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Shintaku M, Oga H, Kusudo H, Smith ER, Omori T, Yamaguchi Y. Measuring line tension: Thermodynamic integration during detachment of a molecular dynamics droplet. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:224502. [PMID: 38856068 DOI: 10.1063/5.0201973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The contact line (CL) is where solid, liquid, and vapor phases meet, and Young's equation describes the macroscopic force balance of the interfacial tensions between these three phases. These interfacial tensions are related to the nanoscale stress inhomogeneity appearing around the interface, and for curved CLs, e.g., a three-dimensional droplet, another force known as the line tension must be included in Young's equation. The line tension has units of force, acting parallel to the CL, and is required to incorporate the extra stress inhomogeneity around the CL into the force balance. Considering this feature, Bey et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 152, 094707 (2020)] reported a mechanical approach to extract the value of line tension τℓ from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In this study, we show a novel thermodynamics interpretation of the line tension as the free energy per CL length, and based on this interpretation, through MD simulations of a quasi-static detachment process of a quasi-two-dimensional droplet from a solid surface, we obtained the value τℓ as a function of the contact angle. The simulation scheme is considered to be an extension of a thermodynamic integration method, previously used to calculate the solid-liquid and solid-vapor interfacial tensions through a detachment process, extended here to the three-phase system. The obtained value agreed well with the result by Bey et al. and showed the validity of thermodynamic integration at the three-phase interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minori Shintaku
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruki Oga
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kusudo
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Edward R Smith
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Takeshi Omori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Water Frontier Research Center (WaTUS), Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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Kusudo H, Omori T, Joly L, Yamaguchi Y. The receding contact line cools down during dynamic wetting. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:161102. [PMID: 37877481 DOI: 10.1063/5.0171769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
When a contact line (CL)-where a liquid-vapor interface meets a substrate-is put into motion, it is well known that the contact angle differs between advancing and receding CLs. Using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal another intriguing distinction between advancing and receding CLs: while temperature increases at an advancing CL-as expected from viscous dissipation, we show that temperature can drop at a receding CL. Detailed quantitative analysis based on the macroscopic energy balance around the dynamic CL showed that the internal energy change of the fluid due to the change of the potential field along the pathline out of the solid-liquid interface induced a remarkable temperature drop around the receding CL, in a manner similar to latent heat upon phase changes. This result provides new insights for modeling the dynamic CL, and the framework for heat transport analysis introduced here can be applied to a wide range of nanofluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kusudo
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Laurent Joly
- Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yasutaka Yamaguchi
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Water Frontier Research Center (WaTUS), Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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Watanabe K, Kusudo H, Bistafa C, Omori T, Yamaguchi Y. Quantifying the solid–fluid interfacial tensions depending on the substrate curvature: Young’s equation holds for wetting around nanoscale cylinder. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:054701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0079816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Watanabe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kusudo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Carlos Bistafa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omori
- Deptartment of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Water Frontier Research Center (WaTUS), Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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Kusudo H, Omori T, Yamaguchi Y. Local stress tensor calculation by the method-of-plane in microscopic systems with macroscopic flow: A formulation based on the velocity distribution function. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:184103. [PMID: 34773958 DOI: 10.1063/5.0062889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we developed a calculation method of local stress tensor applicable to non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) systems, which evaluates the macroscopic momentum advection and the kinetic term of the stress in the framework of the Method-of-Plane (MoP), in a consistent way to guarantee the mass and momentum conservation. From the relation between the macroscopic velocity distribution function and the microscopic molecular passage across a fixed control plane, we derived a method to calculate the basic properties of the macroscopic momentum conservation law including the density, the velocity, the momentum flux, and the two terms of the stress tensor, i.e., the interaction and the kinetic terms, defined on a surface with a finite area. Any component of the streaming velocity can be obtained on a control surface, which enables the separation of the kinetic momentum flux into the advection and stress terms in the framework of MoP, and this enables strict satisfaction of the mass and momentum conservation for an arbitrary closed control volume (CV) set in NEMD systems. We validated the present method through the extraction of the density, velocity, and stress distributions in a quasi-one-dimensional steady-state Couette flow system and in a quasi-2D steady-state NEMD system with a moving contact line. We showed that with the present MoP, in contrast to the volume average method, the conservation law was satisfied even for a CV set around the moving contact line, which was located in a strongly inhomogeneous region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kusudo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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Li Y, Wooding JP, McGuinness EK, Sun Y, Losego MD. Thermally Stimulated Wettability Transformations on One-Cycle Atomic Layer Deposition-Coated Cellulosic Paper: Applications for Droplet Manipulation and Heat Patterned Paper Fluidics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:13802-13812. [PMID: 33709685 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cellulosic materials are widely used in daily life for paper products and clothing as well as for emerging applications in sustainable packaging and inexpensive medical diagnostics. Cellulose has a high density of hydroxyl groups that create strong intra- and interfiber hydrogen bonding. These abundant hydroxyl groups also make cellulose superhydrophilic. Schemes for hydrophobization and spatially selective hydrophobization of cellulosic materials can expand the application space for cellulose. Cellulose is often hydrophobized through wet chemistry surface modification methods. This work reports a new modification method using a combination of atomic layer deposition (ALD) and atmospheric heating to alter the wettability of purely cellulosic chromatography paper. We find that once the cellulosic paper is coated with a single ALD cycle (1cy-ALD) of Al2O3, it can be made sticky superhydrophobic after a 150 °C ambient post-ALD heating step. An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation reveals that the ALD-modified cellulosic surface becomes more susceptible to adsorption of adventitious carbon upon heating than an untreated cellulosic surface. This conclusion is further supported by the ability to use alternating air plasma and heat treatments to reversibly transition between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic states. We attribute the apparent abruptness of this wetting transition to a Cassie-Wenzel-like phenomenon, which is also consistent with the sticky hydrophobic wetting behavior. Using scanning probe methods, we show that the surfaces have roughness at multiple length scales. Using a Cassie-Wenzel model, we show how a small change in the surface's Young's contact angle-upon adsorption of adventitious carbon-can lead to an abrupt increase in hydrophobicity for surfaces with such roughnesses. Finally, we demonstrate the ability to spatially pattern the wettability on these 1cy-ALD-treated cellulosic papers via selective heating. This ALD-treated hydrophobic paper also shows promise for microliter droplet manipulation and patterned lab-on-paper devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jamie P Wooding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Emily K McGuinness
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yici Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mark D Losego
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Imaizumi Y, Omori T, Kusudo H, Bistafa C, Yamaguchi Y. Wilhelmy equation revisited: A lightweight method to measure liquid–vapor, solid–liquid, and solid–vapor interfacial tensions from a single molecular dynamics simulation. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:034701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0011979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Imaizumi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kusudo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Carlos Bistafa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Water Frontier Science & Technology Research Center (W-FST), Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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Kusudo H, Omori T, Yamaguchi Y. Extraction of the equilibrium pinning force on a contact line exerted from a wettability boundary of a solid surface through the connection between mechanical and thermodynamic routes. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:154501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5124014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kusudo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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