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Gao F, Wu Y, Gan C, Hou Y, Deng D, Yi X. Overview of the Design and Application of Photothermal Immunoassays. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:6458. [PMID: 39409498 PMCID: PMC11479306 DOI: 10.3390/s24196458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024]
Abstract
Developing powerful immunoassays for sensitive and real-time detection of targets has always been a challenging task. Due to their advantages of direct readout, controllable sensing, and low background interference, photothermal immunoassays have become a type of new technology that can be used for various applications such as disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety. By modification with antibodies, photothermal materials can induce temperature changes by converting light energy into heat, thereby reporting specific target recognition events. This article reviews the design and application of photothermal immunoassays based on different photothermal materials, including noble metal nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials, two-dimensional nanomaterials, metal oxide and sulfide nanomaterials, Prussian blue nanoparticles, small organic molecules, polymers, etc. It pays special attention to the role of photothermal materials and the working principle of various immunoassays. Additionally, the challenges and prospects for future development of photothermal immunoassays are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengli Gao
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-Electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang 455000, China; (F.G.); (Y.W.); (C.G.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yike Wu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-Electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang 455000, China; (F.G.); (Y.W.); (C.G.); (Y.H.)
| | - Cui Gan
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-Electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang 455000, China; (F.G.); (Y.W.); (C.G.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yupeng Hou
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-Electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang 455000, China; (F.G.); (Y.W.); (C.G.); (Y.H.)
| | - Dehua Deng
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Opto-Electronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang 455000, China; (F.G.); (Y.W.); (C.G.); (Y.H.)
| | - Xinyao Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Liu H, Zhang X, Li X, Wu P. NIR-II-Absorbing TMB Derivative for 1064 nm-Excited Photothermal Immunoassay. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5633-5639. [PMID: 38529943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Materials exhibiting strong absorption in the NIR-II region are appealing for photothermal conversion-based imaging, diagnosis, and therapy, due to better thermal effect and decreased absorption of water in such a region. 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), the typical substrate in ELISA, has been explored in photothermal immunoassay, since its oxidation product (oxTMB) is photothermally active in the NIR region. However, its absorption at 1064 nm (the most often used laser wavelength in photothermal studies) is not appreciable, thus limiting the assay sensitivity. Here, we proposed a derivative of TMB (3,3'-dimethoxy-5,5'-dimethylbenzidine, 2-OCH3) bearing higher NIR-II absorption for 1064 nm-excited photothermal immunoassay. Since electron-donating groups can help decrease the energy gap of molecules (here -CH3 → -OCH3), the oxidation product of 2-OCH3 exhibited substantially red-shifted absorption as compared with oxTMB, leading to a more than twofold higher absorption coefficient at 1064 nm. As a result, 2-OCH3 showed enhanced sensitivity over TMB in a photothermal immunoassay (PTIA), yielding a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 ng/mL for prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The feasibility of 2-OCH3-based PTIA for diagnosis was further validated by analyzing PSA in 61 serum samples. Considering its superior photothermal performance, 2-OCH3 can be explored for a broad range of photothermal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henglin Liu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xianming Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peng Wu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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Wei M, Rao H, Niu Z, Xue X, Luo M, Zhang X, Huang H, Xue Z, Lu X. Breaking the time and space limitation of point-of-care testing strategies: Photothermometric sensors based on different photothermal agents and materials. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Huang H, Rao H, Zhang X, Wang R, Wei M, Xue X, Luo M, Xue Z, Lu X. Integration of organic and inorganic photothermal probes for enhanced photothermometric sensing of silver ions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9252-9255. [PMID: 34519310 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03576b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new signal-amplified photothermometric sensor of Ag+ was explored based on a simple yet effective integration of inorganic and organic photothermal probes, mainly depending on the successful exploitation of a dual-signal transduction channel originating from the inherent photothermal property and the peroxidase-like activity of Prussian blue nanocubes (PB NCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China. .,School of chemistry & Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Honghong Rao
- School of chemistry & Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China. .,School of chemistry & Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Rongji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Mingming Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Mingyue Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Zhonghua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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