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Das B, Dahiya A, Patel BK. Isothiocyanates: happy-go-lucky reagents in organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3772-3798. [PMID: 38656266 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00281d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Owing to their unique structural features, isothiocyanates (ITCs) are a class of highly useful and inimitable reagents as the -NCS group serves both as electrophile and nucleophile in organic synthesis. ITCs share a rich legacy in organic, medicinal, and combinatorial chemistry. Compared to their oxygen equivalents, isocyanates, ITCs are easily available, less unpleasant, and somewhat less harmful to work with (mild conditions) which makes them happy-go-lucky reagents. Functionalized ITCs can finely tune the reactivity of the -NCS group and thus can be exploited in the late-stage functionalization processes. This review's primary aim is to outline ITC chemistry in the construction and derivatization of heterocycles through the lens of sustainability. For ease and brevity, the sections are divided based on reactive centers present in functionalized ITCs and modes of cyclisation. Scrutinizing their probable unexplored directions for future research studies is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bubul Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Bagadhar Brahma Kishan College, Jalah, Assam 781327, India
| | - Anjali Dahiya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
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2
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Bano K, Sharma J, Jain A, Tsurugi H, Panda TK. A binuclear aluminium complex as a single competent catalyst for efficient synthesis of urea, biuret, isourea, isothiourea, phosphorylguanidine, and quinazolinones. RSC Adv 2023; 13:3020-3032. [PMID: 36756451 PMCID: PMC9850453 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07714k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and characterisation of two mononuclear aluminium alkyl complexes with the general composition [Al(Me)2{Ph2P(E)N(CH2)2N(CH2CH2)2O}] (E = Se (2a); S (2b)), and two binuclear aluminium complexes, [Al(Me)2{Ph2P-(E)N(CH2)2N(CH2CH2)2O}(AlMe3)] (E = Se (3a) and S (3b)), are described. The binuclear aluminium alkyl complex 3a proved to be a proficient catalyst for the addition of simple nucleophiles to heterocumulenes, leading to the synthesis of a variety of products such as urea, biuret, isourea, isothiourea, phosphorylguanidine, and quinazolinone derivatives, in contrast to its mononuclear analogues. Complex 3a is the first example of a single competent catalyst, which is also low-cost and eco-friendly and derived from a main-group metal, under solvent-free conditions either at room temperature or mild temperatures. Complex 3a possessed a wide functional group tolerance including heteroatoms, yielding the corresponding insertion products in good quantities and with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulsum Bano
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kandi-502 285, Sangareddy Hyderabad Telangana India https://sites.google.com/site/tkpandagroup/home
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kandi-502 285, Sangareddy Hyderabad Telangana India https://sites.google.com/site/tkpandagroup/home
| | - Archana Jain
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology Gandipet-500 075 Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of TechnologyKandi-502 285, SangareddyHyderabadTelanganaIndiahttps://sites.google.com/site/tkpandagroup/home
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Dasgupta A, van Ingen Y, Guerzoni MG, Farshadfar K, Rawson JM, Richards E, Ariafard A, Melen RL. Lewis Acid Assisted Brønsted Acid Catalysed Decarbonylation of Isocyanates: A Combined DFT and Experimental Study. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201422. [PMID: 35560742 PMCID: PMC9541586 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and mild reaction protocol for the decarbonylation of isocyanates has been developed using catalytic amounts of Lewis acidic boranes. The electronic nature (electron withdrawing, electron neutral, and electron donating) and the position of the substituents (ortho/meta/para) bound to isocyanate controls the chain length and composition of the products formed in the reaction. Detailed DFT studies were undertaken to account for the formation of the mono/di‐carboxamidation products and benzoxazolone compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Dasgupta
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Yara van Ingen
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Michael G Guerzoni
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Kaveh Farshadfar
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central TehranBranch, Poonak, Tehran, 1469669191, Iran
| | - Jeremy M Rawson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Emma Richards
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Melen
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, United Kingdom
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Bano K, Kisan DA, Panda TK. Facile Synthesis of Benzimidazole and Benzothiazole Compounds Mediated by Zinc Precatalyst Supported by Iminopyrrole‐Morpholine Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kulsum Bano
- IITH: Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Chemistry KandiSangareddy 502285 INDIA
| | - Devadkar Ajitrao Kisan
- IITH: Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Chemistry KandiSangareddy 502285 Hyderabad INDIA
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- IITH: Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Chemistry KandiSangareddy 502285 Hyderabad INDIA
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Brieger L, Unkelbach C, Strohmann C. THF-solvated Heavy Alkali Metal Benzyl Compounds (Na, Rb, Cs): Defined Deprotonation Reagents for Alkali Metal Mediation Chemistry. Chemistry 2021; 27:17780-17784. [PMID: 34633717 PMCID: PMC9298144 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of heavy alkali metals into substrates is both challenging and essential for many reactions. Here, we report the formation of THF‐solvated alkali metal benzyl compounds [PhCH2M ⋅ (thf)n] (M=Na, Rb, Cs). The synthesis was carried out by deprotonation of toluene with the bimetallic mixture n‐butyllithium/alkali metal tert‐butoxide and selective crystallization from THF of the defined benzyl compounds. Insights into the molecular structure in the solid as well as in solution state are gained by single crystal X‐ray experiments and NMR spectroscopic studies. The compounds could be successfully used as alkali metal mediating reagents. The example of caesium showed the convenient use by deprotonating acidic C−H as well as N−H compounds to gain insight into the aminometalation using these reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Brieger
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Unkelbach
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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Zhu X, Xu M, Sun J, Guo D, Zhang Y, Zhou S, Wang S. Hydroamination and Hydrophosphination of Isocyanates/Isothiocyanates under Catalyst‐Free Conditions. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiancui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Mengchen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Jinrong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Dianjun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Shuangliu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
- Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering Anhui Laboratory of Functional Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Anhui Polytechnic University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
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Banerjee I, Panda TK. Recent developments in the reduction of unsaturated bonds by magnesium precursors. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Sangareddy India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Sangareddy India
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Huke CD, Kays DL. Hydrofunctionalization reactions of heterocumulenes: Formation of C–X (X = B, N, O, P, S and Si) bonds by homogeneous metal catalysts. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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