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Luo Z, Wang Y, Wang Z, Gao J, Li Q, Li H, Hu Y. Synthesis of Bis(methoxymethyl)silanes and Their Application in MgCl 2-Supported Ziegler–Natta Propylene Polymerization as External Donors. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuanjie Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jialei Gao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Qian Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huayi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Youliang Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Propylene Polymerization Performance with Ziegler-Natta Catalysts Combined with U-Donor and T01 Donor as External Donor. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In propylene (C3) polymerization with Ziegler-Natta catalyst, not only internal donor but also external donor is very important to make isotactic polypropylene (PP) with higher yield. Most propylene-based polymers have been commercially produced with Ziegler-Natta catalysts combined with dialkyl-dialkoxy silane compounds (R2Si(OR)2) such as C-donor, P-donor, and D-donor as external donors. In this paper, we will introduce the propylene polymerization performance with aminosilane compounds, i.e., diethylamino triethoxy silane (U-donor) and bis(ethylamino) di-cyclopentyl silane (T01 donor), as external donor in Ziegler–Natta catalyst. The polymerization screening experiments were conducted using some triethoxyalkylsilanes compounds (1–7) and performances were compared with U-donor. The polymerization results of the binary donor system show improvement in stereoregularity. These aminosilane compounds exhibit high hydrogen response in propylene polymerization and high copolymerization performance of propylene (C3) and ethylene (C2) in ICP production compared with dialkyl-dialkoxy silane compounds. While using methanol as an additive along with external electron donor, as a serendipitous, the copolymerization activity, block ratio, EPR (ethylene-propylene rubber) content improve significantly for U-donor as compared with T01 donor and C-donor.
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Paghadar BR, Sainani JB, M. SK, Bhagavath P. Internal donors on supported Ziegler Natta catalysts for isotactic polypropylene: a brief tutorial review. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe scientific and technical advances in the field of polymer science has been abundant in recent years. Amongst the various polymeric materials available in market, synthesis of polyolefins has been in the forefront since decades. A major challenge in this domain remains in attaining stereoregular polyolefins especially polypropylene (PP) and significant efforts were carried out by synthesizing various internal donors (ID) aiding the catalysts involved in producing them. This short review gives an overview of i) various generations of Ziegler–Natta (ZN) catalyst systems ii) general classes of ID that has been demonstrated by the researchers over the past decades iii) their influence on PP isotacticity and polymer properties. The coordination modes of different donor classes on supported ZN system and comparative study especially between phthalate and diether ID classes were also addressed here. This review also presents the studies carried out on phthalate catalyst structure analysis, detailed comparison study on phthalate and diether IDs in terms of PP isotacticity, regioselectivity, hydrogen response, and also their cross combination study and competitive behavior. Further a brief description on other structurally varied IDs like malonates, maleates, silyl diol esters, bifunctional donors, multi ether donors demonstrated for isotactic PP were also presented. Studies conducted on compatibility of incorporation of two different classes of IDs on a single supported ZN system for the fundamental understanding of the catalyst behavior; and also on how mixed donor approach enables in tuning the catalyst for polymer properties were also presented. This review also provides an opportunity to the young minds and the basic researchers from academic point of view by and large to create new polymeric materials with useful properties or modify the existing materials for new applications by incorporating new IDs for further improvisation of the stereo regularity in obtaining the polymers.
Graphic Abstract
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Progress in MgCl2 supported Ziegler-Natta catalyzed polyolefin products and applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02412-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Modified mesoporous magnesium ethoxide with spherical morphology for polypropylene Ziegler–Natta catalyst: preparation and characterization. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kumawat J, Gupta VK. Fundamental aspects of heterogeneous Ziegler–Natta olefin polymerization catalysis: an experimental and computational overview. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00753f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using an internal/external donor containing MgCl2-supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst is one of the important processes for polyolefin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jugal Kumawat
- Polymer Synthesis & Catalysis Group
- Reliance Research and Development Center
- Reliance Industries Limited
- Navi Mumbai-400701
- India
| | - Virendra Kumar Gupta
- Polymer Synthesis & Catalysis Group
- Reliance Research and Development Center
- Reliance Industries Limited
- Navi Mumbai-400701
- India
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Ghasemi Hamedani N, Arabi H, Poorsank F. Towards the design of a mixture of diether and succinate as an internal donor in a MgCl 2-supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02676j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An investigation into competitions of mixtures of internal donors for interaction with MgCl2was carried out and the subsequent influence on catalyst performance was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nona Ghasemi Hamedani
- Department of Polymerization Engineering
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
- Tehran
- Iran
- National Petrochemical Company-Research & Technology Co. (NPC-RT)
| | - Hassan Arabi
- Department of Polymerization Engineering
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Fatemeh Poorsank
- Department of Polymerization Engineering
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
- Tehran
- Iran
- National Petrochemical Company-Research & Technology Co. (NPC-RT)
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