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Nguyen H, Lima RLS, Neto NMB, Araujo PT. What is the significance of the chloroform stabilizer C 5H 10 and its association with MeOH in concentration-dependent polymeric solutions? SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 310:123886. [PMID: 38245968 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The understanding of excitonic transitions associated with polymeric aggregates is fundamental, as such transitions have implications on coherence lengths, coherence numbers and inter- and intra-chain binding parameters. In this context, the investigation of efficient solvents and other ways to control polymer aggregate formation is key for their consolidation as materials for new technologies. In this manuscript, we use Poly(3-hexothiophene) (P3HT) as a probe to investigate the significance of amylene (C5H10) and its association with methanol (MeOH) in both pure and C5H10-stabilized chloroform (CHCl3)-based polymeric solutions. Using the intensity ratio between the first and second vibronic transitions of the P3HT H-aggregates formed, values for their exciton bandwidths and interchain interactions are obtained and correlated with the presence of C5H10 and MeOH as agents determining the CHCl3 quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Ruan L S Lima
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo T Araujo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
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Camaioni N, Carbonera C, Ciammaruchi L, Corso G, Mwaura J, Po R, Tinti F. Polymer Solar Cells with Active Layer Thickness Compatible with Scalable Fabrication Processes: A Meta-Analysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210146. [PMID: 36609981 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPV) has been considered for a long time a promising emerging solar technology. Currently, however, market shares of OPV are practically non-existent. A detailed meta-analysis of the literature published until mid-2021 is presented, focusing on one of the remaining issues that need to be addressed to translate the recent remarkable progress, obtained in devices' performance at lab-scale level, into the requirements able to boost the manufacturing-scale production. Namely, the active layer's thickness is referred to, which, together with device efficiency and stability, represents one of the biggest challenges of this technological research field. Papers describing solar cells containing non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) binary and ternary blends, as well as NFA plus fullerene acceptor (FA) ternary blends are reviewed. The common ground of all analyzed devices is their high-thickness active layers, compatible with large-area deposition techniques. By defining a new figure of merit to discuss the OPV thickness (thickness tolerance, TT), it is found that this parameter is not affected by the chemical family's nature of the active blend components. On the other hand, the analysis suggests that there are promising strategies to improve the TT, which are discussed in the conclusion section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Camaioni
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Chiara Carbonera
- New Energies, Renewable Energies and Material Science Research Center, Eni S.p.A., Via G. Fauser 4, Novara, 28100, Italy
| | - Laura Ciammaruchi
- New Energies, Renewable Energies and Material Science Research Center, Eni S.p.A., Via G. Fauser 4, Novara, 28100, Italy
| | - Gianni Corso
- New Energies, Renewable Energies and Material Science Research Center, Eni S.p.A., Via G. Fauser 4, Novara, 28100, Italy
| | - Jeremiah Mwaura
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Riccardo Po
- New Energies, Renewable Energies and Material Science Research Center, Eni S.p.A., Via G. Fauser 4, Novara, 28100, Italy
| | - Francesca Tinti
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
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Zhu G, Chen J, Duan J, Liao H, Zhu X, Li Z, McCulloch I, Yue W. Fluorinated Alcohol-Processed N-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistor with High Performance and Enhanced Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:43586-43596. [PMID: 36112127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the film morphology and aggregated structure is a vital means to improve the performance of the mixed ionic-electronic conductors in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). Herein, three fluorinated alcohols (FAs), including 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), and perfluoro-tert-butanol (PFTB), were employed as the alternative solvents for engineering the n-type small-molecule active layer gNR. Remarkedly, an impressive μC* of 5.12 F V-1 cm-1 s-1 and a normalized transconductance of 1.216 S cm-1 are achieved from the HFIP-fabricated gNR OECTs, which is three times higher than that of chloroform. The operational stability has been significantly enhanced by the FA-fabricated devices. Such enhancements can be ascribed to the aggregation-induced structural ordering by FAs during spin coating, which optimizes the microstructure of the films for a better mixed ion and electron transport. These results prove the huge research potential of FAs to improve OECT materials' processability, device performance, and stability, therefore promoting practical bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genming Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Junxin Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiayao Duan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hailiang Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhengke Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Wan Yue
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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