kampo that could have potential as a natural source of novel drugs. However, given that a mixture of compounds, rather than singular compounds, could contribute to the biological functions of crude drug, there are very limited studies on the structure and mechanism of each constituent in crude drug which may have anti-Aβ42 aggregation properties. Herein we provide an efficient method, using LC-MS combined with principal component analysis (PCA), to search for activity-dependent compounds that inhibit Aβ42 aggregation from 46 crude drug extracts originating from 18 plants. Only 5 extracts (Kakou, Kayou, Gusetsu, Rensu, and Renbou) from lotus demonstrated differentially inhibitory activities depending on the part of the plant from which they are derived (e.g. petiole, leaf, root node, stamen, and receptacle, respectively). To compare the anti-aggregative properties of compounds of active crude drug with those of inactive crude drug, these extracts were subjected to LC-MS measurement, followed by PCA. From 12 candidate compounds identified from the analysis, glucuronized and glucosidized quercetin, as well as 6 flavonoids (datiscetin, kaempferol, morin, robinetin, quercetin, and myricitrin), including catechol or flatness moiety suppressed Aβ42 aggregation, whereas curcumol, a sesquiterpene, did not. In conclusion, this study offers a new activity-differential methodology to identify bioactive natural products in crude drugs that inhibit Aβ42 aggregation and that could be applied to future AD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Hanaki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuma Murakami
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Gunji
- Alps-Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., Gifu 509-4241, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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11
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Gasymov OK, Mammedzade AM, Bakhishova MJ, Guliyeva AJ, Ragona L, Molinari H. Sodium fusidate prevents protein aggregation of silk fibroin and offers new perspectives for human lens material disaggregation. Biophys Chem 2021; 279:106680. [PMID: 34537590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) is a non-pathological amyloidogenic protein prone, in solution, to the formation of amyloid-like aggregated species, displaying similarities in fibrillation kinetics with pathological amyloids, as widely reported in the literature. We show here, on the basis of different biophysical approaches (turbidity, Congo Red assays, CD, DLS and fluorescence), that fusidic acid (FA), a well-known antibiotic, acts on SF as an anti-aggregating agent in a dose-dependent manner, being also able to revert SF aggregation. FA binds to SF inducing changes in the environment of SF aromatic residues. We further provide the proof of principle that FA, already approved as drug on humans and used in ophthalmic preparations, displays its anti-aggregation properties also on lens material derived from cataract surgery and is capable of reducing aggregation. Thus it is suggested that FA can be foreseen as a therapeutic treatment for cataract and other protein aggregation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay K Gasymov
- Institute of Biophysics of ANAS, 117 Z. Khalilov, AZ-1141 Baku, Azerbaijan.
| | - Aida M Mammedzade
- Institute of Biophysics of ANAS, 117 Z. Khalilov, AZ-1141 Baku, Azerbaijan
| | | | - Aytaj J Guliyeva
- Institute of Biophysics of ANAS, 117 Z. Khalilov, AZ-1141 Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Laura Ragona
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), CNR, via Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Henriette Molinari
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), CNR, via Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
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12
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Murakami K, Horii S, Hanaki M, Irie K. Searching for Natural Products That Delay Nucleation Phase and Promote Elongation Phase of Amyloid β42 toward Alzheimer's Disease Therapeutics. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3467-3476. [PMID: 34463471 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloid β42 (Aβ42) is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The mechanism of Aβ42 aggregation mainly consists of two phases, nucleation and elongation (including plateau region as a saturation phase). During the nucleation phase, the monomer gradually forms toxic oligomers. During the elongation phase, each nucleus acts as a template and associates with monomers to initiate less toxic fibrillization. We previously proposed a method of classifying compounds into nine groups based on their ability to modulate the nucleation and/or elongation phases. An orcein derivative (O4), which is a phenoxazine dye isolated from the lichen Roccella tinctoria and containing a 2,5-cyclohexadienone moiety, was reported to convert oligomers into relatively inert fibrils, resulting in the reduction of the neurotoxicity of Aβ42. Focusing on O4 in the pursuit of anti-AD drugs, we herein screened 480 natural products including NPDepo (RIKEN) for the compounds that delayed the nucleation phase and promoted the elongation phase. The signal intensities for Aβ42 treated with each of the 15 compounds that met these criteria were lowered in dot blotting using antioligomer antibody, and the fibril formation of Aβ42 in the presence of these compounds was observed in transmission electron microscopy. Among the 15 compounds, 12 compounds (80%) reduced the toxicity of Aβ42 against mouse neuroblastoma Neuro-2a cells. Some of these anticytotoxic compounds contain 2-pyrone and 4-pyrone that interacted with Aβ42, maybe by shifting the equilibrium of Aβ from toxic oligomer into inert fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Murakami
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shiori Horii
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Mizuho Hanaki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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13
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Heterometallic uranyl-organic frameworks incorporating manganese and copper: Structures, ammonia sorption and magnetic properties. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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14
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Hügel HM, de Silva NH, Siddiqui A, Blanch E, Lingham A. Natural spirocyclic alkaloids and polyphenols as multi target dementia leads. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 43:116270. [PMID: 34153839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The U rhynchophylla, U tomentosa, Isatis indigotica Fortune, Voacanga Africana, herbal constituents, fungal extracts from Aspergillus duricaulis culture media, include spirooxindoles, polyphenols or bridged spirocyclic alkaloids. Their constituents exhibit specific and synergistic multiple neuroprotective properties including inhibiting of Aβ fibril induced cytotoxicity, NMDA receptor inhibition in mice models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The pioneering research from Woodward to Waldmann has advanced the synthesis of spirocyclic alkaloids. Furthermore, the elucidation of the genetic analysis, biochemical pathways that links strictosidine to the alkaloids akuammicine, stemmadenine, tabersonine, catharanthine, will now enable the biotechnological generation, also stimulate synthesis of related bridged spirocyclic alkaloids for medicinal investigations. From the value of spirocyclic structures as multi target dementia leads, we hypothesise that simpler Lipinski-like natural/synthetic alkaloid analogues may likewise be discovered that provide neurocognitive enhancing activities against dementia and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut M Hügel
- Applied Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
| | - Nilamuni H de Silva
- Applied Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Aimen Siddiqui
- Applied Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Ewan Blanch
- Applied Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Anthony Lingham
- Applied Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
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15
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Xu J, Zheng T, Huang X, Wang Y, Yin G, Du W. Procyanidine resists the fibril formation of human islet amyloid polypeptide. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1067-1078. [PMID: 33965498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) is widely studied due to its close correlation with the pathogenic mechanism of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Bioflavonoids have been used in the neurodegeneration and diabetes studies. However, the structure-activity relationship remains unclear in many of these compounds. In this work, we performed diverse biophysical and biochemical methods to explore the inhibition of procyanidine on hIAPP and compared with that on amyloid-β (Aβ) protein which is linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The procyanidine effectively inhibited the aggregation of hIAPP and Aβ through hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions, it dissolved the aged fibrils into nanoscale particles. The compound also ameliorated the cytotoxicity and the membrane leakage by reducing the peptide oligomerization. The procyanidine showed better binding affinity and inhibitory effects on peptide aggregation and upregulated the cell viability to hIAPP than to Aβ, which could be a prospective inhibitor against hIAPP. This work also offered a possible strategy for T2DM and AD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufei Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xiangyi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Guowei Yin
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Weihong Du
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
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16
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Malafaia D, Albuquerque HMT, Silva AMS. Amyloid-β and tau aggregation dual-inhibitors: A synthetic and structure-activity relationship focused review. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113209. [PMID: 33548635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common types of dementia, especially in elderly, with an increasing number of people suffering from this disease worldwide. There are no available disease-modifying therapies and only four drugs are approved for the relief of symptoms. Currently, the therapeutic approach used for AD treatment is based on single target drugs, which are not capable to stop its progression. To address this issue, multi-target compounds, combining two or more pharmacophores in a single molecular entity, have gained increasing interest to deal with the multiple factors related to AD. The exact cause of AD is not yet completely disclosed, and several hallmarks have been associated to this neurodegenerative disease. Even though, the accumulation of both amyloid-β plaques (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are fully accepted as the main AD hallmarks, being object of lots of research for early-stage diagnosis and pharmacological therapy. In this context, this review summarizes the state-of-the-art in the field of dual-target inhibitors of both Aβ and tau aggregation simultaneously, including the design and synthetic strategy of the dual-target compounds, as well as a brief structure-activity relationships (SAR) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Malafaia
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hélio M T Albuquerque
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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17
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Pagano K, Tomaselli S, Molinari H, Ragona L. Natural Compounds as Inhibitors of Aβ Peptide Aggregation: Chemical Requirements and Molecular Mechanisms. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:619667. [PMID: 33414705 PMCID: PMC7783407 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.619667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, with no cure and preventive therapy. Misfolding and extracellular aggregation of Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are recognized as the main cause of AD progression, leading to the formation of toxic Aβ oligomers and to the deposition of β-amyloid plaques in the brain, representing the hallmarks of AD. Given the urgent need to provide alternative therapies, natural products serve as vital resources for novel drugs. In recent years, several natural compounds with different chemical structures, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and vitamins from plants have received attention for their role against the neurodegenerative pathological processes. However, only for a small subset of them experimental evidences are provided on their mechanism of action. This review focuses on those natural compounds shown to interfere with Aβ aggregation by direct interaction with Aβ peptide and whose inhibitory mechanism has been investigated by means of biophysical and structural biology experimental approaches. In few cases, the combination of approaches offering a macroscopic characterization of the oligomers, such as TEM, AFM, fluorescence, together with high-resolution methods could shed light on the complex mechanism of inhibition. In particular, solution NMR spectroscopy, through peptide-based and ligand-based observation, was successfully employed to investigate the interactions of the natural compounds with both soluble NMR-visible (monomer and low molecular weight oligomers) and NMR-invisible (high molecular weight oligomers and protofibrils) species. The molecular determinants of the interaction of promising natural compounds are here compared to infer the chemical requirements of the inhibitors and the common mechanisms of inhibition. Most of the data converge to indicate that the Aβ regions relevant to perturb the aggregation cascade and regulate the toxicity of the stabilized oligomers, are the N-term and β1 region. The ability of the natural aggregation inhibitors to cross the brain blood barrier, together with the tactics to improve their low bioavailability are discussed. The analysis of the data ensemble can provide a rationale for the selection of natural compounds as molecular scaffolds for the design of new therapeutic strategies against the progression of early and late stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuscia Pagano
- NMR Laboratory, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Tomaselli
- NMR Laboratory, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Henriette Molinari
- NMR Laboratory, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Ragona
- NMR Laboratory, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - CNR, Milan, Italy
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18
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Xu J, Zheng T, Zhao C, Huang X, Du W. Resistance of nepetin and its analogs on the fibril formation of human islet amyloid polypeptide. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:435-447. [PMID: 33127549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The self-aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) into toxic oligomers and fibrils is closely linked to the pathogenesis of type II diabetes mellitus. Inhibitors can resist hIAPP misfolding, and the resistance can be considered an alternative therapeutic strategy for this disease. Flavones have been applied in the field of diabetes research, however, the inhibition mechanism of many compounds on the fibril formation of related pathogenic peptides remains unclear. In this work, four flavones, namely, nepetin (1), genkwanin (2), luteolin (3), and apigenin (4), were used to impede the peptide aggregation of hIAPP and compared with that on Aβ protein, which is correlated with Alzheimer's disease. Results indicated that the four flavones effectively inhibited the aggregation of the two peptides and mostly dispersed the mature fibrils to monomers. The interactions of flavones with the two peptides demonstrated a spontaneous and exothermic reaction through predominant hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. The binding affinities of 1 and 3 were stronger than those of 2 and 4 possibly because of the difference in the substituent groups of these molecules. These flavones could also decrease membrane leakage and upregulate cell viability by reducing the formation of toxic oligomers. Moreover, the performance of these flavones in terms of binding affinity, cellular viability, and decreased oligomerization was better on hIAPP than on Aβ. This work offered valuable data about these flavones as prospective therapeutic agents against relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufei Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xiangyi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Weihong Du
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
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19
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Obata Y, Murakami K, Kawase T, Hirose K, Izuo N, Shimizu T, Irie K. Detection of Amyloid β Oligomers with RNA Aptamers in App NL-G-F/NL-G-F Mice: A Model of Arctic Alzheimer's Disease. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:21531-21537. [PMID: 32905362 PMCID: PMC7469371 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RNA aptamers have garnered attention for diagnostic applications due to their ability to recognize diverse targets. Oligomers of 42-mer amyloid β-protein (Aβ42), whose accumulation is relevant to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), are among the most difficult molecules for aptamer recognition because they are prone to aggregate in heterogeneous forms. In addition to designing haptens for in vitro selection of aptamers, the difficulties involved in determining their effect on Aβ42 oligomerization impede aptamer research. We previously developed three RNA aptamers (E22P-AbD4, -AbD31, and -AbD43) with high affinity for protofibrils (PFs) derived from a toxic Aβ42 dimer. Notably, these aptamers recognized diffuse staining, which likely originated from PFs or higher-order oligomers with curvilinear structures in a knock-in AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F mouse, carrying the Arctic mutation that preferentially induced the formation of PFs, in addition to a PS2Tg2576 mouse. To determine which oligomeric sizes were mainly altered by the aptamer, ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) was carried out. One aptamer, E22P-AbD43, formed adducts with the Aβ42 monomer and dimer, leading to suppression of further oligomerization. These findings support the utility of these aptamers as diagnostics for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Obata
- Division
of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuma Murakami
- Division
of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | | | - Naotaka Izuo
- Department
of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shimizu
- Department
of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division
of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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20
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Xu J, Zhao C, Huang X, Du W. Tetracycline derivatives resist the assembly behavior of human islet amyloid polypeptide. Biochimie 2020; 174:95-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Murakami K, Kato H, Hanaki M, Monobe Y, Akagi KI, Kawase T, Hirose K, Irie K. Synthetic and biochemical studies on the effect of persulfidation on disulfide dimer models of amyloid β42 at position 35 in Alzheimer's etiology. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19506-19512. [PMID: 35515472 PMCID: PMC9054097 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03429k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein persulfidation plays a role in redox signaling as an anti-oxidant. Dimers of amyloid β42 (Aβ42), which induces oxidative stress-associated neurotoxicity as a causative agent of Alzheimer's disease (AD), are minimum units of oligomers in AD pathology. Met35 can be susceptible to persulfidation through its substitution to homoCys residue under the condition of oxidative stress. In order to verify whether persulfidation has an effect in AD, herein we report a chemical approach by synthesizing disulfide dimers of Aβ42 and their evaluation of biochemical properties. A homoCys-disulfide dimer model at position 35 of Aβ42 formed a partial β-sheet structure, but its neurotoxicity was much weaker than that of the corresponding monomer. In contrast, the congener with an alkyl linker generated β-sheet-rich 8–16-mer oligomers with potent neurotoxicity. The length of protofibrils generated from the homoCys-disulfide dimer model was shorter than that of its congener with an alkyl linker. Therefore, the current data do not support the involvement of Aβ42 persulfidation in Alzheimer's disease. Our data do not support the Aβ42 persulfidation hypothesis in Alzheimer's etiology because the neurotoxicity of the homoCys-disulfide-Aβ42 dimer was very weak.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Murakami
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Haruka Kato
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Mizuho Hanaki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Yoko Monobe
- National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition Osaka 567-0085 Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Akagi
- National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition Osaka 567-0085 Japan
| | | | | | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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22
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Chang R, Chen X, Yu H, Tan G, Wen H, Huang J, Hao Z. Modified EDTA selectively recognized Cu2+ and its application in the disaggregation of β-amyloid-Cu (II)/Zn (II) aggregates. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 203:110929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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23
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Irie K. New diagnostic method for Alzheimer’s disease based on the toxic conformation theory of amyloid β. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1-16. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1667222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent investigations suggest that soluble oligomeric amyloid β (Aβ) species may be involved in early onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Using systematic proline replacement, solid-state NMR, and ESR, we identified a toxic turn at position 22 and 23 of Aβ42, the most potent neurotoxic Aβ species. Through radicalization, the toxic turn can induce formation of the C-terminal hydrophobic core to obtain putative Aβ42 dimers and trimers. Synthesized dimer and trimer models showed that the C-terminal hydrophobic core plays a critical role in the formation of high molecular weight oligomers with neurotoxicity. Accordingly, an anti-toxic turn antibody (24B3) that selectively recognizes a toxic dimer model of E22P-Aβ42 was developed. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with 24B3 and 82E1 detected a significantly higher ratio of Aβ42 with a toxic turn to total Aβ42 in cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients compared with controls, suggesting that 24B3 could be useful for early onset of AD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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24
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De Simone A, Naldi M, Tedesco D, Bartolini M, Davani L, Andrisano V. Advanced analytical methodologies in Alzheimer’s disease drug discovery. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 178:112899. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Xu J, Zhao C, Huang X, Du W. Regulation of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives on the Assembly Behavior and Cytotoxicity of Amyloid Polypeptides hIAPP and Aβ. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4522-4534. [PMID: 31577904 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The misfolding and aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) and amyloid-β (Aβ) protein are closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease, respectively. Inhibitors of amyloid peptides include short peptides, aromatic organic molecules, nanoparticles, and even metal compounds. Sesquiterpenoid artemisinins are widely used in anti-malaria treatments, and they may modulate glucose homeostasis against diabetes. However, the antidiabetic mechanism of these compounds remains unclear. In this work, four compounds, namely, artemisinin (1), dihydroartemisinin (2), artesunate (3), and artemether (4), were exploited to inhibit the assembly behavior of hIAPP and compared with that of Aβ. Although structurally distinct from other aromatic inhibitors of amyloid peptides, these sesquiterpenoids effectively altered the two peptides' fibril morphologies and disaggregated the mature fibrils mostly to the monomers. The interaction of artemisinins with the two peptides demonstrated a spontaneous, exothermic, and entropy-driven binding process predominantly through hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Moreover, they reversed cytotoxicity and membrane leakage by reducing peptides' oligomerization. The results suggested that these compounds had better inhibition and disaggregation capability against hIAPP than against Aβ. Furthermore, the effects of these compounds' structural modification on the amyloid fibril formation of the two peptides were observed. The molecular screening offered a new perspective for artemisinins as promising inhibitors against amyloidosis related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufei Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xiangyi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Weihong Du
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
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26
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Three Structural Features of Functional Food Components and Herbal Medicine with Amyloid β42 Anti-Aggregation Properties. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112125. [PMID: 31195683 PMCID: PMC6600243 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloid β42 (Aβ42) is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are numerous naturally occurring products that suppress the aggregation of Aβ42, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Based on NMR and MS spectroscopic analysis, we propose three structural characteristics found in natural products required for the suppressive activity against Aβ42 aggregation (i.e., oligomerization by targeting specific amino acid residues on this protein). These characteristics include (1) catechol-type flavonoids that can form Michael adducts with the side chains of Lys16 and 28 in monomeric Aβ42 through flavonoid autoxidation; (2) non-catechol-type flavonoids with planarity due to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl groups that can interact with the intermolecular β-sheet region in Aβ42 aggregates, especially aromatic rings such as those of Phe19 and 20; and (3) carboxy acid derivatives with triterpenoid or anthraquinoid that can generate a salt bridge with basic amino acid residues such as Lys16 and 28 in the Aβ42 dimer or trimer. Here, we summarize the recent body of knowledge concerning amyloidogenic inhibitors, particularly in functional food components and Kampo medicine, and discuss their application in the treatment and prevention of AD.
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