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Heim ZN, Neumark DM. Nonadiabatic Dynamics Studied by Liquid-Jet Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3652-3662. [PMID: 36480155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of the liquid microjet technique by Faubel and co-workers has enabled the investigation of high vapor pressure liquids and solutions utilizing high-vacuum methods. One such method is photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), which allows one to probe the electronic properties of a sample through ionization in a state-specific manner. Liquid microjets consisting of pure solvents and solute-solvent systems have been studied with great success utilizing PES and, more recently, time-resolved PES (TRPES). Here, we discuss progress made over recent years in understanding the solvation and excited state dynamics of the solvated electron and nucleic acid constituents (NACs) using these methods, as well as the prospect for their future.The solvated electron is of particular interest in liquid microjet experiments as it represents the simplest solute system. Despite this simplicity, there were still many unresolved questions about its binding energy and excited state relaxation dynamics that are ideal problems for liquid microjet PES. In the work discussed in this Account, accurate binding energies were measured for the solvated electron in multiple high vapor pressure solvents. The advantages of liquid jet PES were further highlighted in the femtosecond excited state relaxation studies on the solvated electron in water where a 75 ± 20 fs lifetime attributable to internal conversion from the excited p-state to a hot ground state was measured, supporting a nonadiabatic relaxation mechanism.Nucleic acid constituents represent a class of important solutes with several unresolved questions that the liquid microjet PES method is uniquely suited to address. As TRPES is capable of tracking dynamics with state-specificity, it is ideal for instances where there are multiple excited states potentially involved in the dynamics. Time-resolved studies of NAC relaxation after excitation using ultraviolet light identified relaxation lifetimes from multiple excited states. The state-specific nature of the TRPES method allowed us to identify the lack of any signal attributable to the 1nπ* state in thymine derived NACs. The femtosecond time resolution of the technique also aided in identifying differences between the excited state lifetimes of thymidine and thymidine monophosphate. These have been interpreted, aided by molecular dynamics simulations, as an influence of conformational differences leading to a longer excited state lifetime in thymidine monophosphate.Finally, we discuss advances in tabletop light sources extending into the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray regimes that allow expansion of liquid jet TRPES to full valence band and potentially core level studies of solutes and pure liquids in liquid microjets. As most solutes have ground state binding energies in the range of 10 eV, observation of both excited state decay and ground state recovery using ultraviolet pump-ultraviolet probe TRPES has been intractable. With high-harmonic generation light sources, it will be possible to not only observe complete relaxation pathways for valence level dynamics but to also track dynamics with element specificity by probing core levels of the solute of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary N Heim
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
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Pohl MN, Malerz S, Trinter F, Lee C, Kolbeck C, Wilkinson I, Thürmer S, Neumark DM, Nahon L, Powis I, Meijer G, Winter B, Hergenhahn U. Photoelectron circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission from liquid fenchone. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8081-8092. [PMID: 35253025 PMCID: PMC8985659 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05748k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present an experimental X-ray photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) study of liquid fenchone at the C 1s edge. A novel setup to enable PECD measurements on a liquid microjet [Malerz et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2022, 93, 015101] was used. For the C 1s line assigned to fenchone's carbonyl carbon, a non-vanishing asymmetry is found in the intensity of photoelectron spectra acquired under a fixed angle in the backward-scattering plane. This experiment paves the way towards an innovative probe of the chirality of organic/biological molecules in aqueous solution. We present the first X-ray photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) study from a liquid phase sample, exemplified for liquid fenchone at the C 1s edge.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin N Pohl
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sebastian Malerz
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Florian Trinter
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany. .,Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Franfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Chin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Claudia Kolbeck
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Iain Wilkinson
- Department of Locally-Sensitive & Time-Resolved Spectroscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Thürmer
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Mersiers, St. Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Ivan Powis
- School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bernd Winter
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Uwe Hergenhahn
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Schewe HC, Brezina K, Kostal V, Mason PE, Buttersack T, Stemer DM, Seidel R, Quevedo W, Trinter F, Winter B, Jungwirth P. Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Benzene in the Liquid Phase and Dissolved in Liquid Ammonia. J Phys Chem B 2021; 126:229-238. [PMID: 34935378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report valence band photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of gas-phase and liquid-phase benzene as well as those of benzene dissolved in liquid ammonia, complemented by electronic structure calculations. The origins of the sizable gas-to-liquid-phase shifts in electron binding energies deduced from the benzene valence band spectral features are quantitatively characterized in terms of the Born-Haber solvation model. This model also allows to rationalize the observation of almost identical shifts in liquid ammonia and benzene despite the fact that the former solvent is polar while the latter is not. For neutral solutes like benzene, it is the electronic polarization response determined by the high frequency dielectric constant of the solvent, which is practically the same in the two liquids, that primarily determines the observed gas-to-liquid shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Christian Schewe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Krystof Brezina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.,Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Kostal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Philip E Mason
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tillmann Buttersack
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik M Stemer
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wilson Quevedo
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Trinter
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pavel Jungwirth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Longetti L, Barillot TR, Puppin M, Ojeda J, Poletto L, van Mourik F, Arrell CA, Chergui M. Ultrafast photoelectron spectroscopy of photoexcited aqueous ferrioxalate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:25308-25316. [PMID: 34747432 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02872c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photochemistry of metal-organic compounds in solution is determined by both intra- and inter-molecular relaxation processes after photoexcitation. Understanding its prime mechanisms is crucial to optimise the reactive paths and control their outcome. Here we investigate the photoinduced dynamics of aqueous ferrioxalate ([FeIII(C2O4)3]3-) upon 263 nm excitation using ultrafast liquid phase photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). The initial step is found to be a ligand-to-metal electron transfer, occuring on a time scale faster than our time resolution (≲30 fs). Furthermore, we observe that about 25% of the initially formed ferrous species population are lost in ∼2 ps. Cast in the contest of previous ultrafast infrared and X-ray spectroscopic studies, we suggest that upon prompt photoreduction of the metal centre, the excited molecules dissociate in <140 fs into the pair of CO2 and [(CO2)FeII(C2O4)2]3- fragments, with unity quantum yield. About 25% of these pairs geminately recombine in ∼2 ps, due to interaction with the solvent molecules, reforming the ground state of the parent ferric molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Longetti
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy and the Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - T R Barillot
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy and the Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - M Puppin
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy and the Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - J Ojeda
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy and the Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - L Poletto
- National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), via Trasea 7, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F van Mourik
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy and the Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - C A Arrell
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy and the Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - M Chergui
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy and the Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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