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Mohd Shumiri MAI, Mohd Najib AS, Putra AEE, Fadil NA. Electrochemical and chemical dealloying of nanoporous anode materials for energy storage applications. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2025; 26:2451017. [PMID: 39906547 PMCID: PMC11792133 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2025.2451017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2024] [Revised: 12/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2025] [Indexed: 02/06/2025]
Abstract
Traditionally employed in alloy corrosion studies, dealloying has evolved into a versatile technique for fabricating advanced porous materials. The unique architecture of interconnected pore channels and continuous metal ligaments endows dealloyed materials with high surface-to-volume ratio, excellent electron conductivity, efficient mass transport and remarkable catalytic activity, positioning them at the forefront of nanomaterial applications with significant potential. However, reproducible synthesis of these structures remains challenging due to limitations in conventional dealloying techniques. Herein, this review attempts to consolidate recent progress in electrochemical and chemical dealloying methods for nanoporous anodes in energy storage and conversion applications. We begin by elucidating the fundamental mechanisms driving dealloying and evaluate key factors influencing dealloying conditions. Through a review of current research, we identify critical properties of dealloyed nanoporous anodes that warrant further investigation. Applications of these materials as anodes in metal-ion batteries, supercapacitors, water splitting and photocatalyst are discussed. Lastly, we address ongoing challenges in this field and propose perspectives on promising research directions. This review aims to inspire new pathways and foster the development of efficient dealloyed porous anodes for sustainable energy technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Afiq Irfan Mohd Shumiri
- Materials Research and Consultancy Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Abdillah Sani Mohd Najib
- Materials Research and Consultancy Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Materials, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Andi Erwin Eka Putra
- Battery and Advanced Materials Research Center, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Nor Akmal Fadil
- Materials Research and Consultancy Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Materials, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
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Li J, Yu B, Ran Y, Liu Y, Fei X, Sun J, Tan F, Cheng G, Zhang Y, Qin J, Zhang Z. Synthesis and Structural Modulation of Nanoporous Copper Films by Magnetron Sputtering and One-Step Dealloying. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:5705. [PMID: 39685141 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 11/17/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024]
Abstract
Nanoporous copper (np-Cu) has attracted much more attention due to its lower cost compared to other noble metals and high functionality in practical use. Herein, Al100-xCux(x = 13-88 at.%) precursor films with thicknesses of 0.16-1.1 μm were fabricated by varying magnetron co-sputtering parameters. Subsequently, utilizing a one-step dealloying strategy, a series of np-Cu films with ligament sizes ranging from 11.4-19.0 nm were synthesized. The effects of precursor composition and substrate temperature on the microstructure of np-Cu films were investigated. As the atomic ratio of Cu increases from 15 to 34, the np-Cu film detached from the substrate gradually transforms into a bi-continuous ligament-channel structure that is well bonded to the substrate. Furthermore, the novel bi-layer hierarchical np-Cu films were successfully prepared based on single-layer nanoporous films. Our findings not only contribute to the systematic understanding of the modification of the morphology and structure of np-Cu films but also offer a valuable framework for the design and fabrication of other non-noble nanoporous metals with tailored properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Li
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Yunfei Ran
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Yalong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Xiangyu Fei
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Jiameng Sun
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Fuquan Tan
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Guanhua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Jingyu Qin
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road 17923, Jinan 250061, China
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Dealloying-Derived Nanoporous Cu 6Sn 5 Alloy as Stable Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14154348. [PMID: 34361542 PMCID: PMC8346966 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The volume expansion during Li ion insertion/extraction remains an obstacle for the application of Sn-based anode in lithium ion-batteries. Herein, the nanoporous (np) Cu6Sn5 alloy and Cu6Sn5/Sn composite were applied as a lithium-ion battery anode. The as-dealloyed np-Cu6Sn5 has an ultrafine ligament size of 40 nm and a high BET-specific area of 15.9 m2 g-1. The anode shows an initial discharge capacity as high as 1200 mA h g-1, and it remains a capacity of higher than 600 mA h g-1 for the initial five cycles at 0.1 A g-1. After 100 cycles, the anode maintains a stable capacity higher than 200 mA h g-1 for at least 350 cycles, with outstanding Coulombic efficiency. The ex situ XRD patterns reveal the reverse phase transformation between Cu6Sn5 and Li2CuSn. The Cu6Sn5/Sn composite presents a similar cycling performance with a slightly inferior rate performance compared to np-Cu6Sn5. The study demonstrates that dealloyed nanoporous Cu6Sn5 alloy could be a promising candidate for lithium-ion batteries.
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