A versatile non-fouling multi-step flow reactor platform: demonstration for partial oxidation synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles

Autonomous nanomanufacturing of lead-free metal halide perovskite nanocrystals using a self-driving fluidic lab

Lead-based metal halide perovskite (MHP) nanocrystals (NCs) have emerged as a promising class of semiconducting nanomaterials for a wide range of optoelectronic and photoelectronic applications. However, the intrinsic lead toxicity of MHP NCs has significantly hampered their large-scale device applications. Copper-base MHP NCs with composition-tunable optical properties have emerged as a prominent lead-free MHP NC candidate. However, comprehensive synthesis space exploration, development, and synthesis science studies of copper-based MHP NCs have been limited by the manual nature of flask-based synthesis and characterization methods. In this study, we present an autonomous approach for the development of lead-free MHP NCs via seamless integration of a modular microfluidic platform with machine learning-assisted NC synthesis modeling and experiment selection to establish a self-driving fluidic lab for accelerated NC synthesis science studies. For the first time, a successful and reproducible in-flow synthesis of Cs3Cu2I5 NCs is presented. Autonomous experimentation is then employed for rapid in-flow synthesis science studies of Cs3Cu2I5 NCs. The autonomously generated experimental NC synthesis dataset is then utilized for fast-tracked synthetic route optimization of high-performing Cs3Cu2I5 NCs.

Impact of nanotechnology on progress of flow methods in chemical analysis: A review

In evolution of instrumentation for analytical chemistry as crucial technological breakthroughs should be considered a common introduction of electronics with all its progress in integration, and then microprocessors which was followed by a widespread computerization. It is seems that a similar role can be attributed to the introduction of various elements of modern nanotechnology, observed with a fast progress since beginning of this century. It concerns all areas of the applications of analytical chemistry, including also progress in flow analysis, which are being developed since the middle of 20th century. Obviously, it should not be omitted the developed earlier and analytically applied planar structures like lipid membranes or self-assembled monolayers They had essential impact prior to discoveries of numerous extraordinary nanoparticles such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene, or nanocrystalline semiconductors (quantum dots). Mostly, due to catalytic effects, significantly developed surface and the possibility of easy functionalization, their application in various stages of flow analytical procedures can significantly improve them. The application of new nanomaterials may be used for the development of new detection methods for flow analytical systems in macro-flow setups as well as in microfluidics and lateral flow immunoassay tests. It is also advantageous that quick flow conditions of measurements may be helpful in preventing unfavorable agglomeration of nanoparticles. A vast literature published already on this subject (e.g. almost 1000 papers about carbon nanotubes and flow-injection analytical systems) implies that for this reviews it was necessary to make an arbitrary selection of reported examples of this trend, focused mainly on achievements reported in the recent decade.

Non-fouling flow reactors for nanomaterial synthesis

This review provides a holistic description of flow reactor fouling for wet-chemical nanomaterial syntheses. Fouling origins and consequences are discussed together with the variety of flow reactors for its prevention.