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Andrzejewska W, Peplińska B, Litowczenko J, Obstarczyk P, Olesiak-Bańska J, Jurga S, Lewandowski M. SARS-CoV-2 Virus-like Particles with Plasmonic Au Cores and S1-Spike Protein Coronas. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:2320-2328. [PMID: 37449651 PMCID: PMC10443039 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated the scientific world to intensify virus-related studies aimed at the development of quick and safe ways of detecting viruses in the human body, studying the virus-antibody and virus-cell interactions, and designing nanocarriers for targeted antiviral therapies. However, research on dangerous viruses can only be performed in certified laboratories that follow strict safety procedures. Thus, developing deactivated virus constructs or safe-to-use virus-like objects, which imitate real viruses and allow performing virus-related studies in any research laboratory, constitutes an important scientific challenge. Such species, called virus-like particles (VLPs), contain instead of capsids with viral DNA/RNA empty or synthetic cores with real virus proteins attached to them. We have developed a method for the preparation of VLPs imitating the virus responsible for the COVID-19 disease: the SARS-CoV-2. The particles have Au cores surrounded by "coronas" of S1 domains of the virus's spike protein. Importantly, they are safe to use and specifically interact with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Moreover, Au cores exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), which makes the synthesized VLPs suitable for biosensing applications. During the studies, the effect allowed us to visualize the interaction between the VLPs and the antibodies and identify the characteristic vibrational signals. What is more, additional functionalization of the particles with a fluorescent label revealed their potential in studying specific virus-related interactions. Notably, the universal character of the developed synthesis method makes it potentially applicable for fabricating VLPs imitating other life-threatening viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Andrzejewska
- NanoBioMedical
Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Peplińska
- NanoBioMedical
Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jagoda Litowczenko
- NanoBioMedical
Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Patryk Obstarczyk
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Wroclaw University
of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 2, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Olesiak-Bańska
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Wroclaw University
of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 2, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Stefan Jurga
- NanoBioMedical
Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Lewandowski
- NanoBioMedical
Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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2
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Vera CC, Borsarelli CD. Photo-induced protein modifications: a range of biological consequences and applications. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:569-576. [PMID: 37681095 PMCID: PMC10480124 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins are the most abundant biomolecules in living organisms and tissues and are also present in many natural and processed foods and beverages, as well as in pharmaceuticals and therapeutics. When exposed to UV-visible light, proteins containing endogenous or exogenous chromophores can undergo direct and indirect photochemical processes, resulting in protein modifications including oxidation of residues, cross-linking, proteolysis, covalent binding to molecules and interfaces, and conformational changes. When these modifications occur in an uncontrolled manner in a physiological context, they can lead to biological dysfunctions that ultimately result in cell death. However, rational design strategies involving light-activated protein modification have proven to be a valuable tool for the modulation of protein function or even for the construction of new biomaterials. This mini-review describes the fundamentals of photochemical processes in proteins and explores some of their emerging biomedical and nanobiotechnological applications, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), photobonding for wound healing, photobioprinting, photoimmobilization of biosensors and enzymes for sensing, and biocatalysis, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cecilia Vera
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología del NOA (INBIONATEC), CONICET. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN 9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Claudio Darío Borsarelli
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología del NOA (INBIONATEC), CONICET. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN 9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina
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3
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Campanile R, Elia VC, Minopoli A, Ud Din Babar Z, di Girolamo R, Morone A, Sakač N, Velotta R, Della Ventura B, Iannotti V. Magnetic micromixing for highly sensitive detection of glyphosate in tap water by colorimetric immunosensor. Talanta 2023; 253:123937. [PMID: 36179557 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the world and, in view of its toxicity, there is a quest for easy-to-use, but reliable methods to detect it in water. To address this issue, we realized a simple, rapid, and highly sensitive immunosensor based on gold coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs@Au) to detect glyphosate in tap water. Not only the gold shell provided a sensitive optical transduction of the biological signal - through the shift of the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) entailed by the nanoparticle aggregation -, but it also allowed us to use an effective photochemical immobilization technique to tether oriented antibodies straight on the nanoparticles surface. While such a feature led to aggregates in which the nanoparticles were at close proximity each other, the magnetic properties of the core offered us an efficient tool to steer the nanoparticles by a rotating magnetic field. As a result, the nanoparticle aggregation in presence of the target could take place at higher rate (enhanced diffusion) with significant improvement in sensitivity. As a matter of fact, the combination of plasmonic and magnetic properties within the same nanoparticles allowed us to realize a colorimetric biosensor with a limit of detection (LOD) of 20 ng∙L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Campanile
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Cosimo Elia
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Minopoli
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Zaheer Ud Din Babar
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy; Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), University of Naples Federico II, Largo S. Marcellino,10, 80138, Italy
| | - Rocco di Girolamo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Morone
- CNR - Istituto di Struttura Della Materia - Unità di Tito-Scalo Zona Industriale di Tito Scalo, 85050, Potenza, Italy
| | - Nikola Sakač
- Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering, University of Zagreb, Hallerova 7, 42000, Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Iannotti
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy; CNR - SPIN (Institute for Superconductors, Oxides and Other Innovative Materials and Devices), Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
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4
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Conrad M, Proll G, Builes-Münden E, Dietzel A, Wagner S, Gauglitz G. Tools to compare antibody gold nanoparticle conjugates for a small molecule immunoassay. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:62. [PMID: 36662292 PMCID: PMC9859872 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Antibody gold nanoparticle conjugates as recognition elements are essential for the overall performance of lateral flow assays. When immobilizing antibodies on gold nanoparticles, the challenge is to prevent aggregation and to ensure that the antibodies are correctly oriented so that they remain functional and their paratopes remain accessible. There are many methods available, and it is difficult to decide which one to use. To help selecting the most appropriate conjugate production method, different synthetic routes of binding antibodies to gold nanoparticles are systematically investigated for the purpose of a quantitative lateral flow test for small molecules. The direct comparison of different conjugate syntheses shows how to select a suitable conjugate for a lateral flow assay. The syntheses examined are direct adsorption of antibody, direct adsorption of reduced antibody, covalent binding to polyethylene glycol linker, and binding via biotin-streptavidin interaction. The conjugates are characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering to determine their stability. Their performance on structured lateral flow test strips is examined using calibrations for different amitriptyline concentrations. It was shown that the best conjugate for quantification of amitriptyline was realized by direct adsorption of an UV-light irradiated antibody to gold nanoparticles. The methods employed can serve as a guide for selecting the most appropriate conjugate for an application and enhance the performance of lateral flow assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Conrad
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry (IPTC), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Günther Proll
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry (IPTC), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Esteban Builes-Münden
- Institute of Microtechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Alte Salzdahlumer Straße 203, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Dietzel
- Institute of Microtechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Alte Salzdahlumer Straße 203, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sven Wagner
- OFFIS-Institut für Informatik, Escherweg 2, 26121, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Günter Gauglitz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry (IPTC), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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5
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McCourt KM, Cochran J, Abdelbasir SM, Carraway ER, Tzeng TRJ, Tsyusko OV, Vanegas DC. Potential Environmental and Health Implications from the Scaled-Up Production and Disposal of Nanomaterials Used in Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1082. [PMID: 36551049 PMCID: PMC9775545 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors often combine biological recognition elements with nanomaterials of varying compositions and dimensions to facilitate or enhance the operating mechanism of the device. While incorporating nanomaterials is beneficial to developing high-performance biosensors, at the stages of scale-up and disposal, it may lead to the unmanaged release of toxic nanomaterials. Here we attempt to foster connections between the domains of biosensors development and human and environmental toxicology to encourage a holistic approach to the development and scale-up of biosensors. We begin by exploring the toxicity of nanomaterials commonly used in biosensor design. From our analysis, we introduce five factors with a role in nanotoxicity that should be considered at the biosensor development stages to better manage toxicity. Finally, we contextualize the discussion by presenting the relevant stages and routes of exposure in the biosensor life cycle. Our review found little consensus on how the factors presented govern nanomaterial toxicity, especially in composite and alloyed nanomaterials. To bridge the current gap in understanding and mitigate the risks of uncontrolled nanomaterial release, we advocate for greater collaboration through a precautionary One Health approach to future development and a movement towards a circular approach to biosensor use and disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli M. McCourt
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics (GARD), Michigan State University, East Lancing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jarad Cochran
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Sabah M. Abdelbasir
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, P.O. Box 87, Helwan 11421, Egypt
| | - Elizabeth R. Carraway
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Tzuen-Rong J. Tzeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Olga V. Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Diana C. Vanegas
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics (GARD), Michigan State University, East Lancing, MI 48824, USA
- Interdisciplinary Group for Biotechnology Innovation and Ecosocial Change (BioNovo), Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia
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6
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Campanile R, Acunzo A, Scardapane E, Minopoli A, Martins VC, Di Girolamo R, Cardoso S, Velotta R, Della Ventura B, Iannotti V. Multifunctional Core@Satellite Magnetic Particles for Magnetoresistive Biosensors. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:36543-36550. [PMID: 36278054 PMCID: PMC9583337 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetoresistive (MR) biosensors combine distinctive features such as small size, low cost, good sensitivity, and propensity to be arrayed to perform multiplexed analysis. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the ideal target for this platform, especially if modified not only to overcome their intrinsic tendency to aggregate and lack of stability but also to realize an interacting surface suitable for biofunctionalization without strongly losing their magnetic response. Here, we describe an MR biosensor in which commercial MNP clusters were coated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and used to detect human IgG in water using an MR biochip that comprises six sensing regions, each one containing five U-shaped spin valve sensors. The isolated AuNPs (satellites) were stuck onto an aggregate of individual iron oxide crystals (core) so that the resulting core@satellite magnetic particles (CSMPs) could be functionalized by the photochemical immobilization technique-an easy procedure that leads to oriented antibodies immobilized upright onto gold. The morphological, optical, hydrodynamic, magnetic, and surface charge properties of CSMPs were compared with those exhibited by the commercial MNP clusters showing that the proposed coating procedure endows the MNP clusters with stability and ductility without being detrimental to magnetic properties. Eventually, the high-performance MR biosensor allowed us to detect human IgG in water with a detection limit of 13 pM (2 ng mL-1). Given its portability, the biosensor described in this paper lends itself to a point-of-care device; moreover, the features of the MR biochip also make it suitable for multiplexed analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Campanile
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126Naples, Italy
| | - Adriano Acunzo
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Scardapane
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Minopoli
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica C. Martins
- INESC—Microsistemas
e Nanotecnologias, Lisboa, Rua Alves Redol 9, 1000-049Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Naples Federico
II, Via Cintia 26, 80126Naples, Italy
| | - Susana Cardoso
- INESC—Microsistemas
e Nanotecnologias, Lisboa, Rua Alves Redol 9, 1000-049Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto
Superior Tecnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1649-004Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126Naples, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Iannotti
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126Naples, Italy
- CNR—SPIN
(Institute for Superconductors, Oxides and Other Innovative Materials
and Devices), Piazzale
V. Tecchio 80, 80125Naples, Italy
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7
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Experimental Study of a Quad-Band Metamaterial-Based Plasmonic Perfect Absorber as a Biosensor. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144576. [PMID: 35889446 PMCID: PMC9317817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a metamaterial-based perfect absorber (PA) that strongly supports four resonances covering a wide spectral range from 1.8 µm to 10 µm of the electromagnetic spectrum. The designed perfect absorber has metal–dielectric–metal layers where a MgF2 spacer is sandwiched between an optically thick gold film and patterned gold nanoantennas. The spectral tuning of PA is achieved by calibrating the geometrical parameters numerically and experimentally. The manufactured quad-band plasmonic PA absorbs light close to the unity. Moreover, the biosensing capacity of the PA is tested using a 14 kDa S100A9 antibody, which is a clinically relevant biomarker for brain metastatic cancer cells. We utilize a UV-based photochemical immobilization technique for patterning of the antibody monolayer on a gold surface. Our results reveal that the presented PA is eligible for ultrasensitive detection of such small biomarkers in a point-of-care device to potentially personalize radiotherapy for patients with brain metastases.
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8
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Babar ZUD, Della Ventura B, Velotta R, Iannotti V. Advances and emerging challenges in MXenes and their nanocomposites for biosensing applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:19590-19610. [PMID: 35865615 PMCID: PMC9258029 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02985e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have unique properties and their better functionality has created new paradigms in the field of sensing. Over the past decade, a new family of 2D materials known as MXenes has emerged as a promising material for numerous applications, including biosensing. Their metallic conductivity, rich surface chemistry, hydrophilicity, good biocompatibility, and high anchoring capacity for biomaterials make them an attractive candidate to detect a variety of analytes. Despite such notable properties, there are certain limitations associated with them. This review aims to present a detailed survey of MXene's synthesis; in particular, their superiority in the field of biosensing as compared to other 2D materials is addressed. Their low oxidative stability is still an open challenge, and recent investigations on MXene's oxidation are summarized. The hexagonal stacking network of MXenes acts as a distinctive matrix to load nanoparticles, and the embedded nanoparticles can bind an excess number of biomolecules (e.g., antibodies) thereby improving biosensor performance. We will also discuss the synthesis and corresponding performance of MXenes nanocomposites with noble metal nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles. Furthermore, Nb and Ti2C-based MXenes, and Ti3C2-MXene sandwich immunoassays are also reviewed in view of their importance. Different aspects and challenges associated with MXenes (from their synthesis to final applications) and the future perspectives described give new directions to fabricate novel biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Ud Din Babar
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), University of Naples Federico II Largo S. Marcellino, 10 80138 Italy
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia 26 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia 26 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia 26 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Vincenzo Iannotti
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia 26 80126 Naples Italy
- CNR-SPIN (Institute for Superconductors, Oxides and Other Innovative Materials and Devices) Piazzale V. Tecchio 80 80125 Naples Italy
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9
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Kiremitler NB, Kemerli MZ, Kayaci N, Karagoz S, Pekdemir S, Sarp G, Sanduvac S, Onses MS, Yilmaz E. Nanostructures for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of SARS-CoV-2: A Review. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:6029-6054. [PMID: 37552745 PMCID: PMC8905929 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.2c00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Scientists, doctors, engineers, and even entire societies have become aware of the seriousness of the COVID-19 infection and are taking action quickly, using all the tools from protection to treatment against coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Especially in this sense, scientific approaches and materials using nanotechnology are frequently preferred. In this review, we focus on how nanoscience and nanotechnology approaches can be used for protective equipment, diagnostic and treatment methods, medicine, and vaccine applications to stop the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and prevent its spread. SARS-CoV-2, which itself can be considered as a core-shell nanoparticle, can interact with various materials around it and remain bound for variable periods of time while maintaining its bioactivity. These applications are especially critical for the controlled use of disinfection systems. One of the most important processes in the fight against coronavirus is the rapid diagnosis of the virus in humans and the initiation of isolation and treatment processes. The development of nanotechnology-based test and diagnostic kits is another important research thrust. Nanotechnological therapeutics based on antiviral drug design and nanoarchitecture vaccines have been vital. Nanotechnology plays critical roles in the production of protective film surfaces for self-cleaning and antiviral masks, gloves, and laboratory clothes. An overview of literature studies highlighting nanotechnology and nanomaterial-based approaches to combat SARS-CoV-2 is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Burak Kiremitler
- ERNAM-Erciyes University Nanotechnology
Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Munteha Zeynep Kemerli
- Drug Application and Research Center,
Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- Department of Health Services, Halil Bayraktar
Vocational College, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Nilgun Kayaci
- ERNAM-Erciyes University Nanotechnology
Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Sultan Karagoz
- ERNAM-Erciyes University Nanotechnology
Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Sami Pekdemir
- ERNAM-Erciyes University Nanotechnology
Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- Department of Airframes and Powerplants, Erciyes
University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Sarp
- ERNAM-Erciyes University Nanotechnology
Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes
University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Senem Sanduvac
- ERNAM-Erciyes University Nanotechnology
Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- Bünyan Vocational College, Kayseri
University, 38280 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Serdar Onses
- ERNAM-Erciyes University Nanotechnology
Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Erkan Yilmaz
- ERNAM-Erciyes University Nanotechnology
Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes
University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
- Technology Research & Application
Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
- ChemicaMed Chemical Inc., Erciyes
University Technology Development Zone, 38039 Kayseri,
Turkey
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10
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Abstract
In the last few decades, plasmonic colorimetric biosensors raised increasing interest in bioanalytics thanks to their cost-effectiveness, responsiveness, and simplicity as compared to conventional laboratory techniques. Potential high-throughput screening and easy-to-use assay procedures make them also suitable for realizing point of care devices. Nevertheless, several challenges such as fabrication complexity, laborious biofunctionalization, and poor sensitivity compromise their technological transfer from research laboratories to industry and, hence, still hamper their adoption on large-scale. However, newly-developing plasmonic colorimetric biosensors boast impressive sensing performance in terms of sensitivity, dynamic range, limit of detection, reliability, and specificity thereby continuously encouraging further researches. In this review, recently reported plasmonic colorimetric biosensors are discussed with a focus on the following categories: (i) on-platform-based (localized surface plasmon resonance, coupled plasmon resonance and surface lattice resonance); (ii) colloid aggregation-based (label-based and label free); (iii) colloid non-aggregation-based (nanozyme, etching-based and growth-based).
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11
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Minopoli A, Scardapane E, Ventura BD, Tanner JA, Offenhäusser A, Mayer D, Velotta R. Double-Resonant Nanostructured Gold Surface for Multiplexed Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6417-6427. [PMID: 35089707 PMCID: PMC8832399 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel double-resonant plasmonic substrate for fluorescence amplification in a chip-based apta-immunoassay is herein reported. The amplification mechanism relies on plasmon-enhanced fluorescence (PEF) effect. The substrate consists of an assembly of plasmon-coupled and plasmon-uncoupled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) immobilized onto a glass slide. Plasmon-coupled AuNPs are hexagonally arranged along branch patterns whose resonance lies in the red band (∼675 nm). Plasmon-uncoupled AuNPs are sprinkled onto the substrate, and they exhibit a narrow resonance at 524 nm. Numerical simulations of the plasmonic response of the substrate through the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method reveal the presence of electromagnetic hot spots mainly confined in the interparticle junctions. In order to realize a PEF-based device for potential multiplexing applications, the plasmon resonances are coupled with the emission peak of 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-FAM) fluorophore and with the excitation/emission peaks of cyanine 5 (Cy5). The substrate is implemented in a malaria apta-immunoassay to detect Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH) in human whole blood. Antibodies against Plasmodium biomarkers constitute the capture layer, whereas fluorescently labeled aptamers recognizing PfLDH are adopted as the top layer. The fluorescence emitted by 5-FAM and Cy5 fluorophores are linearly correlated (logarithm scale) to the PfLDH concentration over five decades. The limits of detection are 50 pM (1.6 ng/mL) with the 5-FAM probe and 260 fM (8.6 pg./mL) with the Cy5 probe. No sample preconcentration and complex pretreatments are required. Average fluorescence amplifications of 160 and 4500 are measured in the 5-FAM and Cy5 channel, respectively. These results are reasonably consistent with those worked out by FDTD simulations. The implementation of the proposed approach in multiwell-plate-based bioassays would lead to either signal redundancy (two dyes for a single analyte) or to a simultaneous detection of two analytes by different dyes, the latter being a key step toward high-throughput analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Minopoli
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Institute
of Biological Information Processing (IBI-3), Bioelectronics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Emanuela Scardapane
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Julian A. Tanner
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong
Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andreas Offenhäusser
- Institute
of Biological Information Processing (IBI-3), Bioelectronics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Institute
of Biological Information Processing (IBI-3), Bioelectronics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Department
of Physics “E. Pancini”, University
Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
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12
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Zhao J, Zhao F, Li H, Xiong Y, Cai S, Wang C, Chen Y, Han N, Yang R. Magnet-assisted electrochemical immunosensor based on surface-clean Pd-Au nanosheets for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Electrochim Acta 2022; 404:139766. [PMID: 34961798 PMCID: PMC8696018 DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tracking and monitoring of low concentrations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can effectively control asymptomatic transmission of current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the early stages of infection. Here, we highlight an electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen marker spike protein. The surface-clean Pd-Au nanosheets as a substrate for efficient sensing and signal output have been synthesized. The morphology, chemical states and excellent stable electrochemical properties of this surface-clean heterostructures have been studied. Functionalized superparamagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were introduced as sample separators and signal amplifiers. This biosensor was tested in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and nasopharyngeal samples. The results showed that the sensor has a wide linear dynamic range (0.01 ng mL−1 to 1000 ng mL−1) with a low detection limit (0.0072 ng mL−1), which achieved stable and sensitive detection of the spike protein. Therefore, this immunosensing method provides a promising electrochemical measurement tool, which can furnish ideas for early screening and the reasonable optimization of detection methods of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China.,Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haolin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China.,Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Youlin Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shuangfei Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yunfa Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Han
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China.,Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Wang X, Zhang Z, Wu G, Xu C, Wu J, Zhang X, Liu J. Applications of electrochemical biosensors based on functional antibody-modified screen-printed electrodes: a review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 14:7-16. [PMID: 34877580 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01570b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The detection of biomolecular analytes is of great importance in clinical, environmental, and argo-food areas, among which the electrochemical methodology is attracting much attention. In particular, screen-printed electrode (SPE)-based sensing applications have exhibited potential possibility for on-site detection, especially for fast clinical biomarker detection, since they provide a miniaturized but robust and portable electrode detection system. In this context, we focused on the modification of SPE with functional antibodies to improve the electrochemical detection performance in versatile sensing applications, particularly for COVID-19 detection. These antibodies were immobilized onto the electrode surface via various methodologies, through which the powerful potential from the modification of SPE was revealed. Finally, more novel and excellent works on the biomolecular modification of SPE and the prospects of this technology from its state-of-art status to commercialization are previewed and future perspectives in this field are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyao Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenqi Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Guolin Wu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Chunxia Xu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
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14
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Vázquez M, Anfossi L, Ben-Yoav H, Diéguez L, Karopka T, Della Ventura B, Abalde-Cela S, Minopoli A, Di Nardo F, Shukla VK, Teixeira A, Tvarijonaviciute A, Franco-Martínez L. Use of some cost-effective technologies for a routine clinical pathology laboratory. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:4330-4351. [PMID: 34664599 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00658d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Classically, the need for highly sophisticated instruments with important economic costs has been a major limiting factor for clinical pathology laboratories, especially in developing countries. With the aim of making clinical pathology more accessible, a wide variety of free or economical technologies have been developed worldwide in the last few years. 3D printing and Arduino approaches can provide up to 94% economical savings in hardware and instrumentation in comparison to commercial alternatives. The vast selection of point-of-care-tests (POCT) currently available also limits the need for specific instruments or personnel, as they can be used almost anywhere and by anyone. Lastly, there are dozens of free and libre digital tools available in health informatics. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art on cost-effective alternatives with applications in routine clinical pathology laboratories. In this context, a variety of technologies including 3D printing and Arduino, lateral flow assays, plasmonic biosensors, and microfluidics, as well as laboratory information systems, are discussed. This review aims to serve as an introduction to different technologies that can make clinical pathology more accessible and, therefore, contribute to achieve universal health coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Vázquez
- National Centre For Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Laura Anfossi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Giuria, 5, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Hadar Ben-Yoav
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Lorena Diéguez
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory - INL, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sara Abalde-Cela
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory - INL, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Antonio Minopoli
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Giuria, 5, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Vikas Kumar Shukla
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Alexandra Teixeira
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory - INL, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Lorena Franco-Martínez
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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15
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Britt HM, Cragnolini T, Thalassinos K. Integration of Mass Spectrometry Data for Structural Biology. Chem Rev 2021; 122:7952-7986. [PMID: 34506113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) is increasingly being used to probe the structure and dynamics of proteins and the complexes they form with other macromolecules. There are now several specialized MS methods, each with unique sample preparation, data acquisition, and data processing protocols. Collectively, these methods are referred to as structural MS and include cross-linking, hydrogen-deuterium exchange, hydroxyl radical footprinting, native, ion mobility, and top-down MS. Each of these provides a unique type of structural information, ranging from composition and stoichiometry through to residue level proximity and solvent accessibility. Structural MS has proved particularly beneficial in studying protein classes for which analysis by classic structural biology techniques proves challenging such as glycosylated or intrinsically disordered proteins. To capture the structural details for a particular system, especially larger multiprotein complexes, more than one structural MS method with other structural and biophysical techniques is often required. Key to integrating these diverse data are computational strategies and software solutions to facilitate this process. We provide a background to the structural MS methods and briefly summarize other structural methods and how these are combined with MS. We then describe current state of the art approaches for the integration of structural MS data for structural biology. We quantify how often these methods are used together and provide examples where such combinations have been fruitful. To illustrate the power of integrative approaches, we discuss progress in solving the structures of the proteasome and the nuclear pore complex. We also discuss how information from structural MS, particularly pertaining to protein dynamics, is not currently utilized in integrative workflows and how such information can provide a more accurate picture of the systems studied. We conclude by discussing new developments in the MS and computational fields that will further enable in-cell structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Britt
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Tristan Cragnolini
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.,Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Thalassinos
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.,Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom
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16
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Derakhshan MA, Amani A, Faridi-Majidi R. State-of-the-Art of Nanodiagnostics and Nanotherapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14816-14843. [PMID: 33779135 PMCID: PMC8028022 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, with millions of infected patients worldwide, has severely challenged all aspects of public health. In this regard, early and rapid detection of infected cases and providing effective therapeutics against the virus are in urgent demand. Along with conventional clinical protocols, nanomaterial-based diagnostics and therapeutics hold a great potential against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Indeed, nanoparticles with their outstanding characteristics would render additional advantages to the current approaches for rapid and accurate diagnosis and also developing prophylactic vaccines or antiviral therapeutics. In this review, besides presenting an overview of the coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, we discuss the introduced nanomaterial-based detection assays and devices and also antiviral formulations and vaccines for coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Derakhshan
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and
Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nanomedicine
and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran
| | - Amir Amani
- Natural
Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi-Majidi
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Randomly positioned gold nanoparticles as fluorescence enhancers in apta-immunosensor for malaria test. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:88. [PMID: 33594523 PMCID: PMC7886758 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A plasmon-enhanced fluorescence-based antibody-aptamer biosensor - consisting of gold nanoparticles randomly immobilized onto a glass substrate via electrostatic self-assembly - is described for specific detection of proteins in whole blood. Analyte recognition is realized through a sandwich scheme with a capture bioreceptor layer of antibodies - covalently immobilized onto the gold nanoparticle surface in upright orientation and close-packed configuration by photochemical immobilization technique (PIT) - and a top bioreceptor layer of fluorescently labelled aptamers. Such a sandwich configuration warrants not only extremely high specificity, but also an ideal fluorophore-nanostructure distance (approximately 10-15 nm) for achieving strong fluorescence amplification. For a specific application, we tested the biosensor performance in a case study for the detection of malaria-related marker Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH). The proposed biosensor can specifically detect PfLDH in spiked whole blood down to 10 pM (0.3 ng/mL) without any sample pretreatment. The combination of simple and scalable fabrication, potentially high-throughput analysis, and excellent sensing performance provides a new approach to biosensing with significant advantages compared to conventional fluorescence immunoassays.
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18
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Ultrasensitive antibody-aptamer plasmonic biosensor for malaria biomarker detection in whole blood. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6134. [PMID: 33262332 PMCID: PMC7708447 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of plasmonic biosensors combining reliability and ease of use is still a challenge. Gold nanoparticle arrays made by block copolymer micelle nanolithography (BCMN) stand out for their scalability, cost-effectiveness and tunable plasmonic properties, making them ideal substrates for fluorescence enhancement. Here, we describe a plasmon-enhanced fluorescence immunosensor for the specific and ultrasensitive detection of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH)—a malaria marker—in whole blood. Analyte recognition is realized by oriented antibodies immobilized in a close-packed configuration via the photochemical immobilization technique (PIT), with a top bioreceptor of nucleic acid aptamers recognizing a different surface of PfLDH in a sandwich conformation. The combination of BCMN and PIT enabled maximum control over the nanoparticle size and lattice constant as well as the distance of the fluorophore from the sensing surface. The device achieved a limit of detection smaller than 1 pg/mL (<30 fM) with very high specificity without any sample pretreatment. This limit of detection is several orders of magnitude lower than that found in malaria rapid diagnostic tests or even commercial ELISA kits. Thanks to its overall dimensions, ease of use and high-throughput analysis, the device can be used as a substrate in automated multi-well plate readers and improve the efficiency of conventional fluorescence immunoassays. Reliable plasmonic biosensors with high throughput and ease of use are highly sought after. Here, the authors report a plasmon-enhanced fluorescence antibody-aptamer biosensor based on a gold nanoparticle array, and demonstrate its use for effective specific detection of a malaria marker, at femtomolar level, in whole blood.
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19
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Barucci A, D'Andrea C, Farnesi E, Banchelli M, Amicucci C, de Angelis M, Hwang B, Matteini P. Label-free SERS detection of proteins based on machine learning classification of chemo-structural determinants. Analyst 2020; 146:674-682. [PMID: 33210104 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02137g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Establishing standardized methods for a consistent analysis of spectral data remains a largely underexplored aspect in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), particularly applied to biological and biomedical research. Here we propose an effective machine learning classification of protein species with closely resembled spectral profiles by a mixed data processing based on principal component analysis (PCA) applied to multipeak fitting on SERS spectra. This strategy simultaneously assures a successful discrimination of proteins and a thorough characterization of the chemostructural differences among them, ultimately opening up new routes for SERS evolution toward sensing applications and diagnostics of interest in life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Barucci
- Institute of Applied Physics "Nello Carrara", Italian National Research Council, via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, I-50019, Italy.
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20
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Ventura BD, Cennamo M, Minopoli A, Campanile R, Censi SB, Terracciano D, Portella G, Velotta R. Colorimetric Test for Fast Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasal and Throat Swabs. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3043-3048. [PMID: 32989986 PMCID: PMC7534800 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mass testing is fundamental to face the pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 discovered at the end of 2019. To this aim, it is necessary to establish reliable, fast, and cheap tools to detect viral particles in biological material so to identify the people capable of spreading the infection. We demonstrate that a colorimetric biosensor based on gold nanoparticle (AuNP) interaction induced by SARS-CoV-2 lends itself as an outstanding tool for detecting viral particles in nasal and throat swabs. The extinction spectrum of a colloidal solution of multiple viral-target gold nanoparticles-AuNPs functionalized with antibodies targeting three surface proteins of SARS-CoV-2 (spike, envelope, and membrane)-is red-shifted in few minutes when mixed with a solution containing the viral particle. The optical density of the mixed solution measured at 560 nm was compared to the threshold cycle (Ct) of a real-time PCR (gold standard for detecting the presence of viruses) finding that the colorimetric method is able to detect very low viral load with a detection limit approaching that of the real-time PCR. Since the method is sensitive to the infecting viral particle rather than to its RNA, the achievements reported here open a new perspective not only in the context of the current and possible future pandemics, but also in microbiology, as the biosensor proves itself to be a powerful though simple tool for measuring the viral particle concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Dipartimento di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 26 Ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Michele Cennamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Minopoli
- Dipartimento di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 26 Ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Campanile
- Dipartimento di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 26 Ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Terracciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Portella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Dipartimento di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 26 Ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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21
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Ventura BD, Cennamo M, Minopoli A, Campanile R, Censi SB, Terracciano D, Portella G, Velotta R. Colorimetric Test for Fast Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasal and Throat Swabs. ACS Sens 2020. [PMID: 32989986 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c0174210.1021/acssensors.0c01742.s001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Mass testing is fundamental to face the pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 discovered at the end of 2019. To this aim, it is necessary to establish reliable, fast, and cheap tools to detect viral particles in biological material so to identify the people capable of spreading the infection. We demonstrate that a colorimetric biosensor based on gold nanoparticle (AuNP) interaction induced by SARS-CoV-2 lends itself as an outstanding tool for detecting viral particles in nasal and throat swabs. The extinction spectrum of a colloidal solution of multiple viral-target gold nanoparticles-AuNPs functionalized with antibodies targeting three surface proteins of SARS-CoV-2 (spike, envelope, and membrane)-is red-shifted in few minutes when mixed with a solution containing the viral particle. The optical density of the mixed solution measured at 560 nm was compared to the threshold cycle (Ct) of a real-time PCR (gold standard for detecting the presence of viruses) finding that the colorimetric method is able to detect very low viral load with a detection limit approaching that of the real-time PCR. Since the method is sensitive to the infecting viral particle rather than to its RNA, the achievements reported here open a new perspective not only in the context of the current and possible future pandemics, but also in microbiology, as the biosensor proves itself to be a powerful though simple tool for measuring the viral particle concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Dipartimento di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 26 Ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Michele Cennamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Minopoli
- Dipartimento di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 26 Ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Campanile
- Dipartimento di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 26 Ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Terracciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Portella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Dipartimento di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 26 Ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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22
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Campanile R, Scardapane E, Forente A, Granata C, Germano R, Di Girolamo R, Minopoli A, Velotta R, Della Ventura B, Iannotti V. Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles for Highly Sensitive Magnetoelastic Immunosensor. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1526. [PMID: 32759707 PMCID: PMC7466411 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A magnetoelastic (ME) biosensor for wireless detection of analytes in liquid is described. The ME biosensor was tested against human IgG in the range 0-20 μg∙mL-1. The sensing elements, anti-human IgG produced in goat, were immobilized on the surface of the sensor by using a recently introduced photochemical immobilization technique (PIT), whereas a new amplification protocol exploiting gold coated magnetic nanoparticles (core-shell nanoparticles) is demonstrated to significantly enhance the sensitivity. The gold nanoflowers grown on the magnetic core allowed us to tether anti-human IgG to the nanoparticles to exploit the sandwich detection scheme. The experimental results show that the 6 mm × 1 mm × 30 μm ME biosensor with an amplification protocol that uses magnetic nanoparticles has a limit of detection (LOD) lower than 1 nM, works well in water, and has a rapid response time of few minutes. Therefore, the ME biosensor is very promising for real-time wireless detection of pathogens in liquids and for real life diagnostic purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Campanile
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (R.C.); (E.S.); (A.F.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (B.D.V.)
- PROMETE Srl, CNR Spin off, Piazzale Tecchio, 45 80125 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Scardapane
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (R.C.); (E.S.); (A.F.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (B.D.V.)
- PROMETE Srl, CNR Spin off, Piazzale Tecchio, 45 80125 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Antonio Forente
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (R.C.); (E.S.); (A.F.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (B.D.V.)
| | - Carmine Granata
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of the National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
- Department of Mathematics and Physics-University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Viale Abramo Lincoln 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Roberto Germano
- PROMETE Srl, CNR Spin off, Piazzale Tecchio, 45 80125 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Antonio Minopoli
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (R.C.); (E.S.); (A.F.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (B.D.V.)
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (R.C.); (E.S.); (A.F.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (B.D.V.)
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of the National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (R.C.); (E.S.); (A.F.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (B.D.V.)
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of the National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Iannotti
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (R.C.); (E.S.); (A.F.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (B.D.V.)
- Institute for Superconducting, Oxides and other Innovative Materials and Devices of the National Research Council (CNR-SPIN), Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, I-80125 Napoli, Italy
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23
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Quaglio D, Mangiardi L, Venditti G, Del Plato C, Polli F, Ghirga F, Favero G, Pierini M, Botta B, Mazzei F. Site‐Directed Antibody Immobilization by Resorc[4]arene‐Based Immunosensors. Chemistry 2020; 26:8400-8406. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Quaglio
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsDepartment of Excellence 2018–2022Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Laura Mangiardi
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsDepartment of Excellence 2018–2022Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
- Center For Life Nano Science@SapienzaIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia Viale Regina Elena 291 00161 Rome Italy
| | - Giulia Venditti
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsDepartment of Excellence 2018–2022Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Cristina Del Plato
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsDepartment of Excellence 2018–2022Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
- Center For Life Nano Science@SapienzaIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia Viale Regina Elena 291 00161 Rome Italy
| | - Francesca Polli
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsDepartment of Excellence 2018–2022Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Center For Life Nano Science@SapienzaIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia Viale Regina Elena 291 00161 Rome Italy
| | - Gabriele Favero
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsDepartment of Excellence 2018–2022Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Marco Pierini
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsDepartment of Excellence 2018–2022Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsDepartment of Excellence 2018–2022Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Franco Mazzei
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsDepartment of Excellence 2018–2022Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
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24
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Cimafonte M, Fulgione A, Gaglione R, Papaianni M, Capparelli R, Arciello A, Bolletti Censi S, Borriello G, Velotta R, Della Ventura B. Screen Printed Based Impedimetric Immunosensor for Rapid Detection of Escherichia coli in Drinking Water. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20010274. [PMID: 31947810 PMCID: PMC6982893 DOI: 10.3390/s20010274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of a simple and low cost electrochemical impedance immunosensor based on screen printed gold electrode for rapid detection of Escherichia coli in water is reported. The immunosensor is fabricated by immobilizing anti-E. coli antibodies onto a gold surface in a covalent way by the photochemical immobilization technique, a simple procedure able to bind antibodies upright onto gold surfaces. Impedance spectra are recorded in 0.01 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) containing 10 mM Fe(CN)63−/Fe(CN)64− as redox probe. The Nyquist plots can be modelled with a modified Randles circuit, identifying the charge transfer resistance Rct as the relevant parameter after the immobilization of antibodies, the blocking with BSA and the binding of E. coli. The introduction of a standard amplification procedure leads to a significant enhancement of the impedance increase, which allows one to measure E. coli in drinking water with a limit of detection of 3 × 101 CFU mL−1 while preserving the rapidity of the method that requires only 1 h to provide a “yes/no” response. Additionally, by applying the Langmuir adsorption model, we are able to describe the change of Rct in terms of the “effective” electrode, which is modified by the detection of the analyte whose microscopic conducting properties can be quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cimafonte
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (R.V.)
| | - Andrea Fulgione
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (G.B.)
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università, 133, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (M.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosa Gaglione
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (A.A.)
| | - Marina Papaianni
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università, 133, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (M.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosanna Capparelli
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università, 133, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (M.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Angela Arciello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Giorgia Borriello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (G.B.)
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (R.V.)
| | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence:
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25
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Banchelli M, Cascella R, D'Andrea C, Cabaj L, Osticioli I, Ciofini D, Li MS, Skupień K, de Angelis M, Siano S, Cecchi C, Pini R, La Penna G, Chiti F, Matteini P. Nanoscopic insights into the surface conformation of neurotoxic amyloid β oligomers. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21907-21913. [PMID: 35516647 PMCID: PMC9054531 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03799k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy assisted by localized plasmon resonances generating effective hot spots at the gaps between intertwined silver nanowires is herein adopted to unravel characteristic molecular motifs on the surface of Aβ42 misfolded oligomers that are critical in driving intermolecular interactions in neurodegeneration. Unraveling characteristic structural determinants at the basis of Aβ42 oligomers' neurotoxicity by a sub-molecular SERS investigation of their surface.![]()
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