1
|
Fraczek-Szczypta A, Kondracka N, Zambrzycki M, Gubernat M, Czaja P, Pawlyta M, Jelen P, Wielowski R, Jantas D. Exploring CVD Method for Synthesizing Carbon-Carbon Composites as Materials to Contact with Nerve Tissue. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:443. [PMID: 37754857 PMCID: PMC10532388 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of these studies was to obtain carbon-carbon composites with a core built of carbon fibers and a matrix in the form of pyrolytic carbon (PyC), obtained by using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method with direct electrical heating of a bundle of carbon fibers as a potential electrode material for nerve tissue stimulation. The methods used for the synthesis of PyC proposed in this paper allow us, with the appropriate selection of parameters, to obtain reproducible composites in the form of rods with diameters of about 300 µm in 120 s (CF_PyC_120). To evaluate the materials, various methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and tensiometer techniques were used to study their microstructural, structural, chemical composition, surface morphology, and surface wettability. Assessing their applicability for contact with nervous tissue cells, the evaluation of cytotoxicity and biocompatibility using the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line was performed. Viability and cytotoxicity tests (WST-1 and LDH release) along with cell morphology examination demonstrated that the CF_PyC_120 composites showed high biocompatibility compared to the reference sample (Pt wire), and the best adhesion of cells to the surface among all tested materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Fraczek-Szczypta
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.G.); (P.J.); (R.W.)
| | - Natalia Kondracka
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Marcel Zambrzycki
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.G.); (P.J.); (R.W.)
| | - Maciej Gubernat
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.G.); (P.J.); (R.W.)
| | - Pawel Czaja
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Science, Reymonta 25 St., 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Miroslawa Pawlyta
- Materials Research Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Piotr Jelen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.G.); (P.J.); (R.W.)
| | - Ryszard Wielowski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.G.); (P.J.); (R.W.)
| | - Danuta Jantas
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12 Str., 31-343 Krakow, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodrigues AF, Rebelo C, Reis T, Simões S, Bernardino L, Peça J, Ferreira L. Engineering optical tools for remotely controlled brain stimulation and regeneration. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:3034-3050. [PMID: 36947145 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm02059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are one of the world's leading medical and societal challenges due to the lack of efficacy of the first line treatment. Although pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have been employed with the aim of regulating neuronal activity and survival, they have failed to avoid symptom relapse and disease progression in the vast majority of patients. In the last 5 years, advanced drug delivery systems delivering bioactive molecules and neuromodulation strategies have been developed to promote tissue regeneration and remodel neuronal circuitry. However, both approaches still have limited spatial and temporal precision over the desired target regions. While external stimuli such as electromagnetic fields and ultrasound have been employed in the clinic for non-invasive neuromodulation, they do not have the capability of offering single-cell spatial resolution as light stimulation. Herein, we review the latest progress in this area of study and discuss the prospects of using light-responsive nanomaterials to achieve on-demand delivery of drugs and neuromodulation, with the aim of achieving brain stimulation and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Filipe Rodrigues
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Rebelo
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Central, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Tiago Reis
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Central, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Susana Simões
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Central, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Liliana Bernardino
- Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - João Peça
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Central, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Lino Ferreira
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Central, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|