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Vijayakumar A, Manod M, Krishna RB, Mathew A, Mohan C. Diversely functionalized isoquinolines and their core-embedded heterocyclic frameworks: a privileged scaffold for medicinal chemistry. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2509-2534. [PMID: 38107174 PMCID: PMC10718595 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoquinoline-enrooted organic small-molecules represent a challenging molecular target in the organic synthesis arsenal attributed to their structural diversity and therapeutic importance. Into the bargain, isoquinolines are significant structural frameworks in modern medicinal chemistry and drug development. Consequently, synthetic organic and medicinal chemists have been intensely interested in efficient synthetic tactics for the sustainable construction of isoquinoline frameworks and their derivatives in enantiopure or racemic forms. This review accentuates an overview of the literature on the modern synthetic approaches exploited in synthesising isoquinolines and their core embedded heterocyclic skeletons from 2021 to 2022. In detail, the methodologies and inspected pharmacological studies for the array of diversely functionalized isoquinolines or their core-embedded heterocyclic/carbocyclic structures involving the introduction of substituents at C-1, C-3, and C-4 carbon and N-2 atom, bond constructions at the C1-N2 atom and C3-N2 atom, and structural scaffolding within isoquinoline compounds have been reviewed. This intensive study highlights the need for and relevance of relatively unexplored bioisosterism employing isoquinoline-based small-molecules in drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Vijayakumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
| | - M Manod
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
| | - R Bharath Krishna
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
| | - Abra Mathew
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad Kerala 678577 India
| | - Chithra Mohan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
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Yang D, Xu H, Zhang X, Hu Y, Huang D, Zhao H. Ru-catalyzed C-H activation/cyclization of oximes with sulfoxonium ylides to access isoquinolines. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6750-6756. [PMID: 37554009 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00805c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
An external oxidant free Ru(II)-catalyzed C-H activation followed by an intermolecular annulation between oximes and sulfoxonium ylides has been developed. This transformation proceeds smoothly with a broad range of substrates, affording a series of isoquinoline derivatives in moderate to good yields. This protocol was successfully applied to the synthesis of moxaverine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darun Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Hongyan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Yuntao Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Decai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Huaiqing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
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Singh A, Kumar S, Volla CMR. α-Carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides in transition metal-catalyzed C-H activation: a safe carbene precursor and a weak directing group. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:879-909. [PMID: 36562262 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01835g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling of sp2 C-H bonds with diazo compounds via carbene migratory insertion represents an efficient strategy for the construction of C-C and C-heteroatom bonds in organic synthesis. Despite the popularity of diazo compounds as coupling partners in C-H activation, they pose serious safety and stability issues due to potential exothermic reactions linked with the release of N2 gas. However, compared with diazo compounds, sulfoxonium ylides are generally crystalline solids, more stable, widely used in industrial scales, and easier/safer to prepare. Therefore, recent years have witnessed an upsurge in employing α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides as an alternative carbene surrogate in transition metal-catalyzed C-H activation. Unlike diazo compounds, α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides contain inherent potential to serve as a coupling partner as well as a weak directing group. This review will summarize the progress made in both categories of reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Shreemoyee Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Chandra M R Volla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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Aher YN, Pawar AB. Free Amine-Directed Ru(II)-Catalyzed Redox-Neutral [4 + 2] C-H Activation/Annulation of Benzylamines with Sulfoxonium Ylides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12608-12621. [PMID: 36082518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An external oxidant free Ru(II)-catalyzed C-H functionalization/annulation of primary benzylamines with sulfoxonium ylides has been developed for the synthesis of isoquinolines. The reaction utilizes free amine as a directing group, which is generally considered to be a poor directing group. This work presents the first example of Ru-catalyzed C-H functionalization of benzylamines under redox-neutral conditions. The detection of the amine-directed ruthenacyclic intermediate using high-resolution mass spectrometry corroborated the involvement of free amine as a directing group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh N Aher
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Amit B Pawar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
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Pan C, Yuan C, Yu JT. Ruthenium‐Catalyzed C–H Functionalization/Annulation of N‐Aryl Indazoles/Phthalazines with Sulfoxonium Ylides to access Tetracyclic Fused Cinnolines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changduo Pan
- Jiangsu University of Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou 213164 Changzhou CHINA
| | - Cheng Yuan
- Jiangsu University of Technology School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering CHINA
| | - Jin-Tao Yu
- Changzhou University School of Petrochemical Engineering CHINA
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Efficient access to multi-substituted 1-aminoisoquinolines via Rh(III)-catalyzed oxidative annulation of aminopyridine pivalamides with internal alkynes. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bhorali P, Sultana S, Gogoi S. Recent Advances in Metal‐Catalyzed C−H Bond Functionalization Reactions of Sulfoxonium Ylides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha Bhorali
- Applied Organic Chemistry Chemical Sciences & Technology Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat 785006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Sabera Sultana
- Applied Organic Chemistry Chemical Sciences & Technology Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat 785006 India
| | - Sanjib Gogoi
- Applied Organic Chemistry Chemical Sciences & Technology Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat 785006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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Zhang J, Zhang C, Zheng Z, Zhou P, Liu W. Research Progress of Sulfoxonium Ylides in the Construction of Five/Six-Membered Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202204002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ma W, Tan Y, Wang Y, Li Z, Li Z, Gu L, Mei R, Cheng A. Hydroxyl-Directed Ruthenium-Catalyzed peri-Selective C-H Acylmethylation and Annulation of Naphthols with Sulfoxonium Ylides. Org Lett 2021; 23:6200-6205. [PMID: 34339192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a highly efficient ruthenium-catalyzed peri-selective C(sp2)-H acylmethylation of 1-naphthols with α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides by utilizing hydroxyl as a weakly coordinating directing group. This new method imparts good reactivity, excellent chemo- and regioselectivity, and broad functional group tolerance and involves mild reaction conditions. The C-H acylmethylated products can be readily cyclized into fluorescent annulated pyrans by a one-pot process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Ma
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
| | - Yuqiang Tan
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
| | - Zheyu Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
| | - Linghui Gu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
| | - Ruhuai Mei
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
| | - An Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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