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Polymers in High-Efficiency Solar Cells: The Latest Reports. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14101946. [PMID: 35631829 PMCID: PMC9143377 DOI: 10.3390/polym14101946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Third-generation solar cells, including dye-sensitized solar cells, bulk-heterojunction solar cells, and perovskite solar cells, are being intensively researched to obtain high efficiencies in converting solar energy into electricity. However, it is also important to note their stability over time and the devices' thermal or operating temperature range. Today's widely used polymeric materials are also used at various stages of the preparation of the complete device-it is worth mentioning that in dye-sensitized solar cells, suitable polymers can be used as flexible substrates counter-electrodes, gel electrolytes, and even dyes. In the case of bulk-heterojunction solar cells, they are used primarily as donor materials; however, there are reports in the literature of their use as acceptors. In perovskite devices, they are used as additives to improve the morphology of the perovskite, mainly as hole transport materials and also as additives to electron transport layers. Polymers, thanks to their numerous advantages, such as the possibility of practically any modification of their chemical structure and thus their physical and chemical properties, are increasingly used in devices that convert solar radiation into electrical energy, which is presented in this paper.
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Ferdowsi P, Saygili Y, Jazaeri F, Edvinsson T, Mokhtari J, Zakeeruddin SM, Liu Y, Grätzel M, Hagfeldt A. Molecular Engineering of Simple Metal-Free Organic Dyes Derived from Triphenylamine for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:212-220. [PMID: 31592574 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two new metal-free organic sensitizers, L156 and L224, were designed, synthesized, and characterized for application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The structures of the dyes contain a triphenylamine (TPA) segment and 4-(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid as electron-rich and -deficient moieties, respectively. Two different π bridges, thiophene and 4,8-bis(4-hexylphenyl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene, were used for L156 and L224, respectively. The influence of iodide/triiodide, [Co(bpy)3 ]2+/3+ (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine), and [Cu(tmby)2 ]2+/+ (tmby=4,4',6,6'-tetramethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) complexes as redox electrolytes and 18 NR-T and 30 NR-D transparent TiO2 films on the DSC device performance was investigated. The L156-based DSC with [Cu(tmby)2 ]2+/+ complexes as the redox electrolyte resulted in the best performance of 9.26 % and a remarkably high open-circuit voltage value of 1.1 V (1.096 V), with a short-circuit current of 12.2 mA cm-2 and a fill factor of 0.692, by using 30 NR-D TiO2 films. An efficiency of up to 21.9 % was achieved under a 1000 lx indoor light source, which proved that dye L156 was also an excellent candidate for indoor applications. The maximal monochromatic incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency of L156-30 NR-D reached up to 70 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parnian Ferdowsi
- Current affiliation: Soft Matter Physic, Adolph Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, 41635-3756, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yasemin Saygili
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farzan Jazaeri
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Integrated Circuits Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 2002, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Edvinsson
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics, Uppsala University, Box 534, 75121, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Javad Mokhtari
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, 41635-3756, Iran
| | - Shaik M Zakeeruddin
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yuhang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Keremane KS, Abdellah IM, Naik P, El-Shafei A, Adhikari AV. Simple thiophene-bridged D-π-A type chromophores for DSSCs: a comprehensive study of their sensitization and co-sensitization properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23169-23184. [PMID: 33025980 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02781b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the design and synthesis of four new thiophene-bridged D-π-A configured organic dyes T1-4 comprising different donors, π-spacers and anchoring units, as potential sensitizers and co-sensitizers for DSSCs. The current work also highlights their structural, photophysical, thermal, electrochemical, theoretical, and photoelectrochemical studies, including evaluation of their structure-property relationships. The optical results revealed that the dyes T1-4 display λabs and λemi in the range of 402-461 nm and 556-575 nm, respectively, with a bandgap in the order of 2.31-2.58 eV. Furthermore, the results showed that the dyes possess all the pre-requisites to act as sensitizers/co-sensitizers. Among the tested dyes, the device based on sensitizer T2 achieved the highest PCE compared to the other three dyes, under the standard conditions. Furthermore, their co-sensitized devices were fabricated by co-adsorbing them with the well-known Ru-based MH-12 sensitizer and interestingly the co-sensitizer T3 carrying an alkoxy group and a barbituric acid anchor displayed the highest PCE of 8.79%, which is much higher than that of MH-12 alone (8.18%). Conclusively, the study furnishes a deeper understanding of the intricacies involved in the structural modification of sensitizers/co-sensitizers in achieving an enhanced performance of the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya S Keremane
- Organic Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore-575025, India.
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Jia HL, Peng ZJ, Li SS, Huang CY, Guan MY. Self-Assembly by Coordination with Organic Antenna Chromophores for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15845-15852. [PMID: 30957484 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of new sensitizers and new sensitization methods is one of the important means to enhance the conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs); the ultimate goal is to broaden the spectral response of dyes, reduce electron recombination, and suppress dye aggregation. In this study, we have developed a series of new self-assembled dyes and applied them in DSSCs. We prepared two organic antenna chromophores S1 and S2 and coordinated them with two acceptors A1 and A2 via zinc to construct A-Zn-S series self-assembled dyes. This method is very simple and feasible and can avoid the complex synthesis steps of traditional dyes; the results show that the light-harvesting ability of devices can be improved and charge recombination can be reduced by adjusting the structures of the antenna chromophores and acceptors. The device with A2-Zn-S1 gave a power conversion efficiency of 4.25%, which was higher than those with A1-Zn-S1 (3.88%), A1-Zn-S2 (3.21%), and A2-Zn-S2 (3.52%); the main reason for this is that the different coordination combinations between the antenna chromophore and the acceptor show great differences in Voc and Jsc. The device based on A2-Zn-S1 showed a high Voc of 632 mV and a high Jsc of 9.54 mA cm-2; one reason for this is that S1 has better spectral responsiveness and another reason is that A2 has better steric resistance that effectively reduces charge recombination. Besides, IR spectra indicate that these self-assembled dyes anchored on a TiO2 surface by bicarboxyl anchoring groups are also very beneficial for improving the performance of dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lang Jia
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Advanced Functional Materials for Energy , Jiangsu University of Technology , Changzhou 213001 , P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jie Peng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Advanced Functional Materials for Energy , Jiangsu University of Technology , Changzhou 213001 , P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Advanced Functional Materials for Energy , Jiangsu University of Technology , Changzhou 213001 , P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Yan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control , Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044 , P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yun Guan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Advanced Functional Materials for Energy , Jiangsu University of Technology , Changzhou 213001 , P. R. China
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Jia HL, Peng ZJ, Gong BQ, Huang CY, Guan MY. New 2D–π–2A organic dyes with bipyridine anchoring groups for DSSCs. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00087a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new 2D–π–2A-type organic dyes with bipyridine anchoring groups were synthesized and applied in dye-sensitized solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lang Jia
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Advanced Functional Materials for Energy
- Jiangsu University of Technology
- Changzhou 213001
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jie Peng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Advanced Functional Materials for Energy
- Jiangsu University of Technology
- Changzhou 213001
- P. R. China
| | - Bing-Quan Gong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Advanced Functional Materials for Energy
- Jiangsu University of Technology
- Changzhou 213001
- P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Yan Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control
- Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology
- Nanjing 210044
| | - Ming-Yun Guan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Advanced Functional Materials for Energy
- Jiangsu University of Technology
- Changzhou 213001
- P. R. China
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