1
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Philippi F, Middendorf M, Shigenobu K, Matsuyama Y, Palumbo O, Pugh D, Sudoh T, Dokko K, Watanabe M, Schönhoff M, Shinoda W, Ueno K. Evolving better solvate electrolytes for lithium secondary batteries. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7342-7358. [PMID: 38756793 PMCID: PMC11095511 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01492h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The overall performance of lithium batteries remains unmatched to this date. Decades of optimisation have resulted in long-lasting batteries with high energy density suitable for mobile applications. However, the electrolytes used at present suffer from low lithium transference numbers, which induces concentration polarisation and reduces efficiency of charging and discharging. Here we show how targeted modifications can be used to systematically evolve anion structural motifs which can yield electrolytes with high transference numbers. Using a multidisciplinary combination of theoretical and experimental approaches, we screened a large number of anions. Thus, we identified anions which reach lithium transference numbers around 0.9, surpassing conventional electrolytes. Specifically, we find that nitrile groups have a coordination tendency similar to SO2 and are capable of inducing the formation of Li+ rich clusters. In the bigger picture, we identified a balanced anion/solvent coordination tendency as one of the key design parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Philippi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 Japan
| | | | - Keisuke Shigenobu
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yuna Matsuyama
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 Japan
| | - Oriele Palumbo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, P.le Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - David Pugh
- Department of Chemistry, Britannia House, Kings College London 7 Trinity Street London SE1 1DB UK
| | - Taku Sudoh
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 Japan
| | - Kaoru Dokko
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 Japan
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre, Advanced Institute of Sciences, Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 Japan
| | - Masayoshi Watanabe
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre, Advanced Institute of Sciences, Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 Japan
| | | | - Wataru Shinoda
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Kazuhide Ueno
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 Japan
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre, Advanced Institute of Sciences, Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama 240-8501 Japan
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2
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Lau S, Bilodeau CL. Effect of Monovalent Cations on the Structure and Dynamics of Multimodal Chromatographic Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6694-6702. [PMID: 38518252 PMCID: PMC10993413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
While multimodal (MM) chromatography is a promising approach for purifying proteins, the lack of a fundamental understanding of how ion-ligand interactions govern selectivity limits its use in the biopharmaceutical industry. This study uses molecular dynamics simulations to study the interactions between simple monovalent cations and two commonly used structurally similar multimodal chromatography ligands, the Capto ligand and Nuvia cPrime, immobilized on the surface. On the Capto ligand surface, ion presence and type play a key role in modulating the formation of phenyl rings and carboxylate clusters. The flexible linkage attaching the Capto ligand to the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) surface allowed multiple ligands to form interactions with the small cations, while large cations interacted less strongly, following the order Li+ > Na+ > K+ > Cs+. Thus, smaller cations resulted in greater ordering on the surface and lower ion diffusivities, while larger cations resulted in less ordering and higher ion diffusivities, following the order Li+ < Na+ < K+ < Cs+. In contrast, due to the rigid attachment of Nuvia cPrime to the SAM surfaces, the cations bound less strongly and had a much smaller effect on ligand clustering or ordering. Additionally, ions in the presence of the Nuvia cPrime surface had generally greater diffusivities than those in the presence of the Capto ligand. Overall, the interaction of cations with the multimodal ligands can lead to unique configurations on the SAM that likely contribute to differential behavior in biological separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina
C. Lau
- Dublin
High School, Dublin, California 94568, United States
| | - Camille L. Bilodeau
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
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3
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Bergstrom HK, McCloskey BD. Ion Transport in (Localized) High Concentration Electrolytes for Li-Based Batteries. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2024; 9:373-380. [PMID: 38356937 PMCID: PMC10863389 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
High concentration electrolytes (HCEs) and localized high concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) have emerged as promising candidates to enable higher energy density Li-ion batteries due to their advantageous interfacial properties that result from their unique solvent structures. Using electrophoretic NMR and electrochemical techniques, we characterize and report full transport properties, including the lithium transference numbers (t+) for electrolytes ranging from the conventional ∼1 M to HCE regimes as well as for LHCE systems. We find that compared to conventional electrolytes, t+ increases for HCEs; however the addition of diluents to LHCEs significantly decreases t+. Viscosity effects alone cannot explain this behavior. Using Onsager transport coefficients calculated from our experiments, we demonstrate that there is more positively correlated cation-cation motion in HCEs as well as fast cation-anion ligand exchange consistent with a concerted ion-hopping mechanism. The addition of diluents to LHCEs results in more anticorrelated motion indicating a disruption of concerted cation-hopping leading to low t+ in LHCEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen K. Bergstrom
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bryan D. McCloskey
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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4
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Chikaoka Y, Tashiro T, Sawayama S, Kobayashi A, Matsumoto A, Iwama E, Naoi K, Fujii K. A structural study on a specific Li-ion ordered complex in dimethyl carbonate-based dual-cation electrolytes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:3920-3926. [PMID: 38230686 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05526d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is a linear carbonate solvent commonly used as an electrolyte for electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and Li-ion batteries. However, there are serious problems with the use of DMC as an electrolyte solvent: (1) low ionic conductivity when using Li salts (e.g. LiBF4) and (2) liquid-liquid phase separation when using spiro-type quaternary ammonium salts (e.g. SBPBF4). Dual-cation electrolytes, i.e., bi-salt (SBPBF4 and LiBF4) in DMC, are promising candidates to avoid the phase separation issue and to enhance the total and Li+ conductivities. Herein, we reported a specific Li-ion structure in DMC-based dual-cation electrolytes by combining high-energy X-ray total scattering (HEXTS) and all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Quantitative radial distribution function analysis based on experimental and simulation results revealed that the phase-separated SBPBF4/DMC (i.e., the bottom phase of 1 M SBPBF4/DMC) forms long-range ion ordering based on the structured SBP+-BF4- ion pairs. When adding LiBF4 salt into SBPBF4/DMC (i.e., dual-cation electrolyte), the ordered SBP+-BF4- structure disappeared owing to the formation of Li-ion solvation complexes. We found that in the dual-cation electrolyte Li ions form multiple Li+-Li+ ordered complexes in spite of relatively low Li-salt concentration (1 M), being a promising Li+-conducting medium with reduced Li salt usage and low viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chikaoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8558, Japan.
- Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tashiro
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan.
| | - Saki Sawayama
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan.
| | - Ayana Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8558, Japan.
| | - Ayuna Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8558, Japan.
| | - Etsuro Iwama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8558, Japan.
- Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Naoi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8558, Japan.
- Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kenta Fujii
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan.
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5
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Hua H, Huang B, Yang X, Cheng J, Zhang P, Zhao J. Toward a molecular understanding of the conductivity of lithium-ion conducting polyanion polymer electrolytes by molecular dynamics simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:29894-29904. [PMID: 37901964 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02225k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
With the improved lithium-ion transference number near unity, the low conductivity of single lithium-ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes (SLIC-SPEs) still hinders their application in high-rate batteries. Though some empirical conclusions on the conducting mechanism of SLIC-SPEs have been obtained, a more comprehensive study on the quantitative relationship between the molecular structure factors and ionic conduction performance is expected. In this study, a model structure that contains adjustable main chain and anion groups in the polyethylene oxide (PEO) matrix was used to clarify the influence of molecular structural factors on ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability of SLIC-SPEs. The anionic group was further disassembled into the intermediate group and end group while the main chain structure was distinguished into different degrees of polymerization and various lengths of the spacers between anions. Therefore, a well-defined molecular structure was employed to describe its relationship with ionic conductivity. In addition, the dissociation degree of salts and mobility of ions changing with the molecular structure were also discussed to explore the fundamental causes of conductivity. It can be concluded that the anion group affects the conductivity mainly via the dissociation degree, while the main chain structure impacts the conductivity by both dissociation degree and mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Hua
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Power Source Technology for New Energy Vehicle, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Boyang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Power Source Technology for New Energy Vehicle, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Xueying Yang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Jinbao Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Power Source Technology for New Energy Vehicle, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
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6
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Shigenobu K, Sudoh T, Murai J, Dokko K, Watanabe M, Ueno K. Ion Transport in Glyme- and Sulfolane-Based Highly Concentrated Electrolytes. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200301. [PMID: 36802142 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Highly concentrated electrolytes (HCEs) have a similarity to ionic liquids (ILs) in high ionic nature, and indeed some of HECs are found to behave like an IL. HCEs have attracted considerable attention as prospective candidates for electrolyte materials in future lithium secondary batteries owing to their favorable properties both in the bulk and at the electrochemical interface. In this study, we highlight the effects of the solvent, counter anion, and diluent of HCEs on the Li+ ion coordination structure and transport properties (e. g., ionic conductivity and apparent Li+ ion transference number measured under anion-blocking conditions,t L i a b c ${{t}_{{\rm L}{\rm i}}^{{\rm a}{\rm b}{\rm c}}}$ ). Our studies on dynamic ion correlations unveiled the difference in the ion conduction mechanisms in HCEs and their intimate relevance tot L i a b c ${{t}_{{\rm L}{\rm i}}^{{\rm a}{\rm b}{\rm c}}}$ values. Our systematic analysis of the transport properties of HCEs also suggests the need for a compromise to simultaneously achieve high ionic conductivity and hight L i a b c ${{t}_{{\rm L}{\rm i}}^{{\rm a}{\rm b}{\rm c}}}$ values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Shigenobu
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Taku Sudoh
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Junichi Murai
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kaoru Dokko
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Y, okohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Watanabe
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Y, okohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Ueno
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Y, okohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
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7
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Umebayashi Y, Han J, Watanabe H. Toward New Ion Conductive Liquids via Ionic Liquids. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200302. [PMID: 37129563 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the current era that it is strongly expected the SDGs would be achieved, electrolyte solutions in electrochemical devices and processes are being studied from dilute and concentrated solutions, through inorganic molten salts, deep eutectic solvents, and ionic liquids, to super-concentrated solutions. Although concepts based on empirical laws such as the Walden rule and hydrodynamics such as the Stokes rule are still useful for ionic conduction in solution, it is expected that superionic conduction-like mechanisms that are scarcely found in conventional electrolytes. Here, the authors' recent results are described based on the local structure and speciation of ionic species in solution, focusing on protons and lithium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Umebayashi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Jihae Han
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hikari Watanabe
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
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8
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Tsuzuki S, Ikeda S, Shinoda W, Shigenobu K, Ueno K, Dokko K, Watanabe M. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of High-Concentration Li[TFSA] Sulfone Solution: Effect of Easy Conformation Change of Sulfolane on Fast Diffusion of Li Ion. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37428625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The parameters of the polarizable force field used for molecular dynamics simulations of Li diffusion in high-concentration lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (Li[TFSA]) sulfone (sulfolane, dimethylsulfone, ethylmethylsulfone, and ethyl-i-propylsulfone) solutions were refined. The densities of the solutions obtained by molecular dynamics simulations reproduced well the experimental values. The calculated concentration, temperature, and solvent dependencies of self-diffusion coefficients of ions and solvents in the mixtures well reproduce the experimentally observed dependencies. Ab initio calculations show that the intermolecular interactions between Li ions and four sulfones are not largely different. Conformational analyses show that sulfolane can change the conformation more easily owing to lower barrier height for pseudorotation compared to the rotational barrier heights of diethylsulfone and ethylmethylsulfone. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the easy conformation change of solvent affects the rotational relaxation of the solvent and the diffusion of Li ion in the mixture. The easy conformation change of sulfolane is one of the causes of faster diffusion of Li ion in the mixture of Li[TFSA] and sulfolane compared to the mixtures of smaller dimethylsulfone and ethylmethylsulfone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Tsuzuki
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ikeda
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Wataru Shinoda
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shigenobu
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Ueno
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kaoru Dokko
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Watanabe
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
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9
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Quan Y, Wu S, Yang K, Hu L, Zhang X, Hu X, Liang H, Li S. Improving performances of the electrode/electrolyte interface via the regulation of solvation complexes: a review and prospect. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4772-4780. [PMID: 36779505 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr07273d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The electrode/electrolyte interface (EEI) is a research hotspot in lithium-ion batteries, while the electrolyte solvation complex can be regarded as a factor that cannot be ignored in determining the performance of the EEI. From the perspective of the electrolyte solvation complex, this review summarizes the effects of solvation complexes on the composition of an EEI film and the Li+ desolvation process, and further clarifies the internal mechanism of the electrolyte composition controlling solvation chemistry. Finally, combined with doubtful points that are not comprehensively considered in the regulation of solvated complexes, this review puts forward some cutting-edge views, which are of great significance for future guidance in improving the performance of lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Quan
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China
| | - Shumin Wu
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China
| | - Kerong Yang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China
| | - Ling Hu
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China
| | - Hongcheng Liang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China
| | - Shiyou Li
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P.R. China
- Engineering Laboratory of Electrolyte Material for Lithium- ion Battery of Gansu Province, Baiyin, 730900, P. R. China
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10
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Stevens MJ, Rempe SLB. Carboxylate binding prefers two cations to one. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22198-22205. [PMID: 36093927 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03561h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Almost all studies of specific ion binding by carboxylates (-COO-) have considered only a single cation, but clustering of ions and ligands is a common phenomenon. We apply density functional theory to investigate how variations in the number of acetate ligands in binding to two monovalent cations affects ion binding preferences. We study a series of monovalent (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+) ions relevant to experimental work on many topics, including ion channels, battery storage, water purification and solar cells. We find that the preferred optimal structure has 3 acetates except for Cs+, which has 2 acetates. The optimal coordination of the cation by the carboxylate O atoms is 4 for both Na+ and K+, and 3 for Li+ and Cs+. There is a 4-fold coordination minimum just a few kcal mol-1 higher than the optimal 3-fold structure for Li+. For two cations, multiple minima occur in the vicinity of the lowest free energy state. We find that, for Li, Na and K, the preferred optimal structure with two cations is favored over a mixture of single cation complexes, providing a basis for understanding ionic cluster formation that is relevant for engineering proteins and other materials for rapid, selective ion transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Stevens
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.
| | - Susan L B Rempe
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA. .,CBRN Defense and Energy Technologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
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11
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Halat DM, Fang C, Hickson D, Mistry A, Reimer JA, Balsara NP, Wang R. Electric-Field-Induced Spatially Dynamic Heterogeneity of Solvent Motion and Cation Transference in Electrolytes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:198002. [PMID: 35622024 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.198002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
While electric fields primarily result in migration of charged species in electrolytic solutions, the solutions are dynamically heterogeneous. Solvent molecules within the solvation shells of the cation will be dragged by the field while free solvent molecules will not. We combine electrophoretic NMR measurements of ion and solvent velocities under applied electric fields with molecular dynamics simulations to interrogate different solvation motifs in a model liquid electrolyte. Measured values of the cation transference number (t_{+}^{0}) agree quantitatively with simulation-based predictions over a range of electrolyte concentrations. Solvent-cation interactions strongly influence the concentration-dependent behavior of t_{+}^{0}. We identify a critical concentration at which most of the solvent molecules lie within solvation shells of the cations. The dynamic heterogeneity of solvent molecules is minimized at this concentration where t_{+}^{0} is approximately equal to zero.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Halat
- Materials Sciences Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Chao Fang
- Materials Sciences Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Darby Hickson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Aashutosh Mistry
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Reimer
- Materials Sciences Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Nitash P Balsara
- Materials Sciences Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Materials Sciences Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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12
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A robust crosslinked polysiloxane-embedded nanofiber membrane for long-cycle lithium metal batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Kondou S, Sakashita Y, Yang X, Hashimoto K, Dokko K, Watanabe M, Ueno K. Li-Ion Transport and Solvation of a Li Salt of Weakly Coordinating Polyanions in Ethylene Carbonate/Dimethyl Carbonate Mixtures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:18324-18334. [PMID: 35426656 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c25067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Electrolytes with a high Li-ion transference number (tLi) have attracted significant attention for the improvement of the rapid charge-discharge performance of Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Nonaqueous polyelectrolyte solutions exhibit high tLi upon immobilization of the anion on a polymer backbone. However, the transport properties and Li-ion solvation in these media are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the Li salt of a weakly coordinating polyanion, poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide] (poly(LiSTFSA)), in various ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate mixtures. The highest ionic conductivity was unexpectedly observed for the lowest polar mixture at the highest salt concentration despite the low dissociation degree of poly(LiSTFSA). This was attributed to a unique conduction phenomenon resulting from the faster diffusion of transiently solvated Li ions along the interconnected aggregates of polyanion chains. A Li/LiFePO4 cell using such an electrolyte demonstrated improved rate capability. These results provide insights into a design strategy of nonaqueous liquid electrolytes for LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kondou
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakashita
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kei Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Kaoru Dokko
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Watanabe
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Ueno
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
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14
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Burba CM, Feightner K, Liu M, Hawari A. The Effect of Fluorinated Solvents on Physicochemical Properties, Ionic Association, and Free Volume of a Prototypical Solvate Ionic Liquid. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202100548. [PMID: 34982854 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Solvate ionic liquid synthesis and properties depend on a delicate balancing of cation-solvent and cation-anion interactions to produce materials containing only cation-solvent complexes and solvent-separated anions. Most SILs meeting these characteristics fall within the paradigm of oligomeric ethylene oxides and lithium salts. Targeted functionalization of solvent molecules to achieve desired properties is a relatively unexplored avenue of research. We explore solvent fluorination for a prototypical SIL based on lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiNTf2) and triethylene glycol (TEG). In the first experiment, TEG is partially substituted with 2,2,4,4,5,5,7,7-octafluoro-3,6-dioxaoctane-1,8-diol (FTEG). This leads to a decrease in ionic conductivity and proliferation of Li(NTf2)2- species. Both results suggest FTEG does not readily coordinate Li+ ; a conclusion that is reinforced by computational studies of [(TEG)1Li]+ and [(FTEG)1Li]+ cation stabilities. A second experiment adds FTEG as a diluent to [(TEG)1Li]NTf2. This places FTEG and TEG in competition to coordinate a limited number of Li+ ions. The resulting mixtures exhibit conductivity and viscosity enhancements over the parent SIL and minimal changes in ion speciation due to the poor Li+ binding by FTEG. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic studies point to increased amounts of free volume upon dilution of FTEG. This likely explains the origin of the conductivity enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Burba
- Northeastern State University, Department of Natural Sciences, 611 N Grand Ave, 74464, Tahlequah, UNITED STATES
| | - Kylie Feightner
- Northeastern State University, Department of Natural Sciences, 611 N Grand Ave, 74464-2302, United States, Tahlequah, UNITED STATES
| | - Ming Liu
- North Carolina State University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, UNITED STATES
| | - Ayman Hawari
- North Carolina State University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, UNITED STATES
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15
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Kubisiak P, Wróbel P, Eilmes A. How Temperature, Pressure, and Salt Concentration Affect Correlations in LiTFSI/EMIM-TFSI Electrolytes: A Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:12292-12302. [PMID: 34706539 PMCID: PMC8591607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Classical polarizable molecular dynamics simulations have been performed for LiTFSI solutions in the EMIM-TFSI ionic liquid. Different temperature or pressure values and salt concentrations have been examined. The structure and dynamics of the solvation shell of Li+ cations, diffusion coefficients of ions, conductivities of the electrolytes, and correlations between motions of ions have been analyzed. The results indicated that regardless of the conditions, significant correlations are present in all systems. The degree of correlations depends mainly on the salt fraction in the electrolyte and is much less affected by temperature and pressure changes. A positive correlation between motions of Li+ cations and TFSI anions, leading to the occurrence of negative Li+ transference numbers, exists for all conditions, although temperature and pressure changes affect the speed of anion exchange in Li+ solvation shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kubisiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Wróbel
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Eilmes
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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16
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Ugata Y, Shigenobu K, Tatara R, Ueno K, Watanabe M, Dokko K. Solvate electrolytes for Li and Na batteries: structures, transport properties, and electrochemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:21419-21436. [PMID: 34550122 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02946k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Polar solvents dissolve Li and Na salts at high concentrations and are used as electrolyte solutions for batteries. The solvents interact strongly with the alkali metal cations to form complexes in the solution. The activity (concentration) of the uncoordinated solvent decreases as the salt concentration is increased. At extremely high salt concentrations, all the solvent molecules are involved in the coordination of the ions and form the solvates of the salts. In this article, we review the structures, transport properties, and electrochemistry of Li/Na salt solvates. In molten solvates, the activity of the uncoordinated solvent is negligible; this is the main origin of their peculiar characteristics, such as high thermal stability, wide electrochemical window, and unique ion transport. In addition, the solvent activity greatly influences the electrochemical reactions in Li/Na batteries. We highlight the attractive features of molten solvates as promising electrolytes for next-generation batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Ugata
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Shigenobu
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Ryoichi Tatara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.,Unit of Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Ueno
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan. .,Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center, Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Watanabe
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center, Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kaoru Dokko
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan. .,Unit of Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.,Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center, Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
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17
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KONDOU S, DOKKO K, WATANABE M, UENO K. Rate Performance of LiCoO 2 Half-cells Using Highly Concentrated Lithium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide Electrolytes and Their Relevance to Transport Properties. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.21-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji KONDOU
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Yokohama National University
| | - Kaoru DOKKO
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University
| | - Masayoshi WATANABE
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University
| | - Kazuhide UENO
- Advanced Chemical Energy Research Centre (ACERC), Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University
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