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Liu X, Wu F, Qu G, Zhang T, He M. Recycling and reutilization of smelting dust as a secondary resource: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 347:119228. [PMID: 37806275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Smelting dust is a toxic waste produced in metal-mineral pyrometallurgical processes. To eliminate or reduce the adverse environmental impacts of smelting dust, valuable components need to be selectively separated from the toxic components present in the waste. This paper reviews the chemical composition, phase composition and particle size distribution characteristics of smelting dust, and the results show that smelting dust has excellent physicochemical characteristics for recovering valuable metals. The process flow, critical factors, development status, advantages and disadvantages of traditional technologies such as pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and biometallurgy were discussed in depth. Conventional treatment methods typically prioritize separating and reclaiming specific elements with high concentrations. However, these methods face challenges such as excessive chemical usage and limited selectivity, which can hinder the sustainable utilization of smelting dust. With the increasing scarcity of resources and strict environmental requirements, a single treatment process can hardly fulfil the demand, and a physical field-enhanced technology for releasing and separating valuable metals is proposed. Through analysing the effect of electric field, microwave and ultrasound on recovering valuable metals from smelting dust, the enhancement mechanism of physical field on the extraction process was clarified. This paper aimed to provide reference for the resource utilization of smelting dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National-Regional Engineering Research Center for Recovery of Waste Gases from Metallurgical and Chemical Industries, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Fenghui Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National-Regional Engineering Research Center for Recovery of Waste Gases from Metallurgical and Chemical Industries, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangfei Qu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National-Regional Engineering Research Center for Recovery of Waste Gases from Metallurgical and Chemical Industries, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National-Regional Engineering Research Center for Recovery of Waste Gases from Metallurgical and Chemical Industries, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Minjie He
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National-Regional Engineering Research Center for Recovery of Waste Gases from Metallurgical and Chemical Industries, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
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Bao S, Chen B, Zhang Y, Ren L, Xin C, Ding W, Yang S, Zhang W. A comprehensive review on the ultrasound-enhanced leaching recovery of valuable metals: Applications, mechanisms and prospects. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106525. [PMID: 37453257 PMCID: PMC10371852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent two decades, ultrasound has been broadly applied to the hydrometallurgical leaching process to recover valuable metals within raw materials, aiming to solve the shortcomings of the conventional leaching process, including relatively low leaching recovery, long leaching duration, high reagent usage, high energy consumption and so on. The present work focuses on a comprehensive overview of the ultrasound-enhanced leaching of various metals, such as common nonferrous and ferrous metals, rare metals, rare earth elements, and precious metals, from raw metal ores and secondary resources. Moreover, the enhanced leaching mechanisms by ultrasound are discussed in detail and summarized based on the improvement of leaching kinetics, enhancement of the mass transfer and diffusion of lixiviants, and promotion of the oxidative conversion of metals from insoluble to soluble states. Lastly, the challenges and outlooks of future research on the leaching recovery for valuable metals with the assistance of ultrasound irradiation are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenxu Bao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China.
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Yimin Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China
| | - Liuyi Ren
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Chunfu Xin
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wei Ding
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wencai Zhang
- Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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Mechanism and kinetics study on ultrasonic combined with oxygen enhanced leaching of zinc and germanium from germanium-containing slag dust. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Xu Y, Xia H, Zhang Q, Cai W, Jiang G, Zhang L. Optimization of Zinc and Germanium Recovery Process from Zinc Oxide Dust by Response Surface Methodology. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Xu
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intensification Metallurgy Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy Ministry of Education 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
| | - Hongying Xia
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intensification Metallurgy Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy Ministry of Education 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intensification Metallurgy Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy Ministry of Education 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
| | - Wuchen Cai
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intensification Metallurgy Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy Ministry of Education 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
| | - Guiyu Jiang
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intensification Metallurgy Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy Ministry of Education 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
| | - Libo Zhang
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intensification Metallurgy Kunming University of Science and Technology 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy Ministry of Education 253 Xuefu Road, Wuhua District Kunming 650093 Yunnan China
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Lin G, Li J, Zeng B, Wang W, Li C, Zhang L. Leaching of rubidium from biotite ore by chlorination roasting and ultrasonic enhancement. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Zheng X, Li S, Liu B, Zhang L, Ma A. A Study on the Mechanism and Kinetics of Ultrasound-Enhanced Sulfuric Acid Leaching for Zinc Extraction from Zinc Oxide Dust. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5969. [PMID: 36079349 PMCID: PMC9456758 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As an important secondary zinc resource, large-scale reserves of zinc oxide dust (ZOD) from a wide range of sources is of high comprehensive recycling value. Therefore, an experimental study on ultrasound-enhanced sulfuric acid leaching for zinc extraction from zinc oxide dust was carried out to investigate the effects of various factors such as ultrasonic power, reaction time, sulfuric acid concentration, and liquid-solid ratio on zinc leaching rate. The results show that the zinc leaching rate under ultrasound reached 91.16% at a temperature of 25 °C, ultrasonic power 500 W, sulfuric acid concentration 140 g/L, liquid-solid ratio 5:1, rotating speed 100 r/min, and leaching time 30 min. Compared with the conventional leaching method (leaching rate: 85.36%), the method under ultrasound increased the zinc leaching rate by 5.8%. In a kinetic analysis of the ultrasound-enhanced sulfuric acid leaching of zinc oxide dust, the initial apparent activation energy of the reaction was 6.90 kJ/mol, indicating that the ultrasound-enhanced leaching process was controlled by the mixed solid product layers. Furthermore, the leached residue was characterized by XRD and SEM-EDS, and the results show that, with ultrasonic waves, the encapsulated mineral particles were dissociated, and the dissolution of ZnO was enhanced. Mostly, the zinc in leached residue existed in the forms of ZnFe2O4, Zn2SiO4, and ZnS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zheng
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kuming 650093, China
| | - Shiwei Li
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kuming 650093, China
| | - Bingguo Liu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kuming 650093, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kuming 650093, China
| | - Aiyuan Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, China
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