1
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Zabala-Lekuona A, Lopez de Pariza X, Díaz-Ortega IF, Cepeda J, Nojiri H, Gritsan NP, Dmitriev AA, López-Ortega A, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Seco JM, Colacio E. From field-induced to zero-field SMMs associated with open/closed structures of bis(ZnDy) tetranuclear complexes: a combined magnetic, theoretical and optical study. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7971-7984. [PMID: 38647324 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00148f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
We have prepared a bis(compartmental) Mannich base ligand H4L (1,4,8,11-tetraaza-1,4,8,11-tetrakis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methylbenzyl)cyclotetradecane) specifically designed to obtain bis(TMIILnIII) tetranuclear complexes (TM = transition metal). In this regard, we have succeeded in obtaining three new complexes of the formula [Zn2(μ-L)(μ-OAc)Dy2(NO3)2]·[Zn2(μ-L)(μ-OAc)Dy2(NO3)(OAc)]·4CHCl3·2MeOH (1) and [TM2(μ-H2L)2(μ-succinate)Ln2(NO3)2] (NO3)2·2H2O·6MeOH (TMII = Zn, LnIII = Dy (2); TMII = Co, LnIII = Dy (3)). Compound 1 contains two different bis(ZnDy) tetranuclear molecules that cocrystallize in the structure, in which acetato bridging ligands connect the ZnII and DyIII ions within each ZnDy subunit. This compound does not exhibit slow magnetic relaxation at zero field, but it is activated in the presence of an applied dc magnetic field and/or by Dy/Y magnetic dilution, showing two relaxation processes corresponding to each of the two different bis(ZnDy) units found in the structure. As revealed by the theoretical calculations, magnetic relaxation in 1 is single-ion in origin and takes place through the first excited state of each DyIII ion. When using the succinato dicarboxylate bridging ligand instead of acetate, compounds 2 and 3 were serendipitously formed, which have a closed structure with the succinate anion bridging two ZnDy subunits belonging to two different ligands. It should be noted that only compound 2 exhibits slow relaxation of magnetization in the absence of an external magnetic field. According to experimental and theoretical data, 2 relaxes through the second excited Kramers doublet (Ueff = 342 K). In contrast, 3 displays field-induced SMM behaviour (Ueff = 203 K). However, the Co/Zn diluted version of this compound 3Zn shows slow relaxation at zero field (Ueff = 347 K). Ab initio theoretical calculations clearly show that the weak ferromagnetic coupling between CoII and DyIII ions is at the origin of the lack of slow relaxation of this compound at zero field. Compound 2 and its diluted analogues 2Y and 3Zn show hysteresis loops at very low temperature, thus confirming their SMM behaviour. Finally, compounds 1 and 2 show DyIII based emission even at room temperature that, in the case of 2, allows us to extract the splitting of the ground 6H15/2 term, which matches reasonably well with theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andoni Zabala-Lekuona
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Xabier Lopez de Pariza
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ismael F Díaz-Ortega
- Departamento de Química y Física-CIESOL, Universidad de Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Javier Cepeda
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Hiroyuki Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Nina P Gritsan
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexey A Dmitriev
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alberto López-Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Universidad Pública de Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia-San Sebastian, 20018, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - José M Seco
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Enrique Colacio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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2
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Mies T, White AJP, Rzepa HS, Barluzzi L, Devgan M, Layfield RA, Barrett AGM. Syntheses and Characterization of Main Group, Transition Metal, Lanthanide, and Actinide Complexes of Bidentate Acylpyrazolone Ligands. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13253-13276. [PMID: 37549423 PMCID: PMC10445273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of acylpyrazolone salts and their complexes of main group elements, transition metals, lanthanides, and actinides are described and characterized inter alia by means of single-crystal X-ray crystallography, NMR, and IR spectroscopies. The complexes consist of two, three, or four acylprazolone ligands bound to the metal atom, resulting in a structurally diverse set of coordination complexes with (distorted) octahedral, pentagonal-bipyramidal, or antiprismatic arrangements. Several complexes proved to be polymeric in the solid state including heterobimetallic sodium/lanthanide coordination polymers. A selection of the polymeric compounds was analyzed via TG/DTA measurements to establish their stability. The ligands, in turn, were readily synthesized in good yields from commercially available hydrazine hydrochloride salts. These findings demonstrate that acylpyrazolone ligands can form complexes with metals of varying ionic radii, highlighted by their utility in other areas such as analytical and metal organic framework chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mies
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, England
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, England
| | - Henry S. Rzepa
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, England
| | - Luciano Barluzzi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QR, England
| | - Mohit Devgan
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, England
| | - Richard A. Layfield
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QR, England
| | - Anthony G. M. Barrett
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, England
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3
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Polikovskiy T, Korshunov V, Metlin M, Gontcharenko V, Metlina D, Datskevich N, Kiskin M, Belousov Y, Tsorieva A, Taydakov I. Influence of Ligand Environment Stoichiometry on NIR-Luminescence Efficiency of Sm 3+, Pr 3+ and Nd 3+ Ions Coordination Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:5892. [PMID: 37570861 PMCID: PMC10421502 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Six new complexes of the ligand HQcy (-4-(cyclohexanecarbonyl)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one) and Ln3+ ions with emission in the near-infrared (Nd3+) or visible and near-infrared (Sm3+, Pr3+) spectral regions were synthesized and characterized using various methods, including single crystal X-ray diffraction. The study demonstrated that both tris complexes [LnQcy3(H2O)(EtOH)] and tetrakis-acids [H3O][LnQcy4] can be synthesized by varying the synthetic conditions. The photochemical properties of the complexes were investigated experimentally and theoretically using various molecular spectroscopy techniques and Judd-Ofelt theory. The objective was to quantitatively and qualitatively disclose the influence of complex stoichiometry on its luminescence properties. The study showed that the addition of an extra ligand molecule (in the tetrakis species) increased molar extinction by up to 2 times, affected the shape of photoluminescence spectra, especially of the Pr3+ complex, and increased the quantum yield of the Sm3+ complex by up to 2 times. The results obtained from this study provide insights into the luminescent properties of lanthanide coordination compounds, which are crucial for the design and development of novel photonic materials with tailored photophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trofim Polikovskiy
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (M.M.); (V.G.); (D.M.); (N.D.); or (Y.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Vladislav Korshunov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (M.M.); (V.G.); (D.M.); (N.D.); or (Y.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Mikhail Metlin
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (M.M.); (V.G.); (D.M.); (N.D.); or (Y.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Viktoria Gontcharenko
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (M.M.); (V.G.); (D.M.); (N.D.); or (Y.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Miasnitskaya Str., 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Darya Metlina
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (M.M.); (V.G.); (D.M.); (N.D.); or (Y.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Nikolay Datskevich
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (M.M.); (V.G.); (D.M.); (N.D.); or (Y.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Mikhail Kiskin
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Yury Belousov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (M.M.); (V.G.); (D.M.); (N.D.); or (Y.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.)
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory Str., Building 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alisia Tsorieva
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (M.M.); (V.G.); (D.M.); (N.D.); or (Y.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Ilya Taydakov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (M.M.); (V.G.); (D.M.); (N.D.); or (Y.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.)
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4
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Polikovskiy T, Korshunov V, Gontcharenko V, Kiskin M, Belousov Y, Pettinari C, Taydakov I. Dynamics of the Ligand Excited States Relaxation in Novel β-Diketonates of Non-Luminescent Trivalent Metal Ions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098131. [PMID: 37175836 PMCID: PMC10179517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Complexes emitting in the blue spectral region are attractive materials for developing white-colored light sources. Here, we report the luminescence properties of novel coordination compounds based on the trivalent group 3, 13 metals, and the 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-cyclohexylcarbonyl-pyrazol-5-onate (QCH) ligand. [M(QCH)3] (M = Al, Ga, and In), [M(QCH)3(H2O)] (M = Sc, Gd, and Lu), [Lu(QCH)3(DMSO)], and [La(QCH)3(H2O)(EtOH)] complexes were synthesized and structurally characterized by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. It has been found that the luminescence quantum yields of the ligand increase by one order of magnitude upon metal coordination. A significant correspondence between the energies of the ligand's excited states and the luminescence quantum yields to the metal ion's atomic numbers was found using molecular spectroscopy techniques. The replacement of the central ion with the heavier one leads to a monotonic increase in singlet state energy, while the energy of the triplet state is similar for all the complexes. Time-resolved measurements allowed us to estimate the intersystem crossing (ISC) rate constants. It was shown that replacing the Al3+ ion with the heavier diamagnetic Ga3+ and In3+ ions decreased the ISC rate, while the replacement with the paramagnetic Gd3+ ion increased the ISC rate, which resulted in a remarkably bright and room-temperature phosphorescence of [Gd(QCH)3(H2O)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Trofim Polikovskiy
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav Korshunov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria Gontcharenko
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Miasnitskaya Str., 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Kiskin
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy Belousov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonoso sv Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory Str, Building 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Claudio Pettinari
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Ilya Taydakov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy 1. Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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5
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Self-Assembly of a Two-Dimensional Coordination Polymer Based on Silver and Lanthanide Tetrakis-Acylpyrazolonates: An Efficient New Strategy for Suppressing Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer Quenching of Europium Luminescence. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040867. [PMID: 36850151 PMCID: PMC9960442 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A new strategy for the easy polymerization of anionic [Ln(Qcy)4]- (HQcy-4-(cyclohexanecarbonyl)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one) into two-dimensional layers of [AgLn(Qcy)4]n (Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy) is proposed by binding the single molecular anions [Ln(Qcy)4]- to silver cations through the coordination of the pyridinic nitrogen atoms of the pyrazolonate rings. The luminescent properties of [AgLn(Qcy)4]n have been studied in detail, and it was shown that the previously described low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of [Eu(Qcy)4]- is due to Ligand-To-Metal Charge Transfer (LMCT) quenching, which is effectively suppressed in the heterometallic [AgEu(Qcy)4]n polymer. Sensibilization coefficients for H3O[Eu(Qcy)4], [AgEu(Qcy)4]n, and H3O[Sm(Qcy)4] complexes (n ≈ 1) were estimated via theoretical analysis (also by using Judd-Ofelt theory for Sm3+) and PLQY measurements.
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6
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Xi L, Jin C, Song H, Wang X, Xie J, Ma Y, Tang J, Li L. Influence of the Coordinated Transition Metal Ion on Magnetic Relaxation of Lanthanide Based Complexes with Imino Nitroxide Biradical Ligands. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202239. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Chaoyi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Hongwei Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Junfang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
| | - Licun Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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7
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A new mononuclear terbium and copper cocrystalline nitronyl nitroxide complex: synthesis, structure and magnetic properties. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Liu CM, Hao X. Magnetic relaxation in two chain-like Zn2Dy2 Schiff base coordination polymers bridged by tetraoxolene and its one-electron reduced radical. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04299h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two chain-like Zn–Dy anilate radical coordination polymers with Schiff base ligands show magnetic relaxation behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Ming Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang Hao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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9
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Observation of field-induced single-ion magnet behavior in a mononuclear DyIII complex by co-crystallization of a square-planar CuII complex. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Roy S, Hari N, Mohanta S. Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Magnetic Properties, and Fluorescence of Two Heptanuclear Co
III
4
Ln
III
3
Compounds (Ln = Gd
III
, Dy
III
): Multiple Relaxation Dynamics in the Dy
III
Analogue. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuvayan Roy
- Department of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Section University of Calcutta 92 A. P. C Road 700 009 Kolkata India
| | - Nairita Hari
- Department of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Section University of Calcutta 92 A. P. C Road 700 009 Kolkata India
| | - Sasankasekhar Mohanta
- Department of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Section University of Calcutta 92 A. P. C Road 700 009 Kolkata India
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A Dy-based complex with the magnetic relaxation behavior regulated by enclosing one DyIII ion into a Calix[8]arene ligand. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Liu CM, Zhang DQ, Zhang YQ, Li M, Zhu DB. Both magnetic relaxation and luminescence of Zn2Dy2 cluster complexes regulated by the bis-imine chain in Schiff base ligands. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03659h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bis-imine bridge in Schiff base ligands has effects on the magnetic relaxation and luminescence of two Zn2Dy2 cluster complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Ming Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - De-Qing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Miao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Dao-Ben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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