Duraisamy V, Pounsamy M, Subramani T, Krishnamoorthy A. Discerning the catalytic treatment of cationic dye wastewater in photoreactor comprising ternary (Co
3+/Co
2+)-embedded SnO
2/ZnFe
2O
4 composite sensitive toward ultra-violet illumination.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024;
31:20568-20585. [PMID:
38374503 DOI:
10.1007/s11356-024-32460-5]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Herein, magnetic (Co3+/Co2+)-integrated SnO2, SnO2/ZnFe2O4, and ZnFe2O4 composites have been prepared from triply distilled water and 30% of isopropanol in the water medium. The phase evolution, microstructure, and magnetism were investigated successfully and tested for cationic dye wastewater degradation containing Rhodamine 6G and Methylene Blue under ultra-violet irradiation. Composite spheres are attributed to efficient heterojunction interfaces between ZnFe2O4 and SnO2 semiconductors with the support of (Co3+/Co2+) nanoparticles. The results provide a simple, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and scalable method of ternary composites to degrade mixed dyes. Co3+/Co2+-implanted SnO2/ZnFe2O4 offered narrowed bandgap energy, more light absorption, diminishing electron-hole recombination, and more charge carriers toward cationic dye wastewater than the binary components. The rate constant of Rhodamine 6G degradation was observed at 0.0237 min-1, and Methylene Blue degradation was observed at 0.0187 min-1 at 90 min under UV (λ = 365 nm) irradiation. Capturing studies of various organic reactive species and mechanisms of composites was also proposed in detail.
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