1
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Chen ZC, Ouyang Q, Du W, Chen YC. Palladium(0) π-Lewis Base Catalysis: Concept and Development. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6422-6437. [PMID: 38426858 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The development of a new catalytic strategy plays a vital role in modern organic chemistry since it permits bond formation in an unprecedented and more efficient manner. Although the application of preformed metal complexes as π-base-activated reagents have enabled diverse transformations elegantly, the concept and strategy by directly utilizing transition metals as efficient π-Lewis base catalysts remain underdeveloped, especially in the field of asymmetric catalysis. Here, we outline our perspective on the discovery of palladium(0) as an efficient π-Lewis base catalyst, which is capable of increasing the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy of both electron-neutral and electron-deficient 1,3-dienes and 1,3-enynes upon flexible η2-complexes formed in situ and resultant π-backdonation. Thus, fruitful carbon-carbon-forming reactions with diverse electrophiles can be achieved enantioselectively in a vinylogous addition pattern, which is conceptually different from the classical oxidative cyclization mechanism. Emphasis will be given to the concept and mechanism elucidation, catalytic features, and reaction design together with perspective on the further development of this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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2
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Zhang J, Hu Y, Zhang TY, Chen ZC, Du W, Chen YC. Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Construction of Multifunctional Piperidine Derivatives from 1,3-Dienes, N-Cyano Imines, and Beyond. Org Lett 2023; 25:8133-8138. [PMID: 37933993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective (4 + 2) reaction between 1,3-dienes and N-cyano imines has been developed under Pd(0) catalysis, proceeding through a cascade vinylogous addition and intramolecular allylic amination sequence. 2,6-cis-Disubstituted-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines were furnished as single diastereomers in moderate to good yields and enantiocontrol. Moreover, a more challenging three-component (2 + 2 + 2) annulation of 1,3-dienes, N-cyano imines, and activated alkenes was efficiently realized to afford piperidines with high structural complexity, albeit with moderate enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Frontiers Medical Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
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3
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Li M, Zhang Z, Ma N, Zhao J, Wu H, Liu Q, Zhang G. Anion Cascade Reactions. Part I: Synthesis of 3-Isoquinuclidones from a Nazarov-like Reagent. Org Lett 2023; 25:6840-6845. [PMID: 37681678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
A simple and atom-economical one-step protocol is described for the synthesis of biologically valuable 3-isoquinuclidones. The method proceeds from the simple starting materials, α-acyl N-arylcinnamamides, and can be performed under mild conditions in the presence of tBuOK. The key steps of this process are the double Michael addition reaction of a Nazarov-like reagent and the subsequent intramolecular hemiamination. These flexible intermolecular reactions could be performed on a gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Nana Ma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Qingfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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4
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Ma ZC, Wei LW, Huang Y. Stereodivergent Access to [6.7]-Fused N-Heterocycles Bearing 1,3-Nonadjacent Stereogenic Centers by Pd-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulations. Org Lett 2023; 25:1661-1666. [PMID: 36862582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
We describe a highly efficient stereodivergent [4 + 2] annulation reaction of vinyl benzoxazinaones and seven-membered cyclic N-sulfonyl aldimines for the synthesis of a wide array of N-heterocycles with 1,3-nonadjacent stereogenic centers via palladium catalysis. The polarity of solvents was found to play a key role in the switch of diastereoselectivity. Furthermore, good enantioselectivities of these reactions were achieved by the employment of commercially available Wingphos as the chiral ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Cai Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong Univeristy, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lin-Wen Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong Univeristy, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong Univeristy, Xi'an 710061, China
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5
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Hu Y, Huang JY, Yan RJ, Chen ZC, Ouyang Q, Du W, Chen YC. Diastereodivergent cis- and trans-fused [4 + 2] annulations of cyclic 1,3-dienes and 1-azadienes via ligand-controlled palladium catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1896-1901. [PMID: 36819872 PMCID: PMC9931049 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06813c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the blossoming of reports of diastereodivergent synthesis over the past years, switchable control of the stereochemistry of the bridgehead atoms of the fused frameworks has been significantly underdeveloped. Here we disclose the ability of Pd0-π-Lewis base catalysis to finely reverse the concerted inverse-electron-demand aza-Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction between cyclic 1,3-dienes and aurone-derived 1-azadienes. In contrast, the in situ-formed HOMO-energy-increased Pd0-η2-complexes of cyclic 1,3-dienes underwent a cascade vinylogous Michael addition/allylic amination process with 1-azadienes. Moreover, judicious selection of chiral ligands allowed for switchable diastereodivergent [4 + 2] annulations to be accomplished, resulting in the construction of both cis- and trans-fused tetrahydropyridine architectures in high yields with moderate to excellent stereoselectivity levels. A variety of acyclic 1,3-dienes and 1-heterodienes were also applied, and furnished a structural diversity of enantioenriched frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Jin-Yu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Ru-Jie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Zhi-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical UniversityShapingbaChongqing 400038China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609.,College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Shapingba Chongqing 400038 China
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6
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Zheng JL, Liu F, Song X, Zhao Z, Du W, Chen YC. Asymmetric Inverse-Electron-Demand Oxa-Diels–Alder Reaction with Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates of 2-Cyclopentenone via a Palladium-Catalyzed Umpolung Strategy. J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xue Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
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7
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Chen C, Yang XX, Zhao Z, Han B, Du W, Chen YC. Asymmetric inverse-electron-demand 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of cyclopentadienones and thiophene-1,1-dioxide with C, N-cyclic azomethine imines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5502-5505. [PMID: 35416818 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01103d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The normal 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between the carbonates of 4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenones and C,N-cyclic azomethine imines can be switched to an inverse-electron-demand version under Pd(0) catalysis, by in situ generation of HOMO-raised η2-Pd(0)-cyclopentadienone complexes. An array of fused heterocyclic architectures are constructed with high levels of diastereo and enantioselectivity, and diastereodivergent synthesis is well realised by tuning the bifunctional phosphine ligands. In addition, similar reaction with in situ formed thiophene-1,1-dioxide is compatible by using a chiral bisphosphine ligand, and the fused cyclic sulfone frameworks are afforded with high stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Education Ministry and Sichuan province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xing-Xing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Education Ministry and Sichuan province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Education Ministry and Sichuan province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Education Ministry and Sichuan province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Education Ministry and Sichuan province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
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8
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Li J, He D, Wang B, Xiong W, Qi C, Jiang H. Palladium-catalyzed Lewis acid-regulated cascade annulation of alkynes with unactivated alkenes to access diverse α-methylene-γ-lactones. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01500e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed Lewis acid-regulated cascade annulation of alkynes with unactivated alkenes for the preparation of alkyl substituted α-methylene-γ-lactones with excellent Z/E selectivities was accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Dan He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Wenfang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Chaorong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
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9
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Zhang J, Song X, Chen ZC, Du W, Chen YC. Phosphine-catalysed intermolecular cyclopropanation reaction between benzyl bromides and activated alkenes. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03417d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
While phosphine-mediated reactions have been extensively explored over the past decades, the catalytic cyclopropanation reaction via a phosphonium ylide pathway has been significantly underdeveloped, and an intermolecular version still remains...
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