1
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Feng L, Hu W, Zeng X, Wei Z, Long Y, Li M, Sun S, Guo Z, Lan X, Zhang X, Zhuang R, Jiang D. Development and Evaluation of DOTA-FAPI-Maleimide as a Novel Radiotracer for Tumor Theranostic with Extended Circulation. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:4386-4394. [PMID: 39046432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate a novel albumin-binding strategy for addressing the challenge of insufficient tumor retention of fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs). Maleimide, a molecule capable of covalent binding to free thiol groups, was modified to conjugate with FAPI-04 in order to enhance its binding to endogenous albumin, resulting in an extended blood circulation half-life and increased tumor uptake. DOTA-FAPI-maleimide was prepared and radiolabeled with Ga-68 and Lu-177, followed by cellular assays, pharmacokinetic analysis, PET/CT, and SPECT/CT imaging to assess the probe distribution in various tumor-bearing models. Radiolabeling of the modified probe was successfully achieved with a radiochemical yield of over 99% and remained stable for 144 h. Cellular assays showed that the ligand concentration required for 50% inhibition of the probe was 1.20 ± 0.31 nM, and the Kd was 0.70 ± 0.07 nM with a Bmax of 7.94 ± 0.16 fmol/cell, indicative of higher specificity and affinity of DOTA-FAPI-maleimide compared to other FAPI-04 variants. In addition, DOTA-FAPI-maleimide exhibited a persistent blood clearance half-life of 7.11 ± 0.34 h. PET/CT images showed a tumor uptake of 2.20 ± 0.44%ID/g at 0.5 h p.i., with a tumor/muscle ratio of 5.64 in HT-1080-FAP tumor-bearing models. SPECT/CT images demonstrated long-lasting tumor retention. At 24 h p.i., the tumor uptake of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FAPI-maleimide reached 5.04 ± 1.67%ID/g, with stable tumor retention of 3.40 ± 1.95%ID/g after 4 days p.i. In conclusion, we developed and evaluated the thiol group-attaching strategy, which significantly extended the circulation and tumor retention of the adapted FAPI tracer. We envision its potential application for clinical cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenzhu Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xinying Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Long
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhide Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rongqiang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
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2
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Babanyinah GK, Bhadran A, Polara H, Wang H, Shah T, Biewer MC, Stefan MC. Maleimide functionalized polycaprolactone micelles for glutathione quenching and doxorubicin delivery. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9987-10001. [PMID: 38966382 PMCID: PMC11220601 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01625d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
High glutathione production is known to be one of the defense mechanisms by which many cancer cells survive elevated oxidative stress. By explicitly targeting glutathione in these cancer cells and diminishing its levels, oxidative stress can be intensified, ultimately triggering apoptosis or programmed cell death. Herein, we developed a novel approach by creating maleimide-functionalized polycaprolactone polymers, specifically using 2,3-diiodomaleimide functionality to reduce the level of glutathione in cancer cells. Polycaprolactone was chosen to conjugate the 2,3-diiodomaleimide functionality due to its biodegradable and biocompatible properties. The amphiphilic block copolymer was synthesized using PEG as a macroinitiator to make corresponding polymeric micelles. The resulting 2,3-diiodomaleimide-conjugated polycaprolactone micelles effectively quenched glutathione, even at low concentrations (0.01 mg mL-1). Furthermore, we loaded these micelles with the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX), which exhibited pH-dependent drug release. We obtained a loading capacity (LC) of 3.5% for the micelles, one of the highest LC reported among functional PCL-based micelles. Moreover, the enhanced LC doesn't affect their release profile. Cytotoxicity experiments demonstrated that empty and DOX-loaded micelles inhibited cancer cell growth, with the DOX-loaded micelles displaying the highest cytotoxicity. The ability of the polymer to quench intracellular GSH was also confirmed. This approach of attaching maleimide to polycaprolactone polymers shows promise in depleting elevated glutathione levels in cancer cells, potentially improving cancer treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin K Babanyinah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA
| | - Abhi Bhadran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA
| | - Himanshu Polara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA
| | - Hanghang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA
| | - Tejas Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA
| | - Michael C Biewer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA
| | - Mihaela C Stefan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA
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3
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Hartmann P, Bohdan K, Hommrich M, Juliá F, Vogelsang L, Eirich J, Zangl R, Farès C, Jacobs JB, Mukhopadhyay D, Mengeler JM, Vetere A, Sterling MS, Hinrichs H, Becker S, Morgner N, Schrader W, Finkemeier I, Dietz KJ, Griesinger C, Ritter T. Chemoselective umpolung of thiols to episulfoniums for cysteine bioconjugation. Nat Chem 2024; 16:380-388. [PMID: 38123842 PMCID: PMC10914617 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine conjugation is an important tool in protein research and relies on fast, mild and chemoselective reactions. Cysteinyl thiols can either be modified with prefunctionalized electrophiles, or converted into electrophiles themselves for functionalization with selected nucleophiles in an independent step. Here we report a bioconjugation strategy that uses a vinyl thianthrenium salt to transform cysteine into a highly reactive electrophilic episulfonium intermediate in situ, to enable conjugation with a diverse set of bioorthogonal nucleophiles in a single step. The reactivity profile can connect several nucleophiles to biomolecules through a short and stable ethylene linker, ideal for introduction of infrared labels, post-translational modifications or NMR probes. In the absence of reactive exogenous nucleophiles, nucleophilic amino acids can react with the episulfonium intermediate for native peptide stapling and protein-protein ligation. Ready synthetic access to isotopologues of vinyl thianthrenium salts enables applications in quantitative proteomics. Such diverse applications demonstrate the utility of vinyl-thianthrenium-based bioconjugation as a fast, selective and broadly applicable tool for chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hartmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kostiantyn Bohdan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Moritz Hommrich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabio Juliá
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lara Vogelsang
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eirich
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Rene Zangl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Christophe Farès
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Vetere
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | | | - Heike Hinrichs
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stefan Becker
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nina Morgner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schrader
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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4
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Yang CN, Liu W, Liu HT, Zhang JC, Yu RJ, Ying YL, Long YT. Electrochemical Visualization of Single-Molecule Thiol Substitution with Nanopore Measurement. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:76-80. [PMID: 38404487 PMCID: PMC10885329 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Reactions involving sulfhydryl groups play a critical role in maintaining the structure and function of proteins. However, traditional mechanistic studies have mainly focused on reaction rates and the efficiency in bulk solutions. Herein, we have designed a cysteine-mutated nanopore as a biological protein nanoreactor for electrochemical visualization of the thiol substitute reaction. Statistical analysis of characteristic current signals shows that the apparent reaction rate at the single-molecule level in this confined nanoreactor reached 1400 times higher than that observed in bulk solution. This substantial acceleration of thiol substitution reactions within the nanopore offers promising opportunities for advancing the design and optimization of micro/nanoreactors. Moreover, our results could shed light on the understanding of sulfhydryl reactions and the thiol-involved signal transduction mechanisms in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Nan Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao-Tian Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ru-Jia Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chemistry
and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Chemistry
and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
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5
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Rochet LNC, Bahou C, Wojciechowski JP, Koutsopetras I, Britton P, Spears RJ, Thanasi IA, Shao B, Zhong L, Bučar DK, Aliev AE, Porter MJ, Stevens MM, Baker JR, Chudasama V. Use of pyridazinediones for tuneable and reversible covalent cysteine modification applied to peptides, proteins and hydrogels. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13743-13754. [PMID: 38075666 PMCID: PMC10699563 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04976k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Reversible cysteine modification has been found to be a useful tool for a plethora of applications such as selective enzymatic inhibition, activity-based protein profiling and/or cargo release from a protein or a material. However, only a limited number of reagents display reliable dynamic/reversible thiol modification and, in most cases, many of these reagents suffer from issues of stability, a lack of modularity and/or poor rate tunability. In this work, we demonstrate the potential of pyridazinediones as novel reversible and tuneable covalent cysteine modifiers. We show that the electrophilicity of pyridazinediones correlates to the rates of the Michael addition and retro-Michael deconjugation reactions, demonstrating that pyridazinediones provide an enticing platform for readily tuneable and reversible thiol addition/release. We explore the regioselectivity of the novel reaction and unveil the reason for the fundamental increased reactivity of aryl bearing pyridazinediones by using DFT calculations and corroborating findings with SCXRD. We also applied this fundamental discovery to making more rapid disulfide rebridging agents in related work. We finally provide the groundwork for potential applications in various areas with exemplification using readily functionalised "clickable" pyridazinediones on clinically relevant cysteine and disulfide conjugated proteins, as well as on a hydrogel material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa N C Rochet
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Calise Bahou
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Jonathan P Wojciechowski
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Ilias Koutsopetras
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
| | - Phyllida Britton
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Richard J Spears
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Ioanna A Thanasi
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Baihao Shao
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Lisha Zhong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Dejan-Krešimir Bučar
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Abil E Aliev
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Michael J Porter
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - James R Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
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6
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Bam R, Natarajan A, Tabesh F, Paulmurugan R, Dahl JJ. Synthesis and Evaluation of Clinically Translatable Targeted Microbubbles Using a Microfluidic Device for In Vivo Ultrasound Molecular Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9048. [PMID: 37240396 PMCID: PMC10219500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study is to synthesize contrast microbubbles (MB) functionalized with engineered protein ligands using a microfluidic device to target breast cancer specific vascular B7-H3 receptor in vivo for diagnostic ultrasound imaging. We used a high-affinity affibody (ABY) selected against human/mouse B7-H3 receptor for engineering targeted MBs (TMBs). We introduced a C-terminal cysteine residue to this ABY ligand for facilitating site-specific conjugation to DSPE-PEG-2K-maleimide (M. Wt = 2.9416 kDa) phospholipid for MB formulation. We optimized the reaction conditions of bioconjugations and applied it for microfluidic based synthesis of TMBs using DSPE-PEG-ABY and DPPC liposomes (5:95 mole %). The binding affinity of TMBs to B7-H3 (MBB7-H3) was tested in vitro in MS1 endothelial cells expressing human B7-H3 (MS1B7-H3) by flow chamber assay, and by ex vivo in the mammary tumors of a transgenic mouse model (FVB/N-Tg (MMTV-PyMT)634Mul/J), expressing murine B7-H3 in the vascular endothelial cells by immunostaining analyses. We successfully optimized the conditions needed for generating TMBs using a microfluidic system. The synthesized MBs showed higher affinity to MS1 cells engineered to express higher level of hB7-H3, and in the endothelial cells of mouse tumor tissue upon injecting TMBs in a live animal. The average number (mean ± SD) of MBB7-H3 binding to MS1B7-H3 cells was estimated to be 354.4 ± 52.3 per field of view (FOV) compared to wild-type control cells (MS1WT; 36.2 ± 7.5/FOV). The non-targeted MBs did not show any selective binding affinity to both the cells (37.7 ± 7.8/FOV for MS1B7-H3 and 28.3 ± 6.7/FOV for MS1WT cells). The fluorescently labeled MBB7-H3 upon systemic injection in vivo co-localized to tumor vessels, expressing B7-H3 receptor, as validated by ex vivo immunofluorescence analyses. We have successfully synthesized a novel MBB7-H3 via microfluidic device, which allows us to produce on demand TMBs for clinical applications. This clinically translatable MBB7-H3 showed significant binding affinity to vascular endothelial cells expressing B7-H3 both in vitro and in vivo, which shows its potential for clinical translation as a molecular ultrasound contrast agent for human applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jeremy J. Dahl
- Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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7
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Tsutsumi N, Ito A, Niko Y, Bando Y, Takahashi K, Ikeda M, Yoneyama K, Nakamura T, Izumi M, Ochi R. Glycolipid‐Type Amphiphiles with a Small Anilinochloromaleimide‐Based Luminogen Exhibiting Aggregation‐Induced Emission. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Akitaka Ito
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kami Kochi 782-8502 Japan
- Research Center for Molecular Design Kochi University of Technology Kami Kochi 782-8502 Japan
| | - Yosuke Niko
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Research and Education Faculty Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Yui Bando
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Kiyonori Takahashi
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES) Hokkaido University N20W10, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0020 Japan
| | - Masato Ikeda
- Faculty of Engineering Gifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences Gifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE) Gifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
| | - Kaori Yoneyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture Ehime University 3-5-7 Tarumi Matsuyama 790-8566 Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakamura
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES) Hokkaido University N20W10, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0020 Japan
| | - Masayuki Izumi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Research and Education Faculty Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Rika Ochi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Research and Education Faculty Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
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8
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Ilochonwu BC, Mihajlovic M, Maas-Bakker RF, Rousou C, Tang M, Chen M, Hennink WE, Vermonden T. Hyaluronic Acid-PEG-Based Diels-Alder In Situ Forming Hydrogels for Sustained Intraocular Delivery of Bevacizumab. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2914-2929. [PMID: 35735135 PMCID: PMC9277588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Retinal diseases are the leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. The effectiveness of antibodies for the treatment of retinal diseases has been demonstrated. Despite the clinical success, achieving sufficiently high concentrations of these protein therapeutics at the target tissue for an extended period is challenging. Patients suffering from macular degeneration often receive injections once per month. Therefore, there is a growing need for suitable systems that can help reduce the number of injections and adverse effects while improving patient complacency. This study systematically characterized degradable "in situ" forming hydrogels that can be easily injected into the vitreous cavity using a small needle (29G). After intravitreal injection, the formulation is designed to undergo a sol-gel phase transition at the administration site to obtain an intraocular depot system for long-term sustained release of bioactives. A Diels-Alder reaction was exploited to crosslink hyaluronic acid-bearing furan groups (HAFU) with 4 arm-PEG10K-maleimide (4APM), yielding stable hydrogels. Here, a systematic investigation of the effects of polymer composition and the ratio between functional groups on the physicochemical properties of hydrogels was performed to select the most suitable formulation for protein delivery. Rheological analysis showed rapid hydrogel formation, with the fastest gel formation within 5 min after mixing the hydrogel precursors. In this study, the mechanical properties of an ex vivo intravitreally formed hydrogel were investigated and compared to the in vitro fabricated samples. Swelling and degradation studies showed that the hydrogels are biodegradable by the retro-Diels-Alder reaction under physiological conditions. The 4APM-HAFU (ratio 1:5) hydrogel formulation showed sustained release of bevacizumab > 400 days by a combination of diffusion, swelling, and degradation. A bioassay showed that the released bevacizumab remained bioactive. The hydrogel platform described in this study offers high potential for the sustained release of therapeutic antibodies to treat ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing C Ilochonwu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marko Mihajlovic
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel F Maas-Bakker
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charis Rousou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miao Tang
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Mei Chen
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tina Vermonden
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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9
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Wright TA, Rahman MS, Bennett C, Johnson MR, Fischesser H, Ram N, Tyler A, Page RC, Konkolewicz D. Hydrolytically Stable Maleimide-End-Functionalized Polymers for Site-Specific Protein Conjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:2447-2456. [PMID: 34730954 PMCID: PMC9099401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific conjugation to cysteines of proteins often uses ester groups to link maleimide or alkene groups to polymers. However, the ester group is susceptible to hydrolysis, potentially losing the benefits gained through bioconjugation. Here, we present a simple conjugation strategy that utilizes the amide bond stability of traditional 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling while introducing site specificity. Hydrolytically stable maleimide-end-functionalized polymers for site-specific conjugation to free cysteines of proteins were synthesized using reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The alpha terminus of the polymers was amidated with a furan-protected aminoethyl maleimide using carbodiimide-based chemistry. Finally, the maleimide was exposed by a retro Diels-Alder reaction to yield the maleimide group, allowing for thiol-maleimide click chemistry for bioconjugation. A thermophilic cellulase from Fervidobacterium nodosum (FnCel5a) was conjugated using various strategies, including random 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) coupling, site-specific hydroxyethyl maleimide (HEMI) end-functionalized coupling, hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) end-functionalized coupling, and amidoethyl maleimide (AEMI) end-functionalized coupling. Only the polymers conjugated by EDC and AEMI remained conjugated a week after attachment. This indicates that hydrolytically stable amide-based maleimides are an important bioconjugation strategy for conjugates that require long-term stability, while esters are better suited for systems that require debonding of polymers over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaiesha A Wright
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 East High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Monica Sharfin Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 East High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Camaryn Bennett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 East High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Madolynn R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 East High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Henry Fischesser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 East High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Natasha Ram
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Amoni Tyler
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Central State University, 1400 Brush Row Road, Wilberforce, Ohio 45384, United States
| | - Richard C Page
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 East High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Dominik Konkolewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 East High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
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10
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Bone Regeneration Using MMP-Cleavable Peptides-Based Hydrogels. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040199. [PMID: 34842679 PMCID: PMC8628702 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested the significant potential of chemically modified hydrogels in bone regeneration. Despite the progress of bioactive hydrogels with different materials, structures and loading cargoes, the desires from clinical applications have not been fully validated. Multiple biological behaviors are orchestrated precisely during the bone regeneration process, including bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) recruitment, osteogenic differentiation, matrix calcification and well-organized remodeling. Since matrix metalloproteinases play critical roles in such bone metabolism processes as BMSC commitment, osteoblast survival, osteoclast activation matrix calcification and microstructure remodeling, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) cleavable peptides-based hydrogels could respond to various MMP levels and, thus, accelerate bone regeneration. In this review, we focused on the MMP-cleavable peptides, polymers, functional modification and crosslinked reactions. Applications, perspectives and limitations of MMP-cleavable peptides-based hydrogels for bone regeneration were then discussed.
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11
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Cheng X, Li B, Zhang M, Lu H, Wang W, Ding Y, Hu A. Direct functionalization of cyclic ethers with maleimide iodides via free radial-mediated sp 3 C-H activation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4787-4790. [PMID: 33982730 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01484f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic ethers are important scaffolds employed in the synthesis of various natural products and pharmaceutical ingredients. A novel free radical-initiated reaction between cyclic ethers and maleimide iodides through C-H activation is developed, avoiding the use of transition metallic catalysts. This method provides a simple approach to derive cyclic ethers, which were further applied in various cross coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Baojun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China. and Skshu Paint Co., Ltd, Fujian Key Laboratory of Architectural Coating, 518 North Liyuan Avenue, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Mengsi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Haotian Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yun Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Aiguo Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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12
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Bahou C, Szijj PA, Spears RJ, Wall A, Javaid F, Sattikar A, Love EA, Baker JR, Chudasama V. A Plug-and-Play Platform for the Formation of Trifunctional Cysteine Bioconjugates that also Offers Control over Thiol Cleavability. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:672-679. [PMID: 33710874 PMCID: PMC8154211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Linkers that enable the site-selective synthesis of chemically modified proteins are of great interest to the field of chemical biology. Homogenous bioconjugates often show advantageous pharmacokinetic profiles and consequently increased efficacy in vivo. Cysteine residues have been exploited as a route to site-selectively modify proteins, and many successfully approved therapeutics make use of cysteine directed conjugation reagents. However, commonly used linkers, including maleimide-thiol conjugates, are not stable to the low concentrations of thiol present in blood. Furthermore, only a few cysteine-targeting reagents enable the site-selective attachment of multiple functionalities: a useful tool in the fields of theranostics and therapeutic blood half-life extension. Herein, we demonstrate the application of the pyridazinedione motif to enable site-selective attachment of three functionalities to a protein bearing a single cysteine residue. Extending upon previously documented dual modification work, here we demonstrate that by exploiting a bromide leaving group as an additional reactive point on the pyridazinedione scaffold, a thiol or aniline derivative can be added to a protein, post-conjugation. Thiol cleavability appraisal of the resultant C-S and C-N linked thio-bioconjugates demonstrated C-S functionalized linkers to be cleavable and C-N functionalized linkers to be noncleavable when incubated in an excess of glutathione. The plug-and-play trifunctional platform was exemplified by attaching clinically relevant motifs: biotin, fluorescein, a polyethylene glycol chain, and a model peptide. This platform provides a rare opportunity to combine up to three functionalities on a protein in a site-selective fashion. Furthermore, by selecting the use of a thiol or an amine for functionalization, we provide unique control over linker cleavability toward thiols, allowing this novel linker to be applied in a range of physiological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calise Bahou
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H OAJ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter A. Szijj
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H OAJ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Spears
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H OAJ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Archie Wall
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H OAJ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Faiza Javaid
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H OAJ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Afrah Sattikar
- LifeArc,
Accelerator Building, SBC Open Innovation Campus, SG1 2FX, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A. Love
- LifeArc,
Accelerator Building, SBC Open Innovation Campus, SG1 2FX, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - James R. Baker
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H OAJ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H OAJ, London, United Kingdom
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
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13
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De Geyter E, Antonatou E, Kalaitzakis D, Smolen S, Iyer A, Tack L, Ongenae E, Vassilikogiannakis G, Madder A. 5-Hydroxy-pyrrolone based building blocks as maleimide alternatives for protein bioconjugation and single-site multi-functionalization. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5246-5252. [PMID: 34163760 PMCID: PMC8179572 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05881e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent dramatic expansion in potential uses of protein conjugates has fueled the development of a wide range of protein modification methods; however, the desirable single-site multi-functionalization of proteins has remained a particularly intransigent challenge. Herein, we present the application of 5-hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones (5HP2Os) as advantageous alternatives to widely used maleimides for the chemo- and site-selective labeling of cysteine residues within proteins. A variety of 5HP2O building blocks have been synthesized using a one-pot photooxidation reaction starting from simple and readily accessible furans and using visible light and oxygen. These novel reagents display excellent cysteine selectivity and also yield thiol conjugates with superior stability. 5HP2O building blocks offer a unique opportunity to introduce multiple new functionalities into a protein at a single site and in a single step, thus, significantly enhancing the resultant conjugate's properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewout De Geyter
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group OBCR, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Eirini Antonatou
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group OBCR, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Dimitris Kalaitzakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Sabina Smolen
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group OBCR, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Abhishek Iyer
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group OBCR, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Laure Tack
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group OBCR, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Emiel Ongenae
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group OBCR, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group OBCR, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
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14
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Singh V, Sagar P, Kaul S, Sandhir R, Singhal NK. Liver Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase-1 Downregulation via siRNA-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Restores Glucose Homeostasis in a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Vivo Model. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 32:259-278. [PMID: 33347265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders have been increasing at an alarming rate, and one such example of metabolic disorder is type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Unregulated gluconeogenesis in T2DM results in increased hepatic glucose output that causes fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia. Extensive proofs have shown that the downregulation of the key rate-limiting enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1 (PCK-1) of gluconeogenesis improved glucose homeostasis in vivo. In the present study, we have synthesized and characterized liver-specific stearic acid conjugated octaarginine (StA-R8) functionalized 4arm-2K-PEGamineylated graphene oxide nanosheets (GPR8) for the delivery of siRNA against PCK-1 in T2DM C57BL/6 mice. We found that a single intravenous administration of siRNA (3 mg/kg BW) conjugated to GPR8 (GPR8:PCK-1siRNA(3 mg/kg BW) conjugate) in an optimized N/P ratio exploited as a therapeutic nanoformulation maintained glucose homeostasis for nearly 4 weeks in the T2DM mice. Efficient silencing of PCK-1 in T2DM liver tissue increased the phosphorylation of serine-256 of FOXO-1, thus showing a marked decrease in hepatic gluconeogenesis. Gluconeogenesis control and consequently glucose output from the liver furthermore partially enhanced liver and muscle insulin sensitivity results in the stimulation of the insulin/AKT-2 signaling pathway which indirectly restored glucose homeostasis in the treated T2DM group. Our therapeutic nanoformulation also improved glycogen storage in the liver and membrane translocation of GLUT4 in the muscle of the treated T2DM group. In conclusion, GPR8:PCK-1siRNA (3 mg/Kg BW) restored glucose homeostasis by controlling the hepatic glucose production and improved peripheral insulin sensitivity as a consequence of reduced hyperglycemia. Thus, the current approach offered an alternative strategy for the therapeutics for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Singh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab India.,Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, India
| | - Poonam Sagar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab India
| | - Sunaina Kaul
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab India
| | - Rajat Sandhir
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nitin Kumar Singhal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab India
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15
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Lossouarn A, Renard PY, Sabot C. Tailored Bioorthogonal and Bioconjugate Chemistry: A Source of Inspiration for Developing Kinetic Target-Guided Synthesis Strategies. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 32:63-72. [PMID: 33232599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic target-guided synthesis (KTGS) is a promising tool for the discovery of biologically active compounds. It relies on the identification of potent ligands that are covalently assembled by the biological targets themselves from a pool of reagents. Significant effort is devoted to developing new KTGS strategies; however, only a handful of biocompatible reactions are available, which may be insufficient to meet the specificities (stability, dynamics, active site topology, etc.) of a wide range of biological targets with therapeutic potential. This Topical Review proposes a retrospective analysis of existing KTGS ligation tools, in terms of their kinetics and analogy with other biocompatible reactions, and provides new clues to expand the KTGS toolkit. By way of examples, a nonexhaustive selection of such chemical ligation tools belonging to different classes of reactions as promising candidate reactions for KTGS are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Lossouarn
- Normandie Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Cyrille Sabot
- Normandie Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, 76000, Rouen, France
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