1
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Yin Z, Hu L, Huang W, Liu Y, Tang Y. Triazole-induced planarization of a twisted tetrazole-based molecule towards energetic materials with improved thermostability and insensitivity. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37335299 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01416a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Pursuing the structural planarization of energetic materials is an efficient method for achieving improved performance. Although many planar energetic molecules have been prepared so far, the innovation of advanced planar explosives still relies on the scientific intuition, experience and trial-and-error of researchers. Now, a triazole-induced planarization strategy is proposed based on the regulation of aromaticity, charge distribution, and hydrogen bonds. The incorporation of a triazole ring into the non-planar molecule 5-amino-1-nitriminotetrazole (VII) results in a planar energetic material named N-[5-amino-1-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]nitramide (3). Compared with VII (Td = 85 °C; IS < 0.25 J; FS < 5 N), 3 shows remarkably improved thermal stability (Td = 145 °C) and reduced sensitivities (IS = 20 J; FS > 360 N). The variation of thermal stability and mechanical sensitivity from VII to 3 reflects the effectiveness and superiority of the planarization strategy. Benefiting from the properties of 3, its energetic salt 5 exhibits excellent overall performance (Dv = 9342 m s-1; P = 31.6 GPa; Td = 201 °C; IS = 20 J; FS = 360 N), which is comparable to that of HMX. Moreover, the triazole-induced planarization strategy may serve as a guide for exploring advanced energetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Lijincao Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Yuji Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Yongxing Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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2
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhao X, He C, Pang S. Coordinative Combination of Nitroamine and Gem-Dinitromethyl with Fused Ring for Enhanced Oxygen Balances and Detonation Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214337. [PMID: 36430825 PMCID: PMC9697839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen balance and heat of formation are closely related to the nitrogen and oxygen content in a molecule and have a significant effect on the detonation performance of energetic materials. Here a new family of 1,2,4-triazolo [4,3-b][1,2,4,5]-tetrazine containing gem-dinitromethyl and nitroamine with high nitrogen-oxygen content was synthesized and characterized. Moreover, the structure of the guanidine salt (3) and TATOT salt (4) were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The nitrogen and oxygen content of ammonium salt 2 reached 82.5%, with a high density (1.805 g cm-3) and high detonation properties (D = 8900 m s-1; P = 32.4 GPa), which were similar to those of RDX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaxi Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunlin He
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Siping Pang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (S.P.)
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3
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Hu L, He C, Pang S. Energetic Gem-dinitro Salts with Improved Thermal Stability by Incorporating with A Fused Building Block. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:37975-37981. [PMID: 35952662 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stability is one of the most significant properties for the safety of energetic materials, finding a stable skeleton with suitable energetic groups is always a primary test. In this work, an unusual aminohydrazone cyclization strategy was used in the synthesis of a new series of gem-dinitro 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4,5]-tetrazine compounds with desirable thermal stability (≥197 °C). All of the new compounds were fully characterized by infrared (IR), NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and elemental analysis. The decomposition temperature of potassium salt 2 is 288 °C, reaching the level of HMX. All of these performances have demonstrated the effective synthesis strategy for innovatively combining geminal dinitro groups with fused rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaxi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yubing Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
| | - Lu Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunlin He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Siping Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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4
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Wang Y, Zheng W, Zhang L, Ma H, Zhang Y, Guo Z. Constructing planar C−N bond-linked bi-triazole high-energy explosives via the formation of salts. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering / Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wanwan Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering / Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lingfeng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering / Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering / Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yazhou Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering / Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqi Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering / Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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5
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Li H, Wang Y, Wei Z, Xia L, Li Z, Zhang T. Alkaline metal and alkaline earth metal salts of di(1 H-tetrazol-5-yl)methanone (DTO): energetic catalysts for ammonium perchlorate decomposition. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04594f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Six new coordination complexes were obtained and fully characterized; complexes 4 and 5 exhibit good catalytic performances on AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanna Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xingtai University, Xingtai 054001, China
| | - Zhenghe Wei
- Department of Technology, Guangxi JinJianhua Civil Explosives Co. Ltd, Baise 533001, China
| | - Lianghong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tonglai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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6
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Zhu S, Yang W, Gan Q, Cheng N, Feng C. Early thermal decay of energetic hydrogen- and nitro-free furoxan compounds: the case of DNTF and BTF. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:1520-1531. [PMID: 34935783 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02881b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exploration of the initial reactions of H-free and nitro-free energetic materials could enrich our understanding of the thermal decomposition mechanism of various energetic materials (EMs). In this work, two furoxan compounds, 3,4-dinitrofurazanfuroxan (DNTF) and benzotrifuroxan (BTF), were investigated to shed light on the decay mechanism of furoxan compounds based on the combination of self-consistent charge density functional tight binding and molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that DNTF and BTF decay via a unimolecular mechanism, and the transformation of the furoxan ring into a nitro group is suggested as a novel initial channel. Five initial steps of DNTF thermal decomposition are observed, including NO2 loss and the N(O)-O bond cleavage of the central and peripheral rings. The bond cleavage of peripheral rings dominates the decay at low temperatures, while the central ring opening and C-NO2 dissociation govern the high temperature decay. Besides, NO2, CO and NO fragments are mainly yielded at high temperatures, while CO3N2 is dominant at low temperatures. The three-stage characteristic of the exothermic BTF decay is described under programmed heating conditions for the first time. Four initial steps of BTF thermal decomposition were identified, including furoxan ring opening reactions and the breakage of the 6-membered ring C-C bond. The cleavage of the N(O)-O bond is dominant in the initial step of BTF decomposition under different heating conditions, and the frequency increases with increasing temperature. In addition, the amounts of CON, ON and CO are higher at high temperatures, while C2O2N2 shows an opposite trend. The findings of this work provide deep insights into the complicated sensitivity mechanism of EMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiang Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Nianshou Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Changgen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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7
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Zhu S, Yang W, Gan Q, Feng C. Initial Steps and Thermochemistry of Unimolecular Decomposition of Oxadiazole Energetic Materials: Quantum Chemistry Modeling. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:7929-7939. [PMID: 34470213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to resolve the existing discrepancies in the mechanism and key intermediates of oxadiazole thermolysis, the initial decomposition pathways of oxadiazoles have been studied comprehensively using the M062X method for optimization and CBS-QB3 and DLPNO-CCSD(T) methods for energies. The transformation from the furoxan ring to nitro group was suggested as a potential decay channel of furoxan compounds. Results of thermochemistry calculations showed that the preferred decomposition reaction of oxadiazoles is the ring-opening through the cleavage of the O-C or O-N bond. The introduction of the nitro group has little effect on the preferential path of oxadiazole thermal decomposition, but a great impact on the energy barrier. The lowest energy barrier and bond dissociation energy of NO2 loss of azoles were comprehensively studied based on the quantum chemistry calculations. The initial decay steps of 3,4-dinitrofurazanfuroxan and benzotrifuroxan were also studied to give insights into the mechanism of primary stages of thermal decomposition of oxadiazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiang Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Changgen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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8
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Xiao M, Jin X, Zhou J, Hu B. 1,2,5-Oxadiazole-1,2,3,4-tetrazole-based high-energy materials: molecular design and screening. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01740-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Capilato JN, Pellegrinelli PJ, Bernard J, Schnorbus L, Philippi S, Mattiucci J, Hoy EP, Perez LJ. Acetyl nitrate mediated conversion of methyl ketones to diverse carboxylic acid derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5298-5302. [PMID: 34086029 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00786f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of a novel acetyl nitrate mediated oxidative conversion of methyl ketones to carboxylic acid derivatives is described. By analogy to the haloform reaction and supported by experimental and computational investigation we propose a mechanism for this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph N Capilato
- Rowan University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Peter J Pellegrinelli
- Rowan University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Josephine Bernard
- Rowan University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Logan Schnorbus
- Rowan University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Shane Philippi
- Rowan University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Joseph Mattiucci
- Rowan University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Erik P Hoy
- Rowan University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Lark J Perez
- Rowan University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 201 Mullica Hill Rd., Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
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10
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Bondarchuk SV. Magic of Numbers: A Guide for Preliminary Estimation of the Detonation Performance of C–H–N–O Explosives Based on Empirical Formulas. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Bondarchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bogdan Khmelnitsky Cherkasy National University, blvd. Shevchenko 81, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
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11
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Wang Y, Ye J, Yang N, Ma H, Zhang Y, Guo Z. Strong intermolecular interaction induced methylene-bridged asymmetric heterocyclic explosives. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01083b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Methylene-bridged asymmetric heterocyclic explosives were designed and synthesized to attempt the possibility of realizing energetic materials with high-energy and adequate sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jin Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Na Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yazhou Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqi Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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12
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Gu H, Cheng G, Yang H. Tricyclic nitrogen-rich explosives with a planar backbone: bis(1,2,4-triazolyl)-1,2,3-triazoles as potential stable green gas generants. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00076d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Planar tricyclic energetic compounds with good energetic performance, thermal stability and gas production capacity were synthesized based on 1,2,3-triazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Guangbin Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
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13
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Mei H, Yang J, Cao W, Hu Y, He P, Zhang JG. A new oxygen-rich energetic salt dihydrazine tetranitroethide: a promising explosive alternative with high density and good performance. RSC Adv 2020; 10:23250-23253. [PMID: 35520354 PMCID: PMC9054708 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04167j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel high-energy salt with good oxygen balance, dihydrazine tetranitroethide (5), has been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray single crystal diffraction. Compound 5 exhibits high crystal density (1.81 g cm-3) and impressive detonation velocity (9508 m s-1) and detonation pressure (37.9 GPa), showing potential applications as a high performance explosive and a promising additive of propellants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China +86-10-68918091
| | - Junqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China +86-10-68918091
| | - Wenli Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China +86-10-68918091
| | - Yong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China +86-10-68918091
| | - Piao He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha 410083 Hunan P. R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China +86-10-68918091
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14
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Wu J, Xu J, Li W, Li H. Coplanar Fused Heterocycle‐Based Energetic Materials. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.201900333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Ting Wu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010, Sichuan PR China
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010, Sichuan PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of system engineeringChina Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP) Mianyang 621900, Sichuan PR China
| | - Hong‐Bo Li
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010, Sichuan PR China
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15
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Yan T, Cheng G, Yang H. 1,3,4-Oxadiazole based thermostable energetic materials: synthesis and structure–property relationship. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00518e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A combination of 1,3,4-oxadiazole and pyrazole produces a series of new compounds with satisfactory energetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingou Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Guangbin Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
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16
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Zhang J, Wang Z, Hsieh Y, Wang B, Huang H, Yang J, Zhang J. A promising cation of 4-aminofurazan-3-carboxylic acid amidrazone in desensitizing energetic materials. RSC Adv 2020; 10:2519-2525. [PMID: 35558575 PMCID: PMC9092565 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09555a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For the development of energetic materials, insensitive compounds have attracted considerable attention due to their improved safety and lower cost than those of sensitive energetic compounds during production, transportation, and application. In this study, insensitive 4-aminofurazan-3-carboxylic acid amidrazone was used as a cation to obtain four derivatives which were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. It is interesting to note that all four derivatives are insensitive to impact and friction, while the velocities of detonation for derivatives are superior to that of insensitive TATB (1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene). Multi-factors analysis shows that the cation of 4-aminofurazan-3-carboxylic acid amidrazone is a promising furazan-based cation in desensitizing energetic compounds. 4-Aminofurazan-3-carboxylic acid amidrazone was used to obtain four derivatives confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The derivatives are insensitive to impact and friction, while the velocities of detonation are superior to that of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Zhenyuan Wang
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Yunhao Hsieh
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Binshen Wang
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Haifeng Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Jun Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
- Biomaterials Research Center
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17
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Bian C, Feng W, Lei Q, Huang H, Li X, Wang J, Li C, Xiao Z. A facile synthesis of energetic salts based on fully nitroamino-functionalized [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazole. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:368-374. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03829a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Promising high-energy-density materials: energetic salts based on fully nitroamino-functionalized [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Bian
- School of Science
- North University of China
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Feng
- School of Science
- North University of China
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Qunying Lei
- School of Science
- North University of China
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Science
- North University of China
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- School of Science
- North University of China
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Chuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- P. R. China
| | - Zhongliang Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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18
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Fershtat LL, Makhova NN. 1,2,5‐Oxadiazole‐Based High‐Energy‐Density Materials: Synthesis and Performance. Chempluschem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonid L. Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 119991, Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow Russia
| | - Nina N. Makhova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 119991, Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow Russia
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19
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Sheremetev AB, Aleksandrova NS, Semyakin SS, Suponitsky KY, Lempert DB. Synthesis and Characterization of 3-(5-(Fluorodinitromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-4-nitrofurazan: A Novel Promising Energetic Component of Boron-based Fuels for Rocket Ramjet Engines. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4255-4261. [PMID: 31608576 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new energetic 1,2,4-triazole compound bearing nitrofurazanyl and fluorodinitromethyl units, which may find use as a component for rocket ramjet engines (RRE), is described. The target product was prepared in a four-step process applying oxidation/nitration/decarboxylation/fluorination reactions and is fully characterized. Its density and structural features were uniquely determined by X-ray analysis. It is shown that replacing HMX with the compound of this study in boron-based fuels gives an increase in energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei B Sheremetev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Department, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Natali S Aleksandrova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Department, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Svyatoslav S Semyakin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Department, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Kyrill Yu Suponitsky
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - David B Lempert
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russian Federation
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20
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Yan T, Cheng G, Yang H. 1,2,4-Oxadiazole-Bridged Polynitropyrazole Energetic Materials with Enhanced Thermal Stability and Low Sensitivity. Chempluschem 2019; 84:1567-1577. [PMID: 31943922 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A family of mono or di(1,2,4-oxadiazole)-bridged polynitropyrazole derivatives with C-nitro/N-nitro functionalities is reported. All compounds were fully characterized by IR, NMR (1 H, 13 C), elemental analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The solid-state structure features were further investigated with X-ray diffraction. Of these, compounds 3,5-bis(3,4-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (3 a) and 5,5'-bis(3,4-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3,3'-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole) (3 b) possess high thermal stability (3 a: Tdec =274 °C; 3 b: Tdec =272 °C), sensitivity (IS >30 J, FS >360 N) and comparable detonation properties (3 a: Dv =8741 m s-1 , P=34.0 GPa; 3 b: Dv =8685 m s-1 , P=33.4 Gpa) to RDX. In addition, 3,5-bis(4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (4 a) and 5,5'-bis(4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-3,3'-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole) (4 b) have high decomposition temperature (4 a: Tdec =314 °C; 4 b: Tdec =317 °C), low sensitivity (IS >40 J; FS>360 N) and superior detonation performances (4 a: Dv =8027 m s-1 , P=26.4 GPa; 4 b: Dv =7991 m s-1 , P=25.2 Gpa) than conventional heat-resistant explosive hexanitrostilbene (HNS: Tdec =318 °C; IS=5 J; FS=240 N; Dv =7612 m s-1 , P=24.3 GPa), thus suggesting their potential application as heat-resistant explosives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingou Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Guangbin Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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21
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Liu Y, Xu Y, Sun Q, Lu M. Energetic furazan–triazoles with high thermal stability and low sensitivity: facile synthesis, crystal structures and energetic properties. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01336a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mononitroamino-diamino and dinitramino-monoamino furazan–triazoles were designed and synthesized by a flexible method and showed excellent stability and high performance, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Yuangang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Qi Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Ming Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
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