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Schlosser J, Fedorova O, Fedorov Y, Ihmels H. Photoinduced in situ generation of DNA-targeting ligands: DNA-binding and DNA-photodamaging properties of benzo[ c]quinolizinium ions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:101-117. [PMID: 38264449 PMCID: PMC10804566 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The photoreactions of selected styrylpyridine derivatives to the corresponding benzo[c]quinolizinium ions are described. It is shown that these reactions are more efficient in aqueous solution (97-44%) than in organic solvents (78-20% in MeCN). The quinolizinium derivatives bind to DNA by intercalation with binding constants of 6-11 × 104 M-1, as shown by photometric and fluorimetric titrations as well as by CD- and LD-spectroscopic analyses. These ligand-DNA complexes can also be established in situ upon irradiation of the styrylpyridines and formation of the intercalator directly in the presence of DNA. In addition to the DNA-binding properties, the tested benzo[c]quinolizinium derivatives also operate as photosensitizers, which induce DNA damage at relative low concentrations and short irradiation times, even under anaerobic conditions. Investigations of the mechanism of the DNA damage revealed the involvement of intermediate hydroxyl radicals and C-centered radicals. Under aerobic conditions, singlet oxygen only contributes to marginal extent to the DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julika Schlosser
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology (Cµ), University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Olga Fedorova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri Fedorov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Heiko Ihmels
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology (Cµ), University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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Son KH, Lee DS, Park G, Jeon SY, Lee JE, Jeon HJ, Lee S, Park WJ, Shin Y, Kim SG, Lee DS, Han YR, Kim DS, Jeon YH. Discovery and Feasibility Study of Medical Fluorophore 33 as a Novel Theranostic Agent. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45539-45548. [PMID: 37713436 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent dyes have garnered significant attention as theranostic platforms owing to their inherent characteristics. In this study, we present the discovery of Medical Fluorophore 33 (MF33), a novel and potent theranostic agent with a phenaleno-isoquinolinium salt structure that can serve as a cancer therapeutic strategy. The synthesis of MF33 is readily achievable through a simple Rh(III)-catalyzed reaction. Moreover, MF33 displayed strong fluorescence signals, excellent microsomal stability, and high biocompatibility in vivo. It induces significant apoptosis in cancer cells via the p53/p21/caspase-3 signaling pathway, leading to selective cytotoxicity in various cancer cells. In vivo fluorescence imaging with MF33 enabled the visualization of sentinel lymph nodes in living mice. Notably, repeated intraperitoneal administration of MF33 resulted in antitumor activity in mice with colorectal cancer. Collectively, our findings suggest that phenaleno-isoquinolinium salt-based MF33 is a viable theranostic agent for biomedical imaging and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Hee Son
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDIhub), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Sol Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDIhub), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Geumi Park
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDIhub), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Jeon
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDIhub), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Eon Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDIhub), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Jeon Jeon
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDIhub), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sijoon Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDIhub), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Center for NanoMedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonju Shin
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research, Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong, Daejeon 31414, South Korea
| | - Seong Gon Kim
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research, Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong, Daejeon 31414, South Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Ri Han
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDIhub), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Su Kim
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research, Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong, Daejeon 31414, South Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDIhub), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
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Han YR, Lee DS, Lee SB, Jeon HJ, Lee S, Sung SE, Lee CH, Cho SJ, Kim KS, Kim DS, Jeon YH. Discovery of novel phenaleno isoquinolinium-based fluorescence imaging agents for sentinel lymph node mapping. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9946-9950. [PMID: 34852032 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02146j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging agents have recently received huge attention due to their important role in disease diagnostics. However, the intrinsic problems of these probes, such as complex synthetic routes and high molecular weight, remain challenging. Here, we developed novel phenaleno isoquinolinium-based fluorescent agents, Medical Fluorophores 37-41 (MF37-41), applicable to the quantitative and sensitive detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). These imaging agents showed no adverse effects on the proliferation of immune and normal cells and did not induce in vivo toxicity. In vivo fluorescence lifetime imaging demonstrated the accumulation of phenaleno isoquinolinium salts in the SLNs of nude mice within 15 min postinjection, consistent with our biodistribution findings. These results suggest that phenaleno isoquinolinium salts are feasible fluorescence imaging agents that can be used as potential lymphatic tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ri Han
- New Drug Development Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation Daegu 700-721, South Korea
| | - Da-Sol Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation Daegu 700-721, South Korea.
| | - Sang Bong Lee
- Vaccine Commercialization Center, Gyeongbuk Institute for Bio industry, 88 Saneopdanji-gil, pungsan-eup, Andong-si, Gyeongbuk, 33618, South Korea
| | - Hui-Jeon Jeon
- New Drug Development Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation Daegu 700-721, South Korea
| | - Sijoon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation Daegu 700-721, South Korea.
| | - Soo-Eun Sung
- Laboratory Animal Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation Daegu 700-721, South Korea.
| | - Chang-Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Cho
- New Drug Development Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation Daegu 700-721, South Korea
| | - Kil Soo Kim
- Laboratory Animal Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation Daegu 700-721, South Korea. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Dong-Su Kim
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong, Daejeon 31414, South Korea.
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation Daegu 700-721, South Korea. .,Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
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