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Anyfanti G, Husanu E, Andrusenko I, Marchetti D, Gemmi M. The crystal structure of olanzapine form III. IUCRJ 2024; 11:843-848. [PMID: 39072705 PMCID: PMC11364035 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252524007383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The antipsychotic drug olanzapine is well known for its complex polymorphism. Although widely investigated, the crystal structure of one of its anhydrous polymorphs, form III, is still unknown. Its appearance, always in concomitance with forms II and I, and the impossibility of isolating it from that mixture, have prevented its structure determination so far. The scenario has changed with the emerging field of 3D electron diffraction (3D ED) and its great advantages in the characterization of polyphasic mixtures of nanosized crystals. In this study, we show how the application of 3D ED allows the ab initio structure determination and dynamical refinement of this elusive crystal structure that remained unknown for more than 20 years. Olanzapine form III is monoclinic and shows a similar but shifted packing with respect to form II. It is remarkably different from the lowest-energy structures predicted by the energy-minimization algorithms of crystal structure prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goulielmina Anyfanti
- Electron CrystallographyIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia (ITT)Viale Rianaldo Piaggio 34Pontedera56025Italy
| | - Elena Husanu
- Electron CrystallographyIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia (ITT)Viale Rianaldo Piaggio 34Pontedera56025Italy
| | - Iryna Andrusenko
- Electron CrystallographyIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia (ITT)Viale Rianaldo Piaggio 34Pontedera56025Italy
| | - Danilo Marchetti
- Electron CrystallographyIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia (ITT)Viale Rianaldo Piaggio 34Pontedera56025Italy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/AParma43124Italy
| | - Mauro Gemmi
- Electron CrystallographyIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia (ITT)Viale Rianaldo Piaggio 34Pontedera56025Italy
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2
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Chen B, Xu X. Discriminating and understanding molecular crystal polymorphism. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:969-979. [PMID: 36585855 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymorph discrimination for a molecular crystal has long been a challenging task, which, nonetheless, is a major concern in the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, we have investigated polymorph discrimination on three different molecular crystals, tetrolic acid, oxalic acid, and oxalyl dihydrazide, covering both packing polymorphism and conformational polymorphism. To gain more understanding, we have performed energy decomposition analysis based on many-body expansion, and have compared the results from the XO-PBC method, that is, the eXtended ONIOM method (XO) with the periodic boundary condition (PBC), with those from some commonly used dispersion corrected density functional theory (DFT-D) methods. It is shown here that, with the XYG3 doubly hybrid functional chosen as the target high level to capture the intra- and short-range intermolecular interactions, and the periodic PBE as the basic low level to take long range interactions into account, the XO-PBC(XYG3:PBE) method not only obtains the correct experimental stability orderings, but also predicts reasonable polymorph energy ranges for all three cases. Our results have demonstrated the usefulness of the present theoretical methods, in particular XO-PBC, while highlighted the importance of a better treatment of different kinds of interactions to be beneficial to polymorph control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China
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3
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Price AJA, Otero-de-la-Roza A, Johnson ER. XDM-corrected hybrid DFT with numerical atomic orbitals predicts molecular crystal lattice energies with unprecedented accuracy. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1252-1262. [PMID: 36756332 PMCID: PMC9891363 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05997e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular crystals are important for many applications, including energetic materials, organic semiconductors, and the development and commercialization of pharmaceuticals. The exchange-hole dipole moment (XDM) dispersion model has shown good performance in the calculation of relative and absolute lattice energies of molecular crystals, although it has traditionally been applied in combination with plane-wave/pseudopotential approaches. This has limited XDM to use with semilocal functional approximations, which suffer from delocalization error and poor quality conformational energies, and to systems with a few hundreds of atoms at most due to unfavorable scaling. In this work, we combine XDM with numerical atomic orbitals, which enable the efficient use of XDM-corrected hybrid functionals for molecular crystals. We test the new XDM-corrected functionals for their ability to predict the lattice energies of molecular crystals for the X23 set and 13 ice phases, the latter being a particularly stringent test. A composite approach using a XDM-corrected, 25% hybrid functional based on B86bPBE achieves a mean absolute error of 0.48 kcal mol-1 per molecule for the X23 set and 0.19 kcal mol-1 for the total lattice energies of the ice phases, compared to recent diffusion Monte-Carlo data. These results make the new XDM-corrected hybrids not only far more computationally efficient than previous XDM implementations, but also the most accurate density-functional methods for molecular crystal lattice energies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair J. A. Price
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University6274 Coburg RdHalifaxB3H 4R2Nova ScotiaCanada
| | - Alberto Otero-de-la-Roza
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica and MALTA-Consolider Team, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo 33006 Spain
| | - Erin R. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University6274 Coburg RdHalifaxB3H 4R2Nova ScotiaCanada
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4
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Wade J, Salerno F, Kilbride RC, Kim DK, Schmidt JA, Smith JA, LeBlanc LM, Wolpert EH, Adeleke AA, Johnson ER, Nelson J, Mori T, Jelfs KE, Heutz S, Fuchter MJ. Controlling anisotropic properties by manipulating the orientation of chiral small molecules. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1383-1389. [PMID: 36302869 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01044-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chiral π-conjugated molecules bring new functionality to technological applications and represent an exciting, rapidly expanding area of research. Their functional properties, such as the absorption and emission of circularly polarized light or the transport of spin-polarized electrons, are highly anisotropic. As a result, the orientation of chiral molecules critically determines the functionality and efficiency of chiral devices. Here we present a strategy to control the orientation of a small chiral molecule (2,2'-dicyano[6]helicene) by the use of organic and inorganic templating layers. Such templating layers can either force 2,2'-dicyano[6]helicene to adopt a face-on orientation and self-assemble into upright supramolecular columns oriented with their helical axis perpendicular to the substrate, or an edge-on orientation with parallel-lying supramolecular columns. Through such control, we show that low- and high-energy chiroptical responses can be independently 'turned on' or 'turned off'. The templating methodologies described here provide a simple way to engineer orientational control and, by association, anisotropic functional properties of chiral molecular systems for a range of emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wade
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Francesco Salerno
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel C Kilbride
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Dong Kuk Kim
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Julia A Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joel A Smith
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luc M LeBlanc
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Emma H Wolpert
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Adebayo A Adeleke
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Erin R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jenny Nelson
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sandrine Heutz
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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5
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Weatherby JA, Rumson AF, Price AJA, Otero de la Roza A, Johnson ER. A density-functional benchmark of vibrational free-energy corrections for molecular crystal polymorphism. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:114108. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0083082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many crystal structure prediction protocols only concern themselves with the electronic energy of molecular crystals. However, vibrational contributions to the free energy ( Fvib) can be significant in determining accurate stability rankings for crystal candidates. While force-field studies have been conducted to gauge the magnitude of these free-energy corrections, highly accurate results from quantum mechanical methods, such as density-functional theory (DFT), are desirable. Here, we introduce the PV17 set of 17 polymorphic pairs of organic molecular crystals, for which plane wave DFT is used to calculate the vibrational free energies and free-energy differences (Δ Fvib) between each pair. Our DFT results confirm that the vibrational free-energy corrections are small, having a mean value of 1.0 kJ/mol and a maximum value of 2.3 kJ/mol for the PV17 set. Furthermore, we assess the accuracy of a series of lower-cost DFT, semi-empirical, and force-field models for computing Δ Fvib that have been proposed in the literature. It is found that calculating Fvib using the Γ-point frequencies does not provide Δ Fvib values of sufficiently high quality. In addition, Δ Fvib values calculated using various approximate methods have mean absolute errors relative to our converged DFT results of equivalent or larger magnitude than the vibrational free-energy corrections themselves. Thus, we conclude that, in a crystal structure prediction protocol, it is preferable to forego the inclusion of vibrational free-energy corrections than to estimate them with any of the approximate methods considered here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Weatherby
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Adrian F. Rumson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Alastair J. A. Price
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Alberto Otero de la Roza
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica and MALTA Consolider Team, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Erin R. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, 6310 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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6
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Zheng K, Li D, Jiang L, Li X, Xie C, Feng L, Qin J, Qian S, Pang Q. Revisiting stacking interactions in tetrathiafulvalene and selected derivatives using tight-binding quantum chemical calculations and local coupled-cluster method. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2021; 77:311-320. [PMID: 34096512 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520621003085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of supramolecular architectures needs accurate descriptions of the intermolecular interactions in crystal structures. Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) is an effective building block used in the construction of promising functional materials. The parallel packing of the neutral TTF-TTF system was studied previously using the high-level quantum chemical method, advancing it as a valuable model system. The recently developed tight-binding quantum chemical method GFN2-xTB and local coupled-cluster method DLPNO-CCSD(T) were used to investigate the stacking interactions of TTF and selected derivatives deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database. Using the interaction energy of the TTF-TTF dimer calculated at the CCSD(T)/CBS level as the reference, the accuracies of the two methods are investigated. The energy decomposition analysis within the DLPNO-CCSD(T) framework reveals the importance of dispersion interaction in the TTF-related stacking systems. The dispersion interaction density plot vividly shows the magnitude and distribution of the dispersion interaction, providing a revealing insight into the stacking interactions in crystal structures. The results show that the GFN2-xTB and DLPNO-CCSD(T) methods could achieve accuracy at an affordable computational cost, which would be valuable in understanding the nature of parallel stacking in supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Danping Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjian Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaosong Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong 255049, People's Republic of China
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7
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8
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Cook C, Beran GJO. Reduced-cost supercell approach for computing accurate phonon density of states in organic crystals. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:224105. [PMID: 33317313 DOI: 10.1063/5.0032649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phonon contributions to organic crystal structures and thermochemical properties can be significant, but computing a well-converged phonon density of states with lattice dynamics and periodic density functional theory (DFT) is often computationally expensive due to the need for large supercells. Using semi-empirical methods like density functional tight binding (DFTB) instead of DFT can reduce the computational costs dramatically, albeit with noticeable reductions in accuracy. This work proposes approximating the phonon density of states via a relatively inexpensive DFTB supercell treatment of the phonon dispersion that is then corrected by shifting the individual phonon modes according to the difference between the DFT and DFTB phonon frequencies at the Γ-point. The acoustic modes are then computed at the DFT level from the elastic constants. In several small-molecule crystal test cases, this combined approach reproduces DFT thermochemistry with kJ/mol accuracy and 1-2 orders of magnitude less computational effort. Finally, this approach is applied to computing the free energy differences between the five crystal polymorphs of oxalyl dihydrazide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Gregory J O Beran
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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9
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Donà L, Brandenburg JG, Bush IJ, Civalleri B. Cost-effective composite methods for large-scale solid-state calculations. Faraday Discuss 2020; 224:292-308. [PMID: 32955053 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00066c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Following the development in recent years of progressively more accurate approximations to the exchange-correlation functional, the use of density functional theory (DFT) methods to examine increasingly large and complex systems has grown, in particular for solids and other condensed matter systems. However the cost of these calculations is high, often requiring the use of specialist HPC facilities. As such, for the purpose of large-scale high-throughput screening of material properties, a hierarchy of simplified DFT methods has been proposed that allows rapid electronic structure calculation of large systems, and we have recently extended this scheme to the solid state (sol-3c). Here, we analyze the applicability and scaling of the new sol-3c DFT methods to molecules and crystals composed of light-elements, such as small proteins and model DNA-helices. Furthermore, the calculation of the electronic structure of large to very large porous systems, such as metal-organic frameworks and inorganic nanoparticles, is discussed. The new composite methods have been implemented in the CRYSTAL17 code, which efficiently implements hybrid functionals and enables routine application of the new methods to large-scale calculations of such materials with excellent performance, even with small-scale computing resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Donà
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Centre, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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10
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Reutzel-Edens SM, Bhardwaj RM. Crystal forms in pharmaceutical applications: olanzapine, a gift to crystal chemistry that keeps on giving. IUCRJ 2020; 7:955-964. [PMID: 33209310 PMCID: PMC7642794 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252520012683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This contribution reviews the efforts of many scientists around the world to discover and structurally characterize olanzapine crystal forms, clearing up inconsistencies in the scientific and patent literature and highlighting the challenges in identifying new forms amidst 60+ known polymorphs and solvates. Owing to its remarkable solid-state chemistry, olanzapine has emerged over the last three decades as a popular tool compound for developing new experimental and computational methods for enhanced molecular level understanding of solid-state structure, form diversity and crystallization outcomes. This article highlights the role of olanzapine in advancing the fundamental understanding of crystal forms, interactions within crystal structures, and growth units in molecular crystallization, as well as influencing the way in which drugs are developed today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Reutzel-Edens
- Synthetic Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Rajni M. Bhardwaj
- Synthetic Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
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11
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Otero-de-la-Roza A, Johnson ER. Application of XDM to ionic solids: The importance of dispersion for bulk moduli and crystal geometries. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:054121. [PMID: 32770899 DOI: 10.1063/5.0015133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dispersion corrections are essential in the description of intermolecular interactions; however, dispersion-corrected functionals must also be transferrable to hard solids. The exchange-hole dipole moment (XDM) model has demonstrated excellent performance for non-covalent interactions. In this article, we examine its ability to describe the relative stability, geometry, and compressibility of simple ionic solids. For the specific cases of the cesium halides, XDM-corrected functionals correctly predict the energy ranking of the B1 and B2 forms, and a dispersion contribution is required to obtain this result. Furthermore, for the lattice constants of the 20 alkali halides, the performance of XDM-corrected functionals is excellent, provided that the base functional's exchange enhancement factor properly captures non-bonded repulsion. The mean absolute errors in lattice constants obtained with B86bPBE-XDM and B86bPBE-25X-XDM are 0.060 Å and 0.039 Å, respectively, suggesting that delocalization error also plays a minor role in these systems. Finally, we considered the calculation of bulk moduli for alkali halides and alkaline-earth oxides. Previous claims in the literature that simple generalized gradient approximations, such as PBE, can reliably predict experimental bulk moduli have benefited from large error cancellations between neglecting both dispersion and vibrational effects. If vibrational effects are taken into account, dispersion-corrected functionals are quite accurate (4 GPa-5 GPa average error), again, if non-bonded repulsion is correctly represented. Careful comparisons of the calculated bulk moduli with experimental data are needed to avoid systematic biases and misleading conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Otero-de-la-Roza
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica and MALTA Consolider Team, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Erin R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Rd., Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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12
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Greenwell C, McKinley JL, Zhang P, Zeng Q, Sun G, Li B, Wen S, Beran GJO. Overcoming the difficulties of predicting conformational polymorph energetics in molecular crystals via correlated wavefunction methods. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2200-2214. [PMID: 32190277 PMCID: PMC7059316 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05689k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular crystal structure prediction is increasingly being applied to study the solid form landscapes of larger, more flexible pharmaceutical molecules. Despite many successes in crystal structure prediction, van der Waals-inclusive density functional theory (DFT) methods exhibit serious failures predicting the polymorph stabilities for a number of systems exhibiting conformational polymorphism, where changes in intramolecular conformation lead to different intermolecular crystal packings. Here, the stabilities of the conformational polymorphs of o-acetamidobenzamide, ROY, and oxalyl dihydrazide are examined in detail. DFT functionals that have previously been very successful in crystal structure prediction perform poorly in all three systems, due primarily to the poor intramolecular conformational energies, but also due to the intermolecular description in oxalyl dihydrazide. In all three cases, a fragment-based dispersion-corrected second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2D) treatment of the crystals overcomes these difficulties and predicts conformational polymorph stabilities in good agreement with experiment. These results highlight the need for methods which go beyond current-generation DFT functionals to make crystal polymorph stability predictions truly reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandler Greenwell
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Riverside , California 92521 , USA . ; Tel: +1-951-827-7869
| | - Jessica L McKinley
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Riverside , California 92521 , USA . ; Tel: +1-951-827-7869
| | - Peiyu Zhang
- Xtalpi, Inc. , 245 Main St, 12th Floor , Cambridge , MA 02142 , USA
| | - Qun Zeng
- Xtalpi, Inc. , 245 Main St, 12th Floor , Cambridge , MA 02142 , USA
| | - Guangxu Sun
- Xtalpi, Inc. , 245 Main St, 12th Floor , Cambridge , MA 02142 , USA
| | - Bochen Li
- Xtalpi, Inc. , 245 Main St, 12th Floor , Cambridge , MA 02142 , USA
| | - Shuhao Wen
- Xtalpi, Inc. , 245 Main St, 12th Floor , Cambridge , MA 02142 , USA
| | - Gregory J O Beran
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Riverside , California 92521 , USA . ; Tel: +1-951-827-7869
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