1
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Kitcatt DM, Scott KA, Rongione E, Nicolle S, Lee AL. Direct decarboxylative Giese amidations: photocatalytic vs. metal- and light-free. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9806-9813. [PMID: 37736650 PMCID: PMC10510818 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A direct intermolecular decarboxylative Giese amidation reaction from bench stable, non-toxic and environmentally benign oxamic acids has been developed, which allows for easy access to 1,4-difunctionalised compounds which are not otherwise readily accessible. Crucially, a more general acceptor substrate scope is now possible, which renders the Giese amidation applicable to more complex substrates such as natural products and chiral building blocks. Two different photocatalytic methods (one via oxidative and the other via reductive quenching cycles) and one metal- and light-free method were developed and the flexibility provided by different conditions proved to be crucial for enabling a more general substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Kitcatt
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - Katie A Scott
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - Elena Rongione
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - Simon Nicolle
- GlaxoSmithKline Gunnels Wood Rd Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Ai-Lan Lee
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
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2
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Wen L, Zhou N, Zhang Z, Liu C, Xu S, Feng P, Li H. Electrochemical Difunctionalization of gem-Difluoroalkenes: A Metal-Free Synthesis of α-Difluoro(alkoxyl/azolated) Methylated Ethers. Org Lett 2023; 25:3308-3313. [PMID: 37129411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A scalable electrochemical difunctionalization of gem-difluoroalkenes to structurally versatile difluoro motifs was achieved. This methodology features reagent-free conditions, good functional group tolerance, and a relatively broad substrate scope. Meanwhile, the electrolysis protocol is easy to handle, and the products show good regio- and chemoselectivity. The reaction mechanism was also preliminarily studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzi Wen
- PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Naifu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shihai Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pengju Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hongsheng Li
- PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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3
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Koley S, Cayton KT, González-Montiel GA, Yadav MR, Orsi DL, Intelli AJ, Cheong PHY, Altman RA. Cu(II)-Catalyzed Unsymmetrical Dioxidation of gem-Difluoroalkenes to Generate α,α-Difluorinated-α-phenoxyketones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10710-10725. [PMID: 35914193 PMCID: PMC9391295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A Cu-based catalyst system convergently couples gem-difluoroalkenes with phenols under aerobic conditions to deliver α,α-difluorinated-α-phenoxyketones, an unstudied hybrid fluorinated functional group. Composed of α,α-difluorinated ketone and α,α-difluorinated ether moieties, these compounds have rarely been reported as a synthetic intermediate. Computational predictions and later experimental corroboration suggest that the phenoxy-substituted fluorinated ketone's sp3-hybridized hydrate form is energetically favored relative to the respective nonether variant and that perturbation of the electronic character of the ketone can further encourage the formation of the hydrate. The more facile conversion between ketone and hydrate forms suggests that analogues should readily covalently inhibit proteases and other enzymes. Further functionalization of the ketone group enables access to other useful fluorinated functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvajit Koley
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Kaylee T. Cayton
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | | | - M. Ramu Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, MS-723, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India 110016
| | - Douglas L. Orsi
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Andrew J. Intelli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Ryan A. Altman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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4
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Liang Y, Zhou N, Ma G, Wen L, Wu X, Feng P. Tunable alkoxy-nucleophilic addition under photochemical condition: Dioxidation of gem‑difluoroalkenes with O2. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Ogbu IM, Kurtay G, Robert F, Landais Y. Oxamic acids: useful precursors of carbamoyl radicals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7593-7607. [PMID: 35735051 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01953a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review article describes the recent development in the chemistry of carbamoyl radicals generated from oxamic acids. This mild and efficient method compares well with previous methods of generation of these nucleophilic radicals. The oxidative decarboxylation of oxamic acids can be mediated through thermal, photochemical, electrochemical or photoelectrochemical means, generating carbamoyl radicals, which may further add to unsaturated systems to provide a broad range of important amides. Oxidative decarboxylation of oxamic acids also offers a straightforward entry for the preparation of urethanes, ureas, and thioureas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikechukwu Martin Ogbu
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM), UMR-CNRS 5255, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, Cedex, France. .,Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Gülbin Kurtay
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM), UMR-CNRS 5255, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, Cedex, France. .,University of Ankara, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Frédéric Robert
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM), UMR-CNRS 5255, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, Cedex, France.
| | - Yannick Landais
- University of Bordeaux, Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM), UMR-CNRS 5255, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, Cedex, France.
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6
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Abstract
The quest to find milder and more sustainable methods to generate highly reactive, carbon-centred intermediates has led to a resurgence of interest in radical chemistry. In particular, carboxylic acids are seen as attractive radical precursors due their availability, low cost, diversity, and sustainability. Moreover, the corresponding nucleophilic carbon-radical can be easily accessed through a favourable radical decarboxylation process, extruding CO2 as a traceless by-product. This review summarizes the recent progress on using carboxylic acids directly as convenient radical precursors for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds via the 1,4-radical conjugate addition (Giese) reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Kitcatt
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Simon Nicolle
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Rd, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Ai-Lan Lee
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
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7
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Yechun W, Jintao Y. Recent Advances in the Decarboxylative Acylation/Cyclization of α-Keto Acids. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202205025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Sorrentino JP, Altman RA. Fluorine-Retentive Strategies for the Functionalization of gem-Difluoroalkenes. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021; 53:3935-3950. [PMID: 34707322 DOI: 10.1055/a-1547-9270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
gem-Difluoroalkenes are readily available fluorinated building blocks, and the fluorine-induced electronic perturbations of the alkenes enables a wide array of selective functionalization reactions. However, many reactions of gem-difluoroalkenes result in a net C─F functionalization to generate monofluorovinyl products or addition of F to generate trifluoromethyl-containing products. In contrast, fluorine-retentive strategies for the functionalization of gem-difluoroalkenes remain less generally developed, and is now becoming a rapidly developing area. This review will present the development of fluorine-retentive strategies including electrophilic, nucleophilic, radical, and transition metal catalytic strategies with an emphasis on key physical organic and mechanistic aspects that enable reactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob P Sorrentino
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Ryan A Altman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
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9
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Kang QQ, Zhang WK, Ge GP, Zheng H, Wei WT. The construction of benzimidazo[2,1- a]isoquinolin-6(5 H)-ones from N-methacryloyl-2-phenylbenzoimidazoles through radical strategies. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8874-8885. [PMID: 34610071 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01465j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-one constitutes a structurally unique class of tetracyclic N-heterocycles that are found throughout a myriad of biologically active natural products, pharmaceutical compounds, and functional materials. Various synthetic routes for the preparation of benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones have been reported. In particular, the use of N-methacryloyl-2-phenylbenzoimidazoles to construct benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones through various radical strategies have attracted widespread attention due to the versatility and simple preparation of raw materials, as well as the step-economy and mild reaction conditions. Using representative examples, we highlight significant progress in the synthesis of benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones, including the selection of the catalytic system, substrate scope, mechanistic understanding, and applications. The contents of this review focus on the development of C-, S-, P-, and Si-centered radical addition-intramolecular cyclization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Kang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Wei-Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Ge
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Hongxing Zheng
- Institution of Functional Organic Molecules and Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Wen-Ting Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
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10
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Carreras V, Ollevier T. Fluoride-Triggered Synthesis of 1-Aryl-2,2-difluoroalkenes via Desilylative Defluorination of (1-Aryl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-silanes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13160-13168. [PMID: 34478290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An efficient route for the synthesis of 1-aryl-2,2-difluoroalkenes via 1,2-desilylative defluorination is disclosed. Only a catalytic amount of fluoride source is required to initiate the desilylation and afford gem-difluoroalkenes in very good to quantitative yields, using mild reaction conditions in dimethyl carbonate as a green solvent. This reaction uses (1-aryl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-silanes, which are easily prepared via the insertion reaction of trifluoroethyl diazo alkanes into the Si-H bond of tertiary organosilanes. (1-Aryl)-perfluoroalkyl-silanes cleanly afford the corresponding (Z)-1-benzylideneperfluoroalkanes, which upon hydrodefluorination furnish the (E)-β(perfluoroalkyl)styrene derivatives with excellent yield and complete stereoselectivity. A one-pot system involving sequential insertion and desilylative-defluorination is also suitable for this transformation. This method demonstrates the usefulness of organosilanes toward the preparation of fluorinated alkenes as synthetically useful targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Carreras
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Thierry Ollevier
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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11
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Zubkov MO, Kosobokov MD, Dilman AD. Radical Functionalization of Geminal Difluoroalkenes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021070010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Liu Q, Wang L, Liu J, Ruan S, Li P. Facile synthesis of carbamoylated benzimidazo[2,1- a]isoquinolin-6(5 H)-ones via radical cascade cyclization under metal-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3489-3496. [PMID: 33899870 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient synthesis of carbamoylated benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones using 2-arylbenzoimidazoles and oxamic acids was developed. This strategy tolerated various substrates as the starting materials to generate the corresponding products in good yields under metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China. and Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China. and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
| | - Shuchen Ruan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China. and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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13
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Zhou J, Jiang B, Guo M, Sumii Y, Shibata N. Aryl gem-Difluorovinyl Pinacolboronates: Synthesis and Utility for Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reaction. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Bingyao Jiang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Sumii
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
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14
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Wan T, Pi C, Wu Y, Cui X. Rh(III)-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation of 3-Aryl-5-isoxazolone with Maleimides or Maleic Ester. Org Lett 2020; 22:6484-6488. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Chao Pi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yangjie Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiuling Cui
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
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15
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Feng G, Jin C, He JY, Bai QF. Silver-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Radical Addition/Cyclization of Oxamic Acids with Alkenes towards Quinolin-2-ones. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient silver-catalyzed tandem decarboxylative radical addition/cyclization of oxamic acids with alkenes has been developed. This method provides a novel and straightforward protocol toward a variety of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones, 4-(α-carbonyl)-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones, and quinolin-2(1H)-ones in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University
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16
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Liao Y, Ran Y, Liu G, Liu P, Liu X. Transition-metal-free radical relay cyclization of vinyl azides with 1,4-dihydropyridines involving a 1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer: access to α-tetralone scaffolds. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The remote C(sp3)–H functionalization enabled by a radical-mediated 1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) process using vinyl azides and 1,4-dihydropyridines as precursors has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
| | - Yu Ran
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
| | - Guijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
| | - Peijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
| | - Xiaozu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
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17
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Liu C, Zeng H, Zhu C, Jiang H. Recent advances in three-component difunctionalization of gem-difluoroalkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10442-10452. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04318d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three-component difunctionalization of gem-difluoroalkenes via the generation and transformation of a α-fluoroalkylated carbanion, a carbon–metal species, a radical, and a carbocation intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
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