1
|
Milanesi F, Roelens S, Francesconi O. Towards Biomimetic Recognition of Glycans by Synthetic Receptors. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300598. [PMID: 37942862 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are abundant in Nature, where they are mostly assembled within glycans as free polysaccharides or conjugated to a variety of biological molecules such as proteins and lipids. Glycans exert several functions, including protein folding, stability, solubility, resistance to proteolysis, intracellular traffic, antigenicity, and recognition by carbohydrate-binding proteins. Interestingly, misregulation of their biosynthesis that leads to changes in glycan structures is frequently recognized as a mark of a disease state. Because of glycan ubiquity, carbohydrate binding agents (CBAs) targeting glycans can lead to a deeper understanding of their function and to the development of new diagnostic and prognostic strategies. Synthetic receptors selectively recognizing specific carbohydrates of biological interest have been developed over the past three decades. In addition to the success obtained in the effective recognition of monosaccharides, synthetic receptors recognizing more complex guests have also been developed, including di- and oligosaccharide fragments of glycans, shedding light on the structural and functional requirements necessary for an effective receptor. In this review, the most relevant achievements in molecular recognition of glycans and their fragments will be summarized, highlighting potentials and future perspectives of glycan-targeting synthetic receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Milanesi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", DICUS and INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Campus Sesto, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Roelens
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", DICUS and INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Campus Sesto, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Oscar Francesconi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", DICUS and INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Campus Sesto, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang L, Gao T, Yan J, Hong Y, Ma Y, Jin R, Kang C, Gao L. Enantiomer Recognition Based on Chirality Transfer from Chiral Amines to Ternary Dynamic Covalent Systems. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1797-1806. [PMID: 38197600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Enantiomer recognition is usually required in organic synthesis and materials and life sciences. This paper describes an enantiomer recognition method based on ternary dynamic covalent systems constructed via the complexation of chiral amines with a chiral boronate derived from 1,4-phenylenediboric acid and an L-DOPA-modified naphthalenediimide. The ternary systems aggregate into chiral assemblies driven by π-π interactions, and the chirality is transferred from the chiral amines to assemblies with high stereospecificity. Consequently, the enantiomer composition of chiral amines and the absolute configuration of the major enantiomer can be determined according to the sign of the Cotton effect of the ternary system by using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. This method offers the advantage of using the long wavelength CD signals of the boronate at around 520 nm, thereby avoiding interference with those of the carbon skeleton. This ternary system provides a novel approach to the design of enantiomer recognition systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangpeng Wang
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Tingting Gao
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jijun Yan
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yun Hong
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Rizhe Jin
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Chuanqing Kang
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lianxun Gao
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shen D, Lu X, Li W, Zou L, Tong Y, Wang L, Rao L, Zhang Y, Hou L, Sun G, Chen L. Identification and characterization of an α-1,3 mannosidase from Elizabethkingia meningoseptica and its potential attenuation impact on allergy associated with cross-reactive carbohydratedeterminant. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 672:17-26. [PMID: 37331167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Core α-1,3 mannose is structurally near the core xylose and core fucose on core pentasaccharide from plant and insect glycoproteins. Mannosidase is a useful tool for characterization the role of core α-1,3 mannose in the composition of glycan related epitope, especially for those epitopes in which core xylose and core fucose are involved. Through functional genomic analysis, we identified a glycoprotein α-1,3 mannosidase and named it MA3. We used MA3 to treat allergen horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) separately. The results showed that after MA3 removed α-1,3 mannose on HRP, the reactivity of HRP with anti-core xylose polyclonal antibody almost disappeared. And the reactivity of MA3-treated PLA2 with anti-core fucose polyclonal antibody decreased partially. In addition, when PLA2 was conducted enzyme digestion by MA3, the reactivity between PLA2 and allergic patients' sera diminished. These results demonstrated that α-1,3 mannose was an critical component of glycan related epitope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Shen
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xinrong Lu
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongliang Tong
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Research and Development, SysDiagno Biomedtech, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Rao
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Linlin Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Guiqin Sun
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie Z, Feng Q, Zhang S, Yan Y, Deng C, Ding CF. Advances in proteomics sample preparation and enrichment for phosphorylation and glycosylation analysis. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2200070. [PMID: 36100958 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
As the common and significant chemical modifications, post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a key role in the functional proteome. Affected by the signal interference, low concentration, and insufficient ionization efficiency of impurities, the direct detection of PTMs by mass spectrometry (MS) still faces many challenges. Therefore, sample preparation and enrichment are an indispensable link before MS analysis of PTMs in proteomics. The rapid development of functionalized materials with diverse morphologies and compositions provides an avenue for sample preparation and enrichment for PTMs analysis. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the application of novel functionalized materials in sample preparation for phosphoproteomes and glycoproteomes analysis. In addition, this review specifically discusses the design and preparation of functionalized materials based on different enrichment mechanisms, and proposes research directions and potential challenges for proteomic PTMs research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Quanshou Feng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinghua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunhui Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Fan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao Y. Molecularly imprinted materials for glycan recognition and processing. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6607-6617. [PMID: 35481837 PMCID: PMC9476894 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00164k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are the most abundant organic molecules on Earth and glycosylation is the most common posttranslational modification of proteins. Glycans are involved in a plethora of biological processes including cell adhesion, bacterial and viral infection, inflammation, and cancer development. Coincidently, glycosides were some of the earliest molecules imprinted and have been instrumental in the development of covalent molecular imprinting technology. This perspective illustrates recently developed molecularly imprinted materials for glycan binding and processing. Novel imprinting techniques and postmodification led to development of synthetic glycan-binding materials capable of competing with natural lectins in affinity and artificial glycosidases for selective hydrolysis of complex glycans. These materials are expected to significantly advance glycochemistry, glycobiology, and related areas such as biomass conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bose I, Zhao Y. Site-Selective Catalytic Epoxidation of Alkene with Tunable, Atomic Precision by Molecularly Imprinted Artificial Epoxidases. ACS Catal 2022; 12:3444-3451. [PMID: 35515882 PMCID: PMC9066603 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Distinction of chemical functionality by their local chemical environment is a skill mastered by enzymes, evident from the selective synthesis, cleavage, and transformation of peptides, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides that abound with the same type of functional groups. In contrast, synthetic catalysts are generally better at differentiating functional groups based on their electronic and steric properties. Here we report artificial epoxidases prepared through molecular imprinting of surface-core doubly cross-linked micelles, followed by efficient functionalization of the imprinted site in the micellar core via photoaffinity labeling. The size and shape of the active sites are tuned by the modularly synthesized templates, with the oxygen-delivering peroxy acid group positioned accurately. These catalysts are used in epoxidation of alkene in water with hydrogen peroxide under mild conditions, without any additional additives. Most importantly, atomic precision is achieved in the catalysis and enables alkenes to be distinguished that differ in the position of the carbon-carbon double bond by a single carbon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tian R, Li Y, Xu J, Hou C, Luo Q, Liu J. Recent development in the design of artificial enzymes through molecular imprinting technology. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6590-6606. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00276k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes, a class of proteins or RNA with high catalytic efficiency and specificity, have inspired generations of scientists to develop enzyme mimics with similar capabilities. Many enzyme mimics have been...
Collapse
|
8
|
Teixeira SPB, Reis RL, Peppas NA, Gomes ME, Domingues RMA. Epitope-imprinted polymers: Design principles of synthetic binding partners for natural biomacromolecules. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi9884. [PMID: 34714673 PMCID: PMC8555893 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi9884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting (MI) has been explored as an increasingly viable tool for molecular recognition in various fields. However, imprinting of biologically relevant molecules like proteins is severely hampered by several problems. Inspired by natural antibodies, the use of epitopes as imprinting templates has been explored to circumvent those limitations, offering lower costs and greater versatility. Here, we review the latest innovations in this technology, as well as different applications where MI polymers (MIPs) have been used to target biomolecules of interest. We discuss the several steps in MI, from the choice of epitope and functional monomers to the different production methods and possible applications. We also critically explore how MIP performance can be assessed by various parameters. Last, we present perspectives on future breakthroughs and advances, offering insights into how MI techniques can be expanded to new fields such as tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simão P. B. Teixeira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1801, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1801, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1801, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1801, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1801, USA
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1801, USA
| | - Manuela E. Gomes
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui M. A. Domingues
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao Y. Substrate Protection in Controlled Enzymatic Transformation of Peptides and Proteins. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2680-2687. [PMID: 34058051 PMCID: PMC8453913 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are involved in practically every single biological process. The many enzymes involved in their synthesis, cleavage, and posttranslational modification (PTM) carry out highly specific tasks with no usage of protecting groups. Yet, the chemists' strategy of protection/deprotection potentially can be highly useful, for example, when a specific biochemical reaction catalyzed by a broad-specificity enzyme needs to be inhibited, during infection of cells by enveloped viruses, in the invasion and spread of cancer cells, and upon mechanistic investigation of signal-transduction pathways. Doing so requires highly specific binding of peptide substrates in aqueous solution with biologically competitive affinities. Recent development of peptide-imprinted cross-linked micelles allows such protection and affords previously impossible ways of manipulating peptides and proteins in enzymatic transformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of ChemistryIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011–3111USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bose I, Zhao Y. Tandem Aldol Reaction from Acetal Mixtures by an Artificial Enzyme with Site-Isolated Acid and Base Functionalities. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:2776-2784. [PMID: 34447941 PMCID: PMC8384266 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Site-isolation of catalysts can enable incompatible catalysts such as acid and base to be used in one pot for enhanced efficiency and other benefits. Although many synthetic platforms have been reported for this purpose, they generally do not possess the exquisite selectivity of site-isolated enzymes in nature. Here we report water-soluble protein-sized nanoparticles with site-isolated acids in the core and amines on the surface. The catalysts were made through molecular imprinting of cross-linked micelles, followed by facile one-step photoaffinity labeling of the imprinted binding site. With a tunable, substrate-specific active site, the bifunctional artificial enzyme catalyzed highly selective tandem cross aldol reaction between acetone and mixtures of isomeric aryl acetals. It could also transform a less reactive substrate over a more reactive one.
Collapse
|
11
|
Li X, Chen K, Zhao Y. Sequence‐Selective Protection of Peptides from Proteolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011-3111 USA
| | - Kaiqian Chen
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011-3111 USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011-3111 USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li X, Chen K, Zhao Y. Sequence-Selective Protection of Peptides from Proteolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11092-11097. [PMID: 33725413 PMCID: PMC8252432 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteolysis of proteins and peptides is involved in the infection of cells by enveloped viruses and also in the invasion and spread of cancer cells. Shutting down broad‐specificity proteases, however, is problematic because normal functions by these proteases will be affected. Herein, nanoparticle receptors were prepared from molecular imprinting for complex biological peptides. Their strong and selective binding enabled them to protect their targeted sequences from proteolysis in aqueous solution at stoichiometric amounts. Generality of the method was demonstrated by the protection of hydrophobic and hydrophilic peptides from different proteases, selective protection of a segment of a long peptide, and selective protection of a targeted peptide in a mixture. Most interestingly, two receptors targeting different parts of a long peptide could work in cooperation to protect the overall sequence, highlighting the versatility of the method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3111, USA
| | - Kaiqian Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3111, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li X, Zangiabadi M, Zhao Y. Molecularly Imprinted Synthetic Glucosidase for the Hydrolysis of Cellulose in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5172-5181. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| | - Milad Zangiabadi
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bose I, Fa S, Zhao Y. Tunable Artificial Enzyme-Cofactor Complex for Selective Hydrolysis of Acetals. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1701-1711. [PMID: 33397107 PMCID: PMC8170846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes frequently use unimpressive functional groups such as weak carboxylic acids for efficient, highly selective catalysis including hydrolysis of acetals and even amides. Much stronger acids generally have to be used for such purposes in synthetic systems. We report here a method to position an acidic group near the acetal oxygen of 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3-dioxolane bound by an artificial enzyme. The hydrolytic activity of the resulting artificial enzyme-cofactor complex was tuned by the number and depth of the active site as well as the hydrophobicity and acidity of the cofactor. The selectivity of the complex was controlled by the size and shape of the active site and enabled less reactive acetals to be hydrolyzed over more reactive ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| | - Shixin Fa
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li X, Zhao Y. Synthetic Glycosidase Distinguishing Glycan and Glycosidic Linkage in Its Catalytic Hydrolysis. ACS Catal 2020; 10:13800-13808. [PMID: 34123483 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Selective hydrolysis of carbohydrates is vital to the processing of these molecules in biology but has rarely been achieved with synthetic catalysts. The challenge is especially difficult because the catalyst needs to distinguish the inversion of a single hydroxyl and the α or β glycosidic bonds that join monosaccharide building blocks. Here we report synthetic glycosidase prepared through molecular imprinting within a cross-linked micelle. The nanoparticle catalyst resembles natural enzymes in dimension, water-solubility, and a hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface-core topology. Its boronic acid-functionalized active site binds its targeted glycoside substrate and an acid cofactor simultaneously, with the acidic group in close proximity to the exocyclic glycosidic oxygen. The hydrophobically anchored acid cofactor is tunable in acidity and causes selective cleavage of the targeted glycoside in mildly acidic water. Selectivity for both the glycan and the α/β glycosidic bond can be rationally designed through the molecular imprinting process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| |
Collapse
|